Primary and secondary school students' academic performance in science is generally good, and science education in primary and secondary schools has been comprehensively strengthened. The latest national compulsory education quality monitoring shows that the scientific academic performance of primary and secondary school students is good as a whole, and about 80% students have reached the secondary level or above. In the recent PISA, students from four provinces and cities ranked first among all participating countries (regions) in reading, mathematics and science. With the promotion of quality and balanced education, the scientific academic level of students in the central and western regions and rural areas has been accelerated.
Why should the Opinions be issued? "Science education is an important foundation for enhancing the national scientific and technological competitiveness, cultivating innovative talents and improving the scientific quality of the whole people. Through unremitting efforts, the scientific education level and scientific quality of primary and secondary school students have been continuously improved, and the scientific education of teenagers has achieved remarkable results.
However, we are soberly aware that there are still some problems and deficiencies in science education, such as weak overall foundation, unbalanced regional development, weak integration of science education resources, weak teachers, low implementation rate of practical teaching, and the early discovery and training mechanism of top-notch innovative talents, which need to be strengthened and improved urgently. "The person in charge said.
Eighteen departments joined hands to form a "big science education" document. Why do 18 departments need to participate? What are the main tasks of each department? In this regard, the person in charge gave the answer: The Opinions were led by the Ministry of Education and jointly issued and implemented by the Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China and other 18 departments, which fully reflected that all parties attached great importance to popular science education. Popular science education involves not only inside and outside the school, but also inside and outside the classroom. It is not only extensive, but also related resources such as popular science education venues (institutes), practice bases, digital platforms, and talent projects are scattered in various departments, fields, and industries, and all parties need to work together and unite.
18 departments, some are responsible for taking the lead and grasping coordination, some are responsible for propaganda, creating atmosphere, some are responsible for organizing mobilization and providing guarantee, some are responsible for providing resources and concrete implementation, some are responsible for providing intellectual support and personnel support, and so on. Everyone should perform their duties, and form a pattern of "big science education" by establishing a working mechanism of science education led by the education department and managed by relevant departments, so as to comprehensively and systematically promote the effectiveness of science education.
The Opinions focus on solving the difficulties and problems existing in science education in primary and secondary schools at this stage, and mainly deploy three tasks:?
First, work hard on the word "real" to improve school teaching and service. In view of the problems that some localities and primary and secondary schools do not pay enough attention to science education, the proportion of science education teachers is low, the gap is large, and the implementation level of practical teaching is low, it is necessary to improve the curriculum textbook system, raise the standards of science education, deepen school teaching reform, expand scientific practice activities, incorporate after-school services, and strengthen the construction of teachers.
The second is to make a fuss about the word "width" and make good use of social classrooms. In view of the insufficient integration of popular science education inside and outside schools in some places and the weak establishment of social collaborative support mechanism, we should mobilize all sectors of society to participate and provide resources and courses, guide enterprises to build bases, encourage universities and research institutes to actively connect primary and secondary schools, promote all-media communication, optimize digital wisdom platforms, and enrich popular science education resources. ?
The third is to find a breakthrough in the word "same" and do a good job in connecting relevant reforms. It is necessary to standardize off-campus scientific and technological training, strictly manage competition activities, coordinate top-notch innovative talent projects, promote the reform of college entrance examination content, implement family science education, and carry out scientific education research.
Make overall plans, achieve "reality", "tolerance" and "similarity", and improve efficiency without increasing the burden. The opinions focus on improving school teaching and service, implementing the key project of "improving the quality of school science education", establishing work accounts and conducting investigation and guidance. Complete the specified actions in teaching and experimental classes with good quality and quantity, expand scientific practice activities, stimulate students' interest and cultivate their scientific dreams. In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of teachers. Strengthen the supply of high-quality professional science course teachers from the source. Strengthen the construction of science curriculum teachers and experimenters in primary and secondary schools in professional training, teacher training, post preparation and evaluation mechanism.
As for broadening the resources of off-campus popular science education, he introduced: First, take stock, select and supplement resources, fully mobilize relevant units, strengthen the construction and opening up of venues, bases, camps, parks, production lines and other resources, and provide a material foundation for off-campus education. The second is to strengthen the docking between the supply and demand sides, clarify the time and frequency requirements for carrying out science education, change the "short-term" participation mode into "normal", and realize the "two-way trip" between off-campus science education and schools. The third is to strengthen publicity and introduction, increase the publicity and promotion of popular science education resources, make the acquisition methods of popular science education resources widely known, and make loving science, learning science and using science become social trends.
Science education is related to previous related work. How to give consideration to supporting reforms? Cooperate with standardizing off-campus training. Guiding non-disciplinary science and technology training institutions should not only impart knowledge, but also cultivate students' scientific spirit. In the same direction as the science and technology competition. Guide children not only to participate in competitions, but also to cultivate the spirit of' dedication to science' and constantly enhance the feelings of home and country.
Coordinate with all kinds of talent plans such as' middle school students' talent plan' and' strong foundation plan'. We should not "rush headlong into action" in the name of science and innovation, but make clear the key points, cooperate with each other and jointly serve the growth of students. Improve the proposition of academic proficiency test, strengthen experimental test, and pay attention to cultivating students' scientific spirit and practical ability. In short, we should make overall plans, improve efficiency and not increase the burden. "
Strive for a breakthrough in science education in primary and secondary schools within three to five years. Popular science education resources are widely distributed in various departments, fields and industries, and there are often problems such as repeated construction of resources, lack of project structure, and lack of accurate docking between supply and demand, resulting in waste or ineffective utilization of resources. How to solve this problem?
The idea of the Ministry of Education is to build a cluster of social classroom positions for science education on the basis of existing science education resources and working mechanisms. Make full use of digital technology to explore intelligent management, build a discussion and exchange platform for science education in primary and secondary schools, and integrate all kinds of science education resources in China through the combination of "online" and "offline". Through the mode of "menu" and "self-help", we can realize the docking between the providers and demanders of popular science education resources, further popularize high-quality resources, provide high-quality services and improve utilization efficiency.
How to ensure that "no one can fall behind" in science education in weak areas, weak schools and special children groups? "In principle, it is required to strengthen macro-control, and all kinds of projects and tangible resources should be tilted to the central and western regions, rural areas, old revolutionary areas, ethnic areas, border areas and key counties for rural revitalization, and care and help should be given to weak schools and special children groups. In terms of hardware support, we will arrange the construction of projects such as' aid projects for science and education sites in the central and western regions'. "
In terms of resource supply, we will certainly explore the use of advanced technology to make up for the shortage of high-quality education and teaching resources in weak areas, weak schools and special children groups. In terms of social mobilization, we will deploy and guide social organizations to help build counterpart aid projects, especially enterprises closely related to high technology to help weak areas and weak schools build places for popular science education and provide equipment, equipment, books and software. , train professionals.
In order to ensure that the opinions are effective, the Ministry of Education will establish a scientific education working mechanism, hold regular joint meetings for scheduling, set up a team of experts, strengthen planning guidance and promote implementation, and ensure that the progress is managed, the questions are answered and the questions are helped. "We will also regularly monitor the scientific quality of young people, announce relevant results, guide backward areas to make targeted improvements, and strive to make a major breakthrough in science education in primary and secondary schools within three to five years."