School work should be "moral education first" and "teaching first" "Moral education first" requires that all courses offered by the school should have the task of ideological and moral education for students. Chemistry is an experiment-based subject, and cultivating students' basic knowledge and experimental skills is the main task of chemistry teaching at present.
As a junior high school chemistry teacher in the new period, it is necessary to cultivate students' chemistry double basics and carry out moral education for students, which is the basic requirement for comprehensively deepening curriculum reform and effectively implementing moral education. Moral education is the soul of education, teaching people to teach their minds, cultivate talents first, and then cultivate morality. Therefore, we must infiltrate moral education into junior middle school chemistry teaching and integrate ideological and political education in order to achieve the goal of fully implementing quality education teaching. In teaching, according to the characteristics of chemistry subject, combined with the reality, while strengthening the double-base teaching, we should lose no time to infiltrate moral education, teach and educate people, so that the expected goal of the new curriculum reform can be perfectly realized.
First, through the cultivation of chemistry learning interest, let students set up correct learning goals.
Interest in learning is an important psychological component of learning motivation, and it is the driving force to promote students to explore knowledge, which will make students have emotional experience of learning needs and willingness. In the process of junior high school chemistry teaching, cultivating students' interest in learning chemistry is the premise for students to correctly establish their chemistry learning goals. In teaching, I usually create situations to stimulate interest; Using the practicality of chemical knowledge to improve students' enthusiasm for learning chemistry: developing colorful extracurricular activities to promote students' interest in learning, and using illustrations in teaching materials to stimulate students' interest in learning chemistry; Design interesting experiments to keep interest in learning; Use interesting teaching methods to improve students' interest; Give play to the role of emotional education and cultivate interest in learning; Reform the traditional teaching mode, consolidate students' interest in learning and cultivate students' interest in learning chemistry through group cooperative learning. For example, creating learning situations can enhance the pertinence of learning, help to play an emotional role in teaching, stimulate students' interest, and make learning more effective. When creating learning situations, we should strive to be true, vivid, intuitive and inspiring. For example, when teaching the introduction, performing magic tricks such as "lighting a magic wand", "changing clear water into milk" and "smoking an empty bottle" for students, and enjoying the Song of Chemistry by Zhou Qifeng, president of Peking University, ignited children's enthusiasm for learning chemistry and made them have a strong desire to learn chemistry well.
Second, use the history of chemical development to educate students to love science.
Moral education is not limited to political, ideological and moral education, and quality education such as scientific thinking method, rigorous scientific attitude, courage to explore and diligent study should also be part of moral education. Taking the history of chemistry as the carrier, moral education will no longer be empty, boring and powerless. In the "Introduction" class, I pointed out to my classmates that Chinese people have been exploring chemistry for a long time. Although the alchemy and alchemy of ancient people in China had some mysterious idealism, their research was introduced to the west, which greatly promoted the formation and development of chemistry. Since modern times, China has also made outstanding achievements in chemistry and has his own outstanding academic representatives. When explaining the composition of air, students will realize that air has gone through a complicated process with people's material existence and composition day and night. Scheler and priestley discovered and produced oxygen, which is an improvement compared with people who used to think that air is a single substance. Lavoisier further concluded that air is composed of oxygen and nitrogen; Later, with more advanced instruments and practical means, people realized that there were other substances in the air. Through these guiding analysis, children's desire to explore and learn is stimulated.
At the same time, in chemistry class, chemistry teachers can also explain foreign chemical historical facts to students: Dalton and Evan Gardlow, the founders of atomism and famous British chemists, have established atomism and molecular theory through their efforts, laying the foundation of modern chemistry. Russian chemist Mendeleev has a tenacious learning spirit. After repeated experiments, he discovered the periodic law of elements and compiled the periodic table of elements, which made the study and research of chemistry regular. Through the introduction of chemical history, let children understand that science has no national boundaries and science is interlinked. I hope they can understand their heavy responsibility and mission, and make more contributions to their future and the future history of chemical development. At the same time, it also teaches children to be brave in exploration, not afraid of difficulties, respect knowledge, unite and cooperate, boldly question, seek truth from facts and persist in pursuing truth in their future life and study.
