First, the use of teaching materials, mining moral factors
Geography textbooks contain rich moral education contents. Our teaching should fully tap our own moral education factors and integrate moral education into geography teaching. For example, by studying China's territory, administrative divisions, population and nationality, complex and diverse topography, climate and rich natural resources, students' feelings of loving the motherland are enhanced, which is manifested in their love for the motherland and the people; Love the history and culture of the motherland; High concern and firm belief in the future of the motherland; Willing to sacrifice everything for the people of the motherland. The content in geography textbooks is the foundation and basis of geography education and ideological infiltration. While giving full play to the educational factors of the teaching materials themselves, we should dig deep into the teaching materials that are closely related to reality, supplement necessary and interesting materials, and enhance the appeal, attraction and persuasiveness of teaching. For example, contact with national principles and policies, the reality of the development of the motherland, the development status of all countries in the world, major events at home and abroad, and local people's feelings. For example, when talking about China's land resources, teachers can supplement some information about land resources according to the relevant information of China's land resources and the current situation of local land resources, and introduce the land resources policies of some countries. Through the supplement of these materials, students can feel the basic national conditions of China's land resources, such as "large population and little land" and the current situation of insufficient reserve resources, so that they can establish a scientific view of resources, population and environment, thus infiltrating students' education of loving the motherland and hometown.
Second, classroom teaching, strengthen ideological education
Geography teaching should strictly follow the law of "analysis-synthesis-re-analysis-re-synthesis" to cultivate students' innovative thinking ability. Through the hierarchical analysis of various geographical phenomena, the characteristics of each component are clearly distinguished, and then comprehensively summarized, so that not only can we obtain complete knowledge, but also stimulate and activate students' innovative thinking. In a word, innovative thinking is a novel, valuable, highly mobile and persistent thinking activity that can clearly outline and solve problems. Visualizing abstract written knowledge and making students interested in geography learning is a major topic in geography teaching research. Applying the principles of pedagogy and psychology can effectively control students' learning attention and focus on one goal within a certain period of time, thus forming a concrete image of geographical knowledge representation, effectively improving learning effect and invigorating classroom teaching atmosphere. Therefore, we should give full play to the role of teaching aid demonstration, geographical model, geographical wall chart, landscape pictures, audio-visual display and multimedia educational technology to stimulate students' enthusiasm and interest in learning geography. Only in this way can we realize the next ideological education function. Using local geography content to carry out geography education around us. Every student is familiar with the geographical environment around him, which requires teachers to actively explore ways and means to organically combine the teaching content of geography textbooks with local geographical materials, and integrate the geographical ideological education function into specific geographical teaching activities. Only in this way can it be more concrete and profound, and this teaching activity is easy to get support from all sides. Make full use of limited geographical park activities and geographical education materials in current affairs news. Organize students to actively participate in the school's geo-park activities, and encourage students to discover the geography around them and make timely use of the news media and other geographical materials. Teach students geographical thinking, so that students can truly "learn geography around them, learn useful geography, and learn geography that will benefit them for life." This is an important way to comprehensively use geography class to educate patriotism, space consciousness, competition consciousness, disaster consciousness and scientific spirit.
Three, combined with teaching materials, into patriotism education
To carry out patriotic education, we must first let students have full national pride and pride, let them know and understand our great and glorious history and culture, our people's contribution to mankind, and our socialist motherland's vigorous development through reform and opening up.
British scientist Bacon said that in the development of human society, only papermaking, printing, gunpowder and guides have the greatest influence on the whole historical process. This shows that the Chinese nation has made great contributions to all mankind and deserves to be proud of the world for developing the forest of nations. Patriotism embodies deep feelings for the motherland. As an ideology, it is not only a political standard, but also a moral standard of a great nation. Therefore, patriotism is mainly manifested in the education of loving the motherland, the people and socialism, which enables students to enhance their national pride, consciously resist the erosion of bad ideas, overcome their inferiority complex, and enhance their sense of responsibility and dedication to the country.
