Brief introduction of Jin Shengtan:

Jin Cai (1608 April17-161August 7th) changed his name to Ren Rui after his death, with the word Sheng Tan and alias Kunpeng Shisan. I was born at the age of 53 (54) when I said my real name was Zhang. Suzhou Wuxian was a famous writer and literary critic in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Jin Shengtan's main achievement lies in literary criticism, and he has comments on Water Margin, The West Chamber and Zuo Zhuan.

Jin Shengtan was born on March 3rd, 608 (1April 3rd, July). He had a good life when he was a child, but his stepmother died young and his family came down. He is wild and unrestrained, and is good at writing and poetry. In 2008, I was dismissed because of the grotesque composition, and then I took the subject exam. It was renamed as "Ren Viorikao No.1", but he never thought of being an official and enjoyed reading and writing. Comments are classic, and so are wizards. It is said that there used to be a cenotaph in Fucheng County, Hebei Province.

In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi (1660), the emperor praised Jin Shengtan's works. "He is a master of ancient prose. Don't look at him with his current prose." As soon as he heard this, he immediately "wept bitterly and bowed to the north." Later, Wuxian county in Suzhou transferred a new county magistrate to impose heavy penalties on those who owed taxes, and sold public grain to the people at a high price, arousing public anger. People organized anti-corruption demonstrations under the pretext of Shunzhi's death. After that, 100 many scholars went to the Confucius Temple on the third day to cry and vent their dissatisfaction, and then reported the county magistrate to Governor Zhu Guozhi. Who knows that Zhu Ren and his wife colluded and arrested 18 key figures. The imperial court did exactly the opposite, asking the scholars to resist sending soldiers and salaries, ringing bells and drums, gathering people to start chaos, shocking the spirit of the former emperor and demanding severe punishment. At the time of "beheading" (July 13th, 18th year of Shunzhi) (1665438+ August 7th, 0), one of them was Jin Shengtan, and Wei Chu committed another crime and was beheaded. Zhu Guozhi was killed by Wu Sangui soldiers, and his flesh was divided, leaving no bones.

Jin Shengtan's main achievement lies in literary criticism. His comments attach great importance to the exposition of ideological content and often use the topic to discuss political affairs. His outlook on society and life is vivid. He rebuked "making an offence and making an insurrection", interpreted the name of Water Margin as "the worst, the worst, different from China" and opposed "serving the country with loyalty"; However, he sympathized with people's livelihood and hated officials of fishermen and thieves, and realized that there were "Gao Bailian", "Yin Qian's brother" and their foxes under "One Gao Qiu", which formed a social force that brought disaster to the country and the people. 108 people's "forced entry into Shui Bo" is "disorderly self-improvement", thus affirming the resistance of Liangshan heroes. He believes that "living in his country, not secretly discussing the gains and losses of his doctors, and treating them badly", "there is no saint, no emperor, no emperor, and it is also a discussion"; However, he also admitted that if there was no road in the world, Shu Ren would dare to discuss it, and "the discussion in Shu Ren is history". He preached Confucian moral norms such as "loyalty and forgiveness" and "filial piety"; However, it also exposed the destruction of ethics on human nature, praised the rebellious behavior of Cui Yingying and Zhang Sheng, mocked The West Chamber in Winter as an obscene book, and pushed it as a "strange story of heaven and earth". He accepted the nihilistic thought of Buddhism and regarded life as a dream, the so-called "dream of heaven and earth" and "dream of all beings"; However, he faced up to the reality and was diligent in description, thinking that "life and death are rapid, life is impermanent, and wealth is hard to find." If you are good at what I want, how can you live without writing a book? " It can be seen that Jin Shengtan's thought is full of contradictions. The beauty of Jin Shengtan's literary criticism lies in the artistic analysis of his works. His comments on poetry and prose are quite common, such as dividing metrical poetry into two solutions and applying eight-part essay to poetry, which is quite criticized. His artistic opinions in commenting on The Water Margin and The West Chamber are unique, and after Li Zhi and Ye Zhou, he pushed the criticism of novels and operas to a new height.