Third, make use of chemical achievements to educate students in patriotism.
China is one of the four ancient civilizations in the world, with a long history and splendid culture, which has made great contributions to human civilization. In junior high school chemistry textbooks, many proud achievements are introduced: four great inventions in ancient times; Exquisite bronzes made in Shang Dynasty; Iron smelting and steelmaking in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and hydrometallurgy in the Western Han Dynasty; China is also the first country in the world to use natural gas, and so on. Through the introduction of the long history and excellent chemical technology of the Chinese nation, the children realized that the Chinese nation is a truly ancient civilization and a great nation, and it is a hardworking, brave and intelligent nation. In the long history, our ancestors have the courage to create and made many outstanding scientific and technological inventions, and patriotism will arise.
Especially before and after the founding of New China, the comparison of China's output in steel and fertilizer made children feel that taking the socialist road is the right choice for our country. Only socialism can save China and develop China. New achievements after the reform and opening up-carbon nanotubes, polymer materials, etc. -aroused their strong love and reverence for the motherland.
In chemistry study, students also found the gap between China's modern chemical technology and the world's advanced technology, and realized that China's current chemical level is still relatively low. The world power in the future is a technological power. If the Chinese nation wants to stand among the nations of the world, it must develop science and technology. Educate them to understand that this historical responsibility is obligatory, and the future of the motherland is in our hands, and encourage them to study hard to revitalize China and devote themselves to the scientific and technological undertakings of the motherland.
Patriotism education for students can make them realize that their destiny is closely related to the rise and fall of the motherland, overcome the wrong ideas of belittling themselves and worshiping foreign things, establish national pride and pride, love the socialist motherland, set up lofty ideals, define lofty goals, study hard and serve the motherland in the future.
Fourthly, cultivate students' environmental awareness through environmental teaching.
With the continuous development of science and technology and the improvement of people's living standards, people's requirements for the earth are getting higher and higher, and at the same time, the damage to the earth's ecological environment is getting bigger and bigger. Because human beings have caused serious damage to the ecological environment and caused a series of serious consequences: air pollution, greenhouse effect, sea level rise, excessive deforestation, land desertification and other man-made and natural disasters, the global problems of the earth are becoming more and more serious. In chemistry teaching, it is the duty of every chemistry teacher to cultivate students' awareness of environmental protection. In teaching, we can start with standardizing the experimental operation and improving the experiment, and start with the learning and life experience around students.
For example, when talking about sulfur burning, we can infiltrate environmental protection knowledge and educate students on environmental protection. Tell the students that sulfur dioxide is the main air pollutant and the main component of acid rain, which will lead to acidification of water quality and destroy trees and crops. Micro-experiment is not only convenient for teaching, but also convenient for operation. It is more convenient for students to observe and remember, cultivate students' rigorous experimental attitude, save drugs, reduce pollution and enhance students' awareness of environmental protection. For example, the combustion of phosphorus can be ignited by electricity or laser in a closed container, thus avoiding environmental pollution.
Fifth, combine the inquiry learning mode of group cooperation to cultivate students' spirit of unity and cooperation.
