Li Siguang (1889- 197 1), a Mongolian, was born in a poor family in Huanggang County, Hubei Province. He is a world-famous scientist, geologist, educator and social activist, and the founder of modern earth science and geological work in China. One of the founders of China's geological cause and the main * * *. He studied in a private school taught by his father Li Zhuohou since childhood. 14 years old, bid farewell to his parents and came to Wuchang alone to apply for higher primary schools. When filling in the registration form, he mistook the name column for the age column, wrote down the word "fourteen", then changed the word "ten" to "Li", followed by the word "light", and from then on he got the good name of "Li Siguang". From 65438 to 0904, Li Siguang was selected to study in Japan because of his excellent academic performance. In Japan, he accepted the influence of anti-Manchu revolutionary thoughts with Han nationalism, and became the youngest member of the League led by Sun Yat-sen, taking "expelling the Tatars and restoring China" as his own responsibility. Sun Yat-sen admired Li Siguang's ambition: "It is very good and ambitious for you to engage in revolution at such a young age." I also gave him eight words: "study hard and become a national use." 19 10, Li Siguang returned from Japan. After Wuchang Uprising, he was appointed as a member of the Ministry of Finance of Hubei Military Government, and was later elected as the Minister of Industry. After Yuan Shikai came to power, the revolutionaries were excluded, and Li Siguang left the motherland again to study at Birmingham University in England. 19 18, Li Siguang, who got his master's degree, decided to return to work. On the way, in order to understand Russia after the October Revolution, I also made a special trip to Moscow. From 1920, Li Siguang served as a professor and head of the department of geology in Peking University, and from 1928, he went to Nanjing as the director of the Institute of Geology of Chinese Academy of Sciences and was elected as the president of geological society of china. He led students and researchers to travel in the wild all the year round and traveled all over the country. He has given lectures in Europe and America for many times, attended academic conferences and inspected geological structures. 1in the autumn of 949, shortly after the founding of New China, Li Siguang, who was abroad, was invited to become a member of the CPPCC. After getting the news, he immediately made preparations for returning to China. At this time, a friend in London called him and told him that the ambassador of the Kuomintang government in Britain had received a secret order to publicly declare that he refused to accept the position of CPPCC, or he would be detained. Li Siguang made a decisive decision and left London for France alone. Two weeks later, Xu Shubin of Li Furen received a letter from Li Siguang, saying that he had arrived in Basel on the Swiss-German border. The couple bought a boat ticket from Italy to Hong Kong in Basel and secretly set off for home in 1949 and 65438+February respectively. Li Siguang, who returned to the embrace of New China, was entrusted with an important task, successively serving as Minister of Geology, Vice President of China Academy of Sciences, Chairman of the National Association for Science and Technology and Vice Chairman of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Although he is old, he is still fighting in the front line of scientific research and national construction, and has made great contributions to China's geology, oil exploration and construction. 1958, Li Siguang came to China through the introduction of He Changgong and Zhang Jinfu, and became a communist fighter from a national Democrat. After 1960s, Li Siguang's health became worse and worse due to overwork, but he devoted himself to earthquake prediction, prediction and geothermal utilization with great enthusiasm and energy. 1971On April 29th, Li Siguang died of illness at the age of 82. This poem written by Li Siguang in memory of a good student in his early years is also a brilliant portrayal of his life-long geological science research. You swam past me on the rugged Wuling Road. The peaks are hidden, surrounded by ringing water heads. The wind and cloud changed suddenly, and it was golden. Li Siguang's greatest contribution is to establish geomechanics, study the phenomenon of crustal movement from the mechanical point of view, explore the laws of geological movement and mineral distribution, and analyze the geological conditions in China, which shows that there must be oil on the land of China. Theoretically, it overturns the conclusion that China is poor in oil and affirms that China has good oil storage conditions. After listening to the report carefully, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai supported his point of view, and according to his suggestion, they started a large-scale oil survey in Songliao Plain and North China Plain. From 65438 to 0956, he personally presided over the oil survey and exploration. In a very short period of time, he successively discovered Daqing, Shengli, Dagang, Huabei, Jianghan and other oil fields, and made immortal contributions to China's oil industry. From the late 1950s to the 1960s, the exploration departments successively discovered the major oilfields such as Nianji Oilfield, Dagang Oilfield, Shengli Oilfield and Huabei Oilfield. When the national construction was in urgent need of energy, rolling oil appeared. In this way, not only did China get rid of the "poor oil" hat, but Li Siguang's original geomechanics theory was also the most powerful proof.