Jin Shengtan's famous poems in Qing Dynasty

1, full moon in the sky, half moon on the ground, full moon every half moon; Tonight is the end of the year, the year of the Ming Dynasty, year after year. -Jin Shengtan

2, lotus seeds are bitter; The Intra-abdominal Acid of Pear-Jin Shengtan

3, peanuts and dried tofu are chewed together, which tastes like ham. -Jin Shengtan's last words before execution

4. "If you want to kill your pride and be ambitious, you want to wash your ambition-Jin Shengtan's comment on The West Chamber"

5. There are days and nights, there are days and nights, there are judgments of cold and heat, there are days of cold and heat, there are calendars, there are systematic points, and there are systematic ups and downs. -Jin Shengtan

6. "Big boy, walk the streets and walk from south to north; The young old man, sitting in a recliner, reads spring and autumn from winter to Sunday to summer. -Jin Shengtan "Jin Shengtan"

7, beheading, is painful, casual sigh is also strange. -Jin Shengtan

Famous Poems of Hu Xueyan, a Red Top Merchant in Qing Dynasty

Year: Qing Dynasty

Hu Xueyan introduced:

Hu Xueyan and Hu Xueyan, merchants of red-crowned cranes in Qing Dynasty, started from scratch, and wrote a brilliant stroke in the commercial history of China with their extraordinary abilities. With a patriotic heart, he helped Zuo to set up westernization in order to strengthen the country; With a kind heart, Hu Qingyu Hall was opened in order to help the world and save people. He has been doing business with benevolence and righteousness all his life, which still has reference significance for today's businessmen. But he lived a dissolute life, knew nothing about politics, and finally became a victim of political struggle. Finally, his money ran out and he died sadly.

Hu Xueyan, a famous businessman, finally went bankrupt. The rich family wealth and flashy life he once had failed to leave inheritance and yearning for future generations. However, although Yu Wen, an imperial envoy, helped Hu Xueyan to take over Hu Qingyu Hall in order to preserve the national medicine treasure house, it still stands on the street of Hangzhou with the fine tradition of "no deceit" and "true price". Kind people still remember his surname Hu, and they praised Hu Xueyan's name because of Hu Qingyutang.

In the Qing Dynasty, there were Xigun Wang in the north and Hu Xueyan in the south. Hu Xueyan should be the idol of businessmen in China. There is no doubt that he is both an official and a businessman, and at the same time, he can eat black and white, which is admirable. At that time, the power of China government was unlimited and its authority was enormous. Therefore, if enterprises want to be big, they must find this backer.

Hu Xueyan's personal charm is even better. Although he has so many wives, his family relations are handled very well, and different wives in different periods have played a very important role. At that time, under the premise of the lack of credit contract, it was even more powerful to have a wife to help him (a relatively stable husband and wife contract)!

To sum up, the environment abroad is far from that at home. To do business in China, we should study Chinese studies, China's unique bureaucratic system, interpersonal relationship and credit system. Hu Xueyan deserves to be the idol of Chinese businessmen! !

Hu Xueyan's experience is full of legend: he started as a clerk in a money house and helped the court by making friends with powerful people; In the Westernization Movement, he hired foreign craftsmen and introduced equipment, which was quite rewarding. He made great contributions to the Western Expedition through raising grain machinery and borrowing foreign money. After many twists and turns, he jumped from a banker to a prominent red-topped businessman. He established a financial network based on banks and pawn shops, opened pharmacies and silk stacks, and not only did business with foreigners, but also fought against them.

Hu Xueyan's life, merits and demerits mixed, here only analyzes his humanity. An important reason for Hu Xueyan's success is that he is good at employing people, learning from each other's strengths and not seeking perfection. He said that a person's greatest ability is to use people. Gu Sixie, a poet in A Qing, once wrote: A swift horse dares to take risks, and ploughing is not as good as an ox. A strong car can carry a load, but it is better to sail across the river. Give up the length and take the short, although the wisdom is high, it is hard to find. Raw materials are expensive and applicable, so be careful not to demand too much.

