Emile is Rousseau's famous educational work and an important document in the history of world education. The following are my reading notes of Rousseau's Emile. Welcome to read this article!

Reading Notes of Rousseau's Emile Recently, I read Rousseau's Emile, and I was deeply touched. Especially the ideas put forward by Rousseau in the book? To develop naturally according to the child's nature? I will never forget it.

Emile is a famous book on educational theory. This book mainly describes the physiological and psychological characteristics, growth process and educational methods of the fictional aristocratic son Emil from birth to adulthood, which is vivid and is a theoretical masterpiece of modern educational art.

Rousseau believes that education follows nature and conforms to children's nature, and should not interfere with children and impose adult thinking on them. Now young parents feel the increasingly fierce competition in society, and are afraid that their children will lose at the starting line and even be eliminated by society in the future. Therefore, they are eager for their children's success. They accompany their children to shuttle between different types of instrumental music, art, dance and English, and arbitrarily occupy their children's play time without considering their thoughts. Children should be allowed to grow freely. Any social interference with children will make them feel unfree, unequal and even sinful. Any way of education that goes against nature will lead to the abnormal development of children and have serious consequences. Children are not containers that can be shaped and filled at will, not whiteboards, but have their own fixed rules? The existence of nature? . In our educational life, we should educate children as living people. Any teaching that violates the law of students' physical and mental development is inhuman and cannot exist for a long time. ? Everything given by the creator of nature is good, but once it is in hand, it goes bad. ? Therefore, Rousseau strongly advocated that children should be kept away from society, return to nature, see and listen in the natural environment and not accept secular influences before their understanding has developed. Let them run freely and laugh heartily. Return to nature, let children adopt the aura of heaven and earth, collect the essence of the sun and the moon, and thus cultivate their spirituality and personality. Reflecting on our education, in the dead of night, I feel like I am training a machine to cope with exams.

Therefore, Rousseau's Emile provides a lot of guidance for teaching. For teachers, we should clearly realize the importance of the concept of nature education, fully tap students' talents, make students' hearts close to nature, and let students grow up in free air.

In the usual teaching, we should pay more attention to the cultivation of children's thoughts and feelings, actively guide and encourage students to experience the beauty of nature, exercise their ability to live independently, cultivate their spirit of overcoming difficulties, unity and mutual assistance, and establish good interpersonal relationships. So as to promote students' all-round development and active development in a greater sense.

I believe that as long as we work hard and live a happy and complete educational life, it will not be far away.

Rousseau's Notes on Emile II Emile is an important work of Rousseau, an outstanding French enlightenment thinker. This book is Rousseau's exposition of his bourgeois education thoughts through the education of his imaginary educational object Emile. This is a book called. As long as Plato's Republic and Rousseau's Emile remain in the world, even if other educational works are destroyed, the garden of education will be rich and fragrant? Immortal works. In my spare time, I have Emile in my hand, and I seem to be baptized by my thoughts all the time.

The preface of the book introduces Rousseau's most famous? Nature education? . Natural education is to follow the natural nature of human beings, so that education is consistent with all stages of human physical and mental development, and it is neither ahead nor behind. Nature education in a broad sense involves Rousseau's whole education stage: infancy (0? 2 years old, childhood (2? 12 years old), adolescence (12? 15 years old), adolescence (15? 20 years old). Rousseau's educational method is coordinated with these four stages of development. This process is the process of natural education in a broad sense. Where is 0? 12 years old education is Rousseau's narrow sense of natural education. At this time, education is a kind of non-education, naturally speaking, and also a kind of negative education.

Looking at the first four or five pages, I am puzzled: without education, let nature speak, then what do we teachers want to do? 0? /kloc-how can you be 0/2 years old without education? How can we treat children's growth with a negative attitude? I wonder how this view has been recognized by the whole world for so long? I didn't stop to think about this question, but continued to walk slowly in this book with questions, trying to find answers in actual teaching life with questions.