Attention should be paid to let students know that science and technology are progressing in chemistry teaching. In today's increasingly detailed division of labor, cooperation is an essential quality for modern people and a key factor for success. Learning to coexist and cooperate with others is one of the most important qualities in 2 1 century. Most of the contemporary teenagers are only children, spoiled by their parents and families. Living in a superior environment, it is easy to form a self-centered doting habit and lack the spirit of cooperation. Therefore, in chemistry teaching, teachers should cultivate students' spirit of unity and cooperation. In teaching, we reform the traditional teaching mode and adopt the inquiry learning mode of classroom group cooperation. In the classroom, students' desks are divided into several groups, and students in each group sit together. Under the leadership of the group leader, everyone helps each other in their studies. In the group, they help each other and make progress together. Outside the group, they learn from each other. Let them help each other and form a level playing field. Give the classroom back to the students, and let the classroom really become the position for students to perform. The teacher is only the director. Children's enthusiasm for learning will be fully mobilized and their learning potential will be fully tapped. If students are happy in class, they will stimulate their enthusiasm for learning, improve their interest in learning and truly realize "I want to learn" as "I want to learn". At the same time, students can overcome selfishness and jealousy, learn to communicate, learn to help each other, learn to share, not only respect others, understand others, appreciate others, but also make themselves better respected, understood and appreciated by others.
Six, combined with the experimental process of natural science methodology education for students.
Instruct students to attach importance to chemical experiments. Chemical experiments are not taken for granted, but have certain research procedures, that is, scientific research methods: designing, experimenting, observing, recording, processing data, drawing conclusions, evaluating and reflecting, and using the conclusions to guide further experiments. Let children gradually form scientific learning methods in the process of learning, let children feel that they are the masters of learning, and enhance their interest and initiative in learning. In a subtle way, they will unconsciously develop good and scientific learning methods and habits.
As an experimental science, chemistry is very important to cultivate students' ability to observe experiments. When studying acid, alkali and salt, and talking about acid-base indicator, read the story that Boyle found the acid-base indicator in the information card because concentrated hydrochloric acid splashed on violet petals and turned red. Then remind the students that Boyle seems to have noticed this phenomenon unintentionally, but this is not an accident, it is the result of a good habit of always observing experiments carefully. So as to educate students to realize that experiment is an important part of chemistry learning, but they must observe carefully, respect facts, think seriously and be good at summing up and reflecting.
Seven, in the general teaching, combined with the existing laws to cultivate students' dialectical materialism view of respecting science.
Dialectical materialism is a theoretical system of world outlook, a scientific world outlook and methodology, and a science that reveals the most universal laws of nature, human society and thinking. Chemistry is a natural science based on experiments. Dialectical materialism education combined with the specific content of chemistry is conducive to the formation of students' scientific world outlook and the improvement of their quality, so that students can explore and study dialectical materialism in their studies and master scientific knowledge.
In the usual teaching, I attach great importance to the education of seeking truth from facts. I am strict with students in the arrangement of notes, the format of homework, the recording of experiments and even the writing of exams. Many students' notebook exercise books in my class have been exhibited by other classes or other disciplines as models. Learning is like being a man, without hypocrisy and pride. I set an example and am meticulous, so that children can feel the rigor of teachers and learn from them, so as to imitate teachers to develop good study habits and uphold the scientific spirit of seeking truth from facts and splitting into two. Let children form dialectical materialism, master the ideas and methods of scientific research, improve scientific quality and cultivate innovative ability.
A scientific world outlook has been formed, which enables students to find, analyze and solve problems scientifically with dialectical materialism in their daily life. For example, after learning the law of conservation of mass, students know that the new substances produced by chemical reactions are only the broken atoms of molecules, and no new elements are produced; Any chemical reaction is objective, not imaginary or fabricated. Through learning, the children soberly let the students realize that it is impossible for the fairy in the novel to turn stone into gold and turn water into fuel. Students use dialectical materialism to expose pseudo-scientific phenomena and consciously apply chemical knowledge to real life.
In short, the content of moral education is rich and varied, and the educational methods are flexible and diverse. As a natural science, chemistry has its own advantages in moral education. As long as we attach importance to and persist in the subtle moral education for students in the usual teaching process, we can organically combine chemistry teaching with dialectical materialism education, patriotism education and safety and environmental awareness education. Our students can establish a correct emotional attitude, outlook on life and values, and finally achieve the overall requirements of comprehensively implementing quality education, comprehensively deepening curriculum reform and effectively implementing the fundamental task of educating people with morality.