Famous Poems of Hu Xueyan, a Red Top Merchant in Qing Dynasty

1, 7 proverbs of Hu Xueyan: 1. If you don't understand the truth, it is equal to reading in vain; 2. Look at the children to see the character, not the talent; A person with a good moral foundation will be stable all his life. ; 4. Family education determines a person's basic literacy; 5. Credit is man's second life; 6. Opportunities are sustainable; 7. Dont Ask For Help, strive for self-improvement. -Hu Xueyan

2. Think about yourself in the middle of the night and others in the next. -Hu Xueyan

The truth is straight, but the road is often crooked. -Hu Xueyan

4. If you have a township vision, you can do business in a township; If you have a county vision, you can do business in a county; If you have a vision of the world, you may do business in the world. -Hu Xueyan

5. Hu Xueyan, a person who can help people keep out the rain without an umbrella in rainy days.

6. A man should only ask about cultivation and not about harvest, because harvest is beyond his control-man can only control the process, but not the result. -Hu Xueyan

7. If you want to ask others for help, you should consider the problem from their standpoint. -Hu Xueyan

8. If you want to do great things, you must know how to share them with others, not just fish in your arms. -Hu Xueyan

When people need help most, they are down and out. -Hu Xueyan

10. You don't know a person's sincerity until the vital interests intersect. -Hu Xueyan

1 1. A person should take full responsibility for his actions. -Hu Xueyan

12, the opportunity is in everyone's hands. -Hu Xueyan

Complete works of Mao Zedong's famous poems

1, Qinyuan Spring Snow

Look at what the northern countries have shown: a hundred miles of frozen Go; Thousands of miles of snow.

Looking inside and outside the Great Wall, I only feel embarrassed; When the river rises and falls, it loses momentum.

The mountains are like dancing silver snakes, and the highlands are like advancing wax elephants, all trying to match the sky in height.

It must be sunny, wrapped in red makeup, especially enchanting.

There are so many beauties in Jiangshan that countless heroes bend their backs.

Cherish Qin Huang Hanwu, slightly lost literary talent;

Tang Zong Song Zu, slightly less coquettish.

A generation of arrogance, success, only know how to shoot an eagle with a bow.

These characters are gone, a few heroes who can make contributions, look at today's people.

2. "Mulberry picking on Double Ninth Festival"

It's easier to get old than to get old.

Today is Chongyang, and the yellow flowers in the battlefield are particularly fragrant.

The annual autumn wind is strong, unlike spring,

Better than spring, just like Wan Li frost on the vast river.

3. Qingping Happy Club

If you want to know the East, Mo Daojun should leave early.

People who travel all over the castle peak are not old, and the scenery here is unique.

The peak outside Huichang leads directly to the east.

The soldiers pointed to the more lush South Guangdong.

4. Mount Emei in Qin Yi.

The west wind is strong, and the geese in the sky are called frost morning moon.

First frost morning, horseshoe broken, horn swallowed.

Xiongguan road is as iron as iron, and now it is still one step away from the beginning.

From the beginning, Cangshan was like the sea and the sunset was like blood.

5. Seven Laws Long March

The red army is not afraid of the expedition, and Qianshan is just idle.

Wuling Mountain is choppy, and Wumeng is walking in the mud ball.

Jinsha River is warm in the clouds and cliffs, and Dadu Bridge is cold with the cross rail.

I am glad to see that Minshan Mountain is covered with snow and stretches for miles. Our soldiers crossed it and showed a bright smile.

6. Qinyuanchun Changsha

Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang River north, Orange Island.

You see the mountains and plains, and the layers of forests are all dyed;

The river is full of water, and hundreds of people compete for the flow.

The eagle strikes the sky, the fish jumps shallowly, and everything in the frost is free.

Lonely, ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?

Took a hundred couples on a trip. Recalling the past, the years are thick.

Just a classmate and teenager, in full bloom;

Scholar spirit, Fang Qiu.

Pointing out the maze, inspiring words, the dirt in Wan Huhou that year.

Remember hitting the water in the middle stream and the waves stopped the speedboat?

7. The Seventh French People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing.

Zhongshan is windy and rainy, and millions of heroes cross the river.

The distance between the tiger and the dragon plate is better than in the past, turned upside down and natural and graceful.

It is advisable to chase after the poor bandits with the remaining courage, not to learn from the overlord.

If the sky is sentimental, it will grow old, and the right way in the world is vicissitudes.

8. Seven Laws and Mr. Liu Yazi

I can't forget that when I was drinking tea in Guangdong, I was talking about Ye Huang Zheng in Yuzhou.

Thirty-one years after returning from my motherland, I read zhanghua when the flowers fell.

Complaining too much can prevent heartbroken, and you should pay attention to it after a long history.