First, nature in non-education

I remember a trip, several students in my car class didn't have seats, so several people had to get one. Then a boy stood up and said, sitting is the most uncomfortable. I want to stand. ? I hesitated to stand up. As a teacher, I certainly object to her, because standing in the car in case a brake person falls easily, which is a safety hazard, not to mention the poor health at ordinary times. ? No, sit down. ? I said to him. Who knows that he is determined to stand up and take his place. Looking at this stubborn little boy, I want to continue to exert the majesty of the teacher. But I suddenly felt that maybe I should let him stand and let him taste the imbalance caused by the start and stop of the car, and then he would sit down automatically without telling me. If I force him to sit today, he will stand up next time. Maybe the real danger will be greater then. I acquiesced in his decision and supported him. When I was quiet, I suddenly understood? Nature education? Isn't that what it is? Negative education is not a loss of confidence in education, nor is it irresponsible to education, nor is it a mistake in the direction of education. Instead, sometimes when students make mistakes or do things that violate ideal rules, teachers do not actively take immediate measures to stop them, but pay attention to his progress, let him experience the troubles caused by mistakes, and find his own mistakes with his own physical examination. By this time, with a little instruction from the teacher, the effect of education will naturally be achieved, and there is no need to worry about repeated education of students. What is behind the seemingly negative? Without education, let nature speak? Charm! It seems that Rousseau's indulgence is not indulgence, quite a bit. There are more silent complaints than vocal complaints? Harmonious aesthetic feeling.

I can't help thinking about the fine traditions of China? Eat a little bitter, and you will become a master? . What is this bitterness? The pain of burning the midnight oil? The pain of wandering in various training courses? No, lighting and training only increase students' learning burden. What should this bitterness be? Let the children taste the bitterness caused by mistakes themselves? Our parents and teachers just know when to tell their children what to do, or stop them as soon as they find that their children are about to make mistakes, and students even eat? Bitter? There is no chance! In exchange, children secretly make mistakes behind their parents and teachers. In exchange, they only stand on the side of our large population? Do not change after repeated education? . It turned out that it was not the children's fault, because they didn't know what was wrong! Looking back at the book, does Rousseau have such a passage? Far from being careful not to let Emily get hurt, on the contrary, if he doesn't get hurt and grow up in pain, I will feel distressed. Suffering is the first thing he should learn and the most important thing he needs to know. Children seem to be weak because they have learned these important lessons without danger? I am glad that I can find the true meaning of Rousseau's thought in teaching students. Although I don't know if this understanding is Rousseau's real idea, I feel enriched from the heart. Emil opened another window for me, which made me have a more natural and profound understanding of education and a natural attitude when facing my children's mistakes.

Second, freedom in non-education

Rousseau also has an educational principle in Emile, that is? Give children maximum freedom and let them move as fully as possible. He opposed the binding of children's limbs and asked them to wear baggy clothes. ? Rousseau still attaches great importance to the external clothes, and the requirement is that it must be loose, so Rousseau advocates a free-style innovative education system. Freedom and nature are the embodiment of Rousseau's educational thought to some extent. Coincidentally, there is the same description in "Little Peas by the Window"? Principal Kobayashi never asks us to wear new clothes to school, but advocates that we wear clean old clothes, so that even if we scratch our clothes while climbing trees, we can have fun. ? Think about our school now. Except for the students in physical education class, how much time do they spend playing? Playing is the privilege of children, although Rousseau has a famous saying: nature wants children to look like children before adulthood. If this order is disrupted, it will bear some precocious fruits, which are neither full nor sweet, and will soon rot. We will cause some young doctors and senile children to haunt our educators, but who will really understand and implement them?

Nowadays, social competition is a hot topic, and scores are an unavoidable topic. Is this trend recognized by our children in their studies? Play? This is a mistake. Our teachers are also used to giving serious eyes when they see students playing, thinking that this is education. Students think they are making mistakes, but in fact we are all making mistakes! And when playing, teachers often make more serious mistakes! So I feel guilty and sad about the picture of students running into the classroom when they see me walking towards the classroom. I hide my cards and stop the game immediately, although I have always been proud of it. To put it simply, I stopped playing invisibly. What's more, I stopped students' creativity and imagination, and the most fundamental thing was to kill the child's physical life! What a terrible mistake I am making, what a terrible mistake we are making! Did you find out? Do you feel it? Thanks to "Emily" for pointing out that I found my "mistake" and didn't let me go too far. I want to say to all adults: shall we play with our children more? No education? Give your child a free childhood!