For example, when teaching the section "The Territory of China", I focused on the land area of 9.6 million square kilometers in China, ranking third in the world, and then enhanced students' national pride through the teaching of China's superior geographical location and vast territory. When teaching Administrative Division of China, he emphasized that Taiwan Province Province is an inalienable part of China's territory, and it is the sacred duty of every citizen to educate students to safeguard the motherland's unity and territorial integrity.
Fourth, establish the concept of legal system and form good habits.
In order to protect the environment and benefit future generations, many legal provisions in countries all over the world expressly stipulate that acts of polluting the environment and destroying resources will be punished in various ways. China's environmental protection laws have also been promulgated one after another, such as People's Republic of China (PRC) Meteorological Law, People's Republic of China (PRC) Water Law, People's Republic of China (PRC) Environmental Protection Law, People's Republic of China (PRC) Forest Law, People's Republic of China (PRC) Grassland Law, People's Republic of China (PRC) Desert Prevention Law, People's Republic of China (PRC) Sea Area Use Management Law, Air Pollution Prevention Law of the People's Republic of China and Water and Soil Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China. Now geography textbooks have been written into the environmental protection law, Sen. Students should be exposed to these laws and regulations when studying geography. Therefore, in geography teaching, students should be educated on the environment through reading materials, discussing and investigating, combined with the use of learning methods, so that students can clearly understand the significance of protecting the environment and the law of destroying the environment and natural resources, and understand that destroying the environment and natural resources is not only a civilized and moral thing, but also an illegal thing. This not only enhances students' environmental awareness, but also strengthens their legal concept, which will also play a positive role in promoting the cultivation of students' civilized behavior.
Five, in junior high school geography teaching, ideological education should pay attention to the problem.
First, to carry out ideological education, we should "combine education with teaching". It should be noted that ideological education and geographical knowledge education are unified in geography teaching. In teaching, teachers use correct ideas and scientific methods to analyze and direct teaching and materials, and integrate the correct ideas and methods into the teaching of geographical knowledge, instead of telling a set of theories outside geographical knowledge, so as not to become boring preaching. Second, in geography teaching, we should try our best to clarify the concept, principles, laws and various facts of geography, reveal its essence, internal relations and evolution laws, and enable students to receive relevant ideological education. For example, if detailed materials can be used to explain the soil erosion in the Loess Plateau and the accumulation in the North China Plain, students can understand that the terrain is changing and the change is regular, thus being educated by dialectical materialism. When teaching Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project, if teachers can clearly explain "Du Jiang Fish Mouth" and Sha Fei Weir Project and their functions in flood season and peacetime, students will certainly receive strong patriotic education, which will greatly enhance national pride and pride. Third, we should carry out ideological education for junior high school students. Generally speaking, familiar and specific things should be analyzed from perceptual to rational to help students enter a positive thinking state and cause emotional changes. Therefore, we should try our best to provide students with rich perceptual materials, such as pictures, data and vivid geographical examples. If we can organize investigation, investigation, visit and interview, and let students experience it in real life, it will play a more positive role in enriching emotions and promoting thinking. Fourth, teachers should influence students with correct views, the spirit of seeking truth from facts, scientific thinking methods and rich thoughts and feelings. Teachers' words and deeds have a subtle influence on students, and teachers' views, emotions and ways of thinking will continue to penetrate into students. Therefore, in students' ideological education, teachers' exemplary role, teachers' emotions and opinions will play an important role in students' growth.
In a word, geography education in the new period and situation can't be just the teaching of simple geography knowledge. Only through the ideological and moral education in the whole process of geography teaching can our students have extensive knowledge of astronomy and geography on the one hand, and broad mind, noble morality and lofty ideals on the other hand, which is the core of geography classroom. (Author: Yuntai Town Middle School, Changshou District, Chongqing)