Herbart's main educational viewpoints are as follows: (1) The two theoretical foundations of the educational theoretical system are ethics and psychology. Herbart's contribution lies in the establishment of moral education theory based on ethics and teaching theory based on psychology, which can be said to lay the foundation of scientific pedagogy. (2) educational purpose. The highest purpose of education is the perfection of morality and character. (3) Principles of education and teaching. Herbart put forward the concept of "education and teaching" for the first time in the history of western teaching. (4) Four stages of teaching, namely, clarity, association, system and method. (5) He emphasized the imparting of systematic knowledge, the role of classroom teaching, the importance of teaching materials, the authoritative role and central position of teachers, which formed the characteristics of traditional education classroom center, teaching material center and teacher center.