For an educator and a parent who wants their children to grow up happily and healthily, Emile is a book that completely changes their thinking. Even if it is not completely renovated, I believe there is no small progress! Let's appeal to more children to enjoy it? Amir style? Free and harmonious education, not learning for learning's sake.

Rousseau's Notes on Emile III Emile is a famous educational work of Rousseau and an important document in the history of world education. It was written by Rousseau in 20 years and painstaking 3 years, and published in 1762. This is a novel and a semi-literary work. The book consists of five volumes, which fully exposes the absurdity and ugliness of feudal education at that time and designs an ideal blueprint for education that conforms to nature and develops children's nature.

He believes that the education of children must follow the requirements of nature, conform to human nature, and oppose adults ignoring children's characteristics, forcing children to receive unnatural education according to traditional prejudices, and interfering with and restricting children's freedom and development. He believes that the purpose of education is to cultivate natural persons. The natural person in Rousseau's mind is a man with strong body, developed mind, rich feelings and love for kindness, and he is a grave digger of feudal regime. He believed that the feudal education at that time made people's body and mind unable to develop naturally and made people succumb to the existing system and fashion.

Rousseau believes that what people are born lacking and what they need in adulthood is the result of education. This kind of education has three sources, that is, things from nature, from the surroundings and the outside world. Our instinct and the development of internal organs are natural education; It is human education, and others teach us how to make use of this development; We gain good experience in things that affect us, which is the education of things. When the three education directions are the same, children can only get a good education if they can cooperate satisfactorily. Of the three, nature education can't be decided by us at all, things education can only be decided by us in some aspects, and people's education time is completely controlled by us. So Rousseau asked that the latter two kinds of education must be the same? Nature education? Cooperate with each other and educate children according to the requirements and order of their natural development. He said? Nature wants children to cherish their short childhood life, care about their games, allow them to fully engage in free activities, and should not force them to persist in reading like hard labor. Rousseau attached importance to the role of education from the perspective of ideas and innate morality, and demanded that education should follow children's nature. Considering nature, education must be free, because the most important natural right of human beings is freedom, so nature education must protect children's kind personality and make their body and mind develop freely. He resolutely opposed feudal scholastic philosophy education such as suppressing children's personality, binding children's freedom, compulsory obedience, compulsory indoctrination, strict discipline and corporal punishment.

Emile is divided into five volumes. He put forward the principles, contents and methods of educating children of different ages according to their age. As future educators, these are all worth learning and learning from. In the first volume, Rousseau focuses on how to carry out physical education for babies before the age of two, so that children can develop naturally. In the second volume, he thinks that children between the ages of two and twelve are still asleep and lack thinking ability, so he advocates sensory education for children in this period. In the third volume, he thinks that teenagers aged from 12 to 15 have some experiences because of sensory feelings, so he mainly discusses their intellectual education. In the fourth volume, he thinks that1young people between the ages of 5 and 20 begin to enter the society, so he mainly discusses their moral education. In the fifth volume, he thinks that young men and women mainly discuss the education of women and the love education of young men and women because of the needs of natural development.

I am determined to be an educator in the future, and I get a lot of inspiration from Amir. Rousseau said: naturally, children want to look like children before they become adults. If we disrupt this order, some fruits will be premature, not full, not sweet, and will soon rot. In other words, we will produce some young doctors and aging children. ? I think: Our teachers don't want their children to be senile, so when educating children, we should respect their wishes as much as possible, and let them run freely and have fun as much as possible on the Yuan Ye. This coincides with the concept of the new curriculum standard. In the past, our classrooms were centralized, crowded and teacher-centered. Teachers can do whatever they want, and they will do whatever it takes to help students master knowledge. As a result, students lose their interest in learning, their weariness of learning rises sharply, and even excessive behavior appears. Whose fault is this? It's the teacher's fault and the education's fault. Then what should I do? The new curriculum standard has clearly told us the feasible way, that is? Autonomy, cooperation and exploration? . Children make their own decisions and do their own things. Teachers are just appropriate guidance, but they must not be bossed around, let alone meddle. Children find their own problems and have the opportunity to find the answers to them. If they fight alone and can't attack for a long time, they will lose interest, so let them cooperate with the exploration.

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