The water in Kunming, Mo Island is shallow, and watching fish is better than Fuchun River.

Zhang's famous poem

Zhang's famous poem

1, the spring tide is in Lian Haiping, and the bright moon is born at sea. I drift thousands of miles, where there is no moonlight by the river? The river flows around Fangdian, and the moonlight shines on the flower forest like graupel. Frost flows in the air, you can't fly, but you can't see the white sand on the pavilion. There is no dust in the sky on the river, and there is a lonely moon in the sky. Who saw the moon by the river for the first time? When did Jiang Yue take the photo at the beginning of the year? Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is only similar year after year. I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River delivering water. The white clouds have gone, and Qingfeng is at a loss. Who will go boating tonight? Where do you miss Mingyue Building? Poor people wander upstairs for the moon, so they should leave someone to fill the mirror. The curtain of the jade pot could not be rolled up, but it was brushed back on the anvil. At this time, I don't know each other. I hope China will shine on you every month. Hongyan flies in the sky, and fish Long Qian jumps in the water. Last night, I dreamed that the idle pool had fallen, and the poor spring had not returned. In spring, the river flows away, and the pond falls in the moon and the west. The slanting moon hides the sea fog, and Jieshi Xiaoxiang Road is infinite. I wonder how many people will return every month. Falling flowers shake trees all over the river. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

2. "I don't know each other at this time. May China take care of you month by month. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

If you don't care, I'll have a rest. Qingshan only recognizes white clouds. Flying spring is full of rhyme in midsummer and autumn leaves are full of poetry. On the fifteenth day, the moon is cold, and 3 thousand is willing to be the stars. Everything in the past is illusory, and heroism is at the beginning of bullfighting. Wushan used to be an ancient pursuit. If you don't care, I'll stop here. In the winter snow, the river throws straight fishing, in the spring tide, the wild boat is moored. Falling flowers into the ground is true love, and flying leaves are sad with the wind. Perhaps it is the fate of this life, and I still remember those bright eyes in my dream. Interest once longed for ten continents, and who sent it to the clouds? If you have a dream, I will rest if you are not interested. There are bees and butterflies, herons and seagulls among the flowers. Up to now, I still admire the cassock, traveling with bamboo sticks and shoes. Who are you wasting and worrying about? Peach blossom in February, pomegranate in May. Yanwu Ying Ge becomes lonely, and the phoenix pillow evokes tenderness. Water is difficult to turn because of its nature. If you didn't mean it, I'll rest. -Zhang "If you are not intentional, I will take it."

4, life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is only similar year after year. I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River delivering water. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

5. If you are unintentional, I will take a break-Zhang's "If you are unintentional, I will take a break"

6. There is no dust in the river, and there is a lonely moon in the sky. Who saw the moon by the river for the first time? When did Jiang Yue take the photo at the beginning of the year? -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

7. Who saw the moon by the river for the first time? When did Jiang Yue take the photo at the beginning of the year? Life after life, the river and the moon are only similar year after year-Zhang's "Moonlit Night on the Spring River"

8. In Lian Haiping, the spring tide is accompanied by the bright moon on the sea. I drift thousands of miles, where there is no moonlight by the river? -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

9. I dreamed of falling flowers last night, and I didn't return in poor spring. In spring, the river flows away, and the pond falls in the moon and the west. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

10, who saw the moon by the river for the first time? When did Jiang Yue take the photo at the beginning of the year? ? -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

1 1, the river turns around Fangdian, and the moonlight shines like a flower forest. Frost flows in the air, you can't fly, but you can't see the white sand on the pavilion. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

12, the sea fog is hidden in the oblique moon, and the Jieshi Xiaoxiang is infinite. I wonder how many people will return every month. The falling moon shook the trees by the river. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

13, the spring tide is in Lian Haiping, and the bright moon is born at sea. I drift with the tide for thousands of miles, and there is no moon by the river. The river flows around Fangdian, and the moonlight shines on the flower forest like graupel. Frost flows in the air, you can't fly, but you can't see the white sand on the pavilion. There is no dust in the sky on the river, and there is a lonely moon in the sky. Who sees the moon first by the river, and when does the river shine on people at the beginning of the year? Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is similar year after year. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

14, I don't know how many people go home every month, and the moon shakes the trees all over the river-Zhang's "Moonlit Night on the Spring River"

