1. Respect for students' subjective status: Cognitive theory emphasizes students' subjective role and holds that students should actively participate in the learning process rather than passively accept knowledge. Therefore, in education and teaching, teachers should respect students' dominant position, give full play to students' enthusiasm and initiative, and cultivate students' autonomous learning ability.
Teachers can adopt methods such as question-based teaching and inquiry-based teaching to guide students to actively think, find and solve problems, thus improving students' thinking ability and innovation ability.
2. Pay attention to students' cognitive process: Cognitive theory pays attention to students' cognitive process and thinks that students should understand and master knowledge through thinking, analysis and summary. Therefore, in education and teaching, teachers should pay attention to students' cognitive process and adopt teaching methods suitable for students' cognitive characteristics.
3. Cultivate students' cognitive strategies: Cognitive theory holds that students should have certain cognitive strategies in order to better manage and apply knowledge. Therefore, in education and teaching, teachers should pay attention to cultivating students' cognitive strategies, such as memory strategies, thinking strategies and problem-solving strategies.
Characteristics of cognitive theory:
1. Cognitive theory emphasizes in-depth understanding of knowledge acquisition and processing: Cognitive theory focuses on how knowledge is represented and processed in the human brain, and it emphasizes in-depth understanding of knowledge acquisition and processing, not just memorizing and reciting knowledge. This in-depth understanding of knowledge acquisition and processing can help people to master knowledge better, and at the same time, it can also help people to better use knowledge to solve practical problems.
2. Cognitive theory emphasizes the study of cognitive process: cognitive theory not only pays attention to knowledge itself, but also pays attention to how knowledge is obtained, processed, stored and applied. It emphasizes the study of cognitive process, including how people perceive, remember, think and solve problems. The study of cognitive process can help people better understand the learning process and teaching methods, thus improving the teaching quality and learning effect.
3. Cognitive theory emphasizes individual differences: Cognitive theory holds that everyone is unique, and their cognitive processes and ways will be different. Therefore, cognitive theory emphasizes respect for individual differences and adopts different teaching methods and strategies for different students to help them learn and understand knowledge better. This emphasis on individual differences can help teachers better understand each student and provide them with personalized teaching services.