15, the spring tide is in Lian Haiping, and the bright moon is born at sea. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

16, it's still early to close the fort. Don't look at the balcony. Try on a shirt with heating and open the mirror to find spring. Swallows peep at the curtains and bees draw clothes. Love urges Tao Liyan, and her heart sends strings to fly. Make-up wash each other, and the wind, flowers, snow and moon do not return. Where the dream soul enters, silence covers the heavy door. -Zhang "Answer My Boudoir Dream"

17, I dreamed of falling flowers last night, and the poor spring did not return. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

18, the spring tide is in Lian Haiping, and the bright moon is born at sea. I drift thousands of miles, where there is no moon by the river! The river flows around Fangdian, and the moonlight shines on the flower forest like graupel. Frost flows in the air, you can't fly, but you can't see the white sand on the pavilion. There is no dust in the sky on the river, and there is a lonely moon in the sky. Who saw the moon by the river for the first time? When did Jiang Yue take the photo at the beginning of the year? Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is similar year after year. I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River delivering water. The white clouds have gone, and Qingfeng is at a loss. Who will go boating tonight? Where do you miss Mingyue Building? -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

19, Wushan was originally an ancient pursuit. If you didn't mean it, I'll rest. -Zhang "If you are not intentional, I will take it."

20, upstairs is poor, wandering under the moon, you should manage the dressing table. The curtain of the jade pot could not be rolled up, but it was brushed back on the anvil. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

2 1, Baiyun has gone, and Qingfeng is at a loss. Who will go boating tonight? Where do you miss Mingyue Building? -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

22. At this time, I don't know each other. I hope China will shine on you month by month. Hongyan flies in the sky, and fish Long Qian jumps in the water. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River delivering water. The white clouds have gone, and Qingfeng is at a loss. Whose boat tonight, where do you miss the moon floor? Poor people wander upstairs for the moon, so they should leave someone to fill the mirror. The curtain of the jade pot could not be rolled up, but it was brushed back on the anvil. At this time, I don't know each other. I hope China will shine on you every month. Hongyan flies in the sky, and fish Long Qian jumps in the water. Last night, I dreamed that the idle pool had fallen, and the poor spring had not returned. In spring, the river flows away, and the pond falls in the moon and the west. The slanting moon hides the sea fog, and Jieshi Xiaoxiang Road is infinite. I don't know how many people return home every month, and the moon is full of rivers and trees. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

24. Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is only similar year after year. -Zhang

25. Whoever sees the moon for the first time by the river will shine at the beginning of the month. Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is only similar year after year. I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River delivering water. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

26. The river flows around Fangdian, and the moonlight shines on the flower forest like a graupel-Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

27. Whose ship is going to sail tonight? Where do you miss Mingyue Building? -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

28. The curtain of the jade pot can't be rolled up, but it can be brushed back on the anvil. At this time, I don't know each other. I hope China will shine on you every month. -Zhang

29. Poor people wander upstairs on the moon, so they should leave someone to repair the mirror table. The curtain of the jade pot could not be rolled up, but it was brushed back on the anvil. At this time, I don't know each other. I hope China will shine on you every month. Hongyan flies in the sky, and fish Long Qian jumps in the water. Last night, I dreamed that the idle pool had fallen, and the poor spring had not returned. In spring, the river flows away, and the pond falls in the moon and the west. The slanting moon hides the sea fog, and Jieshi Xiaoxiang Road is infinite. I don't know how many people return home every month, and the moon is full of rivers and trees. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

30. The swan goose flies in the sky, and the fish Long Qian jumps in the water. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

3 1, Baiyun has gone and Qingfeng is at a loss. -Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River"

32. If you are heartless, I will rest and swear never to stay. The string of the solitary silver Zheng is broken, and the tears of the sad jade candle are clear. If you are heartless, I will rest. Yuanyang still knows lingering feelings, while the prodigal son struggles to know and never leaves sorrow. Leaves are light and thin, and flowers are gentle everywhere. Only newcomers always laugh. If you are heartless, I will stop. You are cruel to me, and the past is like yesterday Thousands of glasses of wine are placed on weekdays, and poetry is sung for the first time in the Spring and Autumn Period. -Zhang "If you are heartless, I will take it."

33, the dream soul enters the place, and silence covers the door. -Zhang "Answer My Boudoir Dream"