He advocated the theory of "using the past for the present" and "using the past for the present depends not on its meaning, but on its use" He believes that the purpose of in-depth study of Confucian classics is to be familiar with the ancient and modern ways of governing the country, to benefit the national economy and people's livelihood, and to put this idea into academic practice. In his Collection of Shouqitang, the theory of strategy accounts for half of the space. In 13 articles on strategy, 9 articles are the theories of governing the country and rejuvenating the country, including Cao Yun, winning learning, famine relief, river management, historical law, salt policy, money law, reclamation and employing people. In these articles, there are neither pandering words nor whitewashing words, but they point out the gains and losses of the source, criticize the shortcomings of the times, and have ways to save the governance. For example, in Cao Yun, "Hanwu officials serve many people, so they don't give them continuous pain. There are many officials but no need. It is useless to eliminate redundant people and serve many people. " From its point of view, the national plan wins and shrinks, and it is extravagant. "This proposition has reference significance for the current institutional reform and the policy of building the country through thrift and enriching the country.
"Employing People" said: "Since the Zhou and Han Dynasties, people have been judged by people, and since the Tang and Song Dynasties, people have been judged by people, and gentlemen have not been judged by people. It has been said since Confucius. Today, the interests of loyalty, filial piety and honesty in the world are hidden. You don't have to do it if you can say it. Besides, you can't say? " He advocates "judging people by their words" and opposes "judging people by their words". He also said: "People who are qualified to be husbands have their shortcomings. The first king made the law generation, taking the eyes and ears of the New World as qualifications, and then taking words as qualifications to block the way for talents to enter. " Oppose the qualification theory and advocate the selection of talents in an exceptional way. He also said: "I don't think elections can be without harm, but there must be a law without harm in the world, and it can be well used." Gong Ke cannot be abandoned, but it can be used. If you want to use it, it is better to be cautious about the people who use it, but pay attention to the standard of balance. "He also said that the selection of people should be strictly assessed. This is completely consistent with the principles and procedures for selecting talents with both ability and political integrity, theoretical knowledge and practical experience, and has outstanding practical significance.
"Salt Policy" article, "At the beginning of the creation of the ancients, classes were taken from the people, and they were often used. After that, it was given hundreds of times, but it was beneficial to use. The country is rich and poor, and frugality is extravagant in the world. Therefore, it is one of the times for husbands to practise frugality, try their best to fish and add something, and enjoy it from generation to generation. "In short, advocating" benefiting the people "and" thrift "can reduce the burden on farmers, oppose extravagance and waste, and advocate thrift, which can serve the present.
"Winning learning" article, "Today's disadvantages are extremely bad, and it suffers from luxury. Its wind comes from above, calling it the home of princes, the food of a horse costs thousands of dollars, and it costs hundreds of dollars to eat a meal, which will make you feel embarrassed. This order can't help, but the source of arrogance is endless, and the flow of goods and bribes is endless. To clear its source, it must be from top to bottom. " What I said, like what Li Yin is facing today, cannot but arouse our deep thought.
In addition, he also talked about how to dredge rivers, prevent floods, expand irrigation, and how to issue loans, develop trade, stabilize market prices and increase fiscal revenue in the Money Law. In Famine Policy, it is said that we should make up for the apology with abundance and prevent famine. In Reclaiming Land, we talk about how the army reclaims land, how to help soldiers support agriculture, how to reduce state expenditure, and how to reduce people's burden. In "Water Transport", we talked about transportation, building warehouses, opening canals, reclaiming land, stationing grain and so on. I don't want to list them one by one, which fully embodies Li Yindu's viewpoint of putting practical things into practice and paying attention to practical learning. It is entirely about the law of governing the country and enriching the people, which coincides with Gu's "the purpose of the Six Classics should be combined with worldly affairs". This is of reference significance for rejuvenating the country through science and education, transforming science and technology into productive forces and serving the four modernizations. Li Yindu was famous for his poems in his early years. He said in the Preface to Collected Works of Shouqitang: "His works can be traced back to Banma, but they were hidden by poems and valued by celebrities, and were popular in China for a while." Gu wrote in the poem "Repaying Li": "If you get it, you are a great poet". It can be seen that his achievements in poetry creation are no less than Confucian classics. Li Yindu has 54 kinds of works, including more than 40 volumes of poetry anthology, poetry criticism and poetry theory. As he said to his friend Zhu Changyuan, "I have written poems all my life and written millions of words." Accordingly, Li Yin can be called a great poet.
Li Yindu's poems originated from coquettish, ancient ballads and Yuefu, and Du Fu's poems were his religion. Once at a banquet, everyone talked about Du Fu's poems, and he wanted to read them ironically. Some people think it is accidental, and they can cope with it by asking other questions. He advocated that poetry must flourish in the Tang Dynasty, and thought that only poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty reached the highest level, and all future generations had abuses, which was not enough for the law. In style, he advocates "expressing one's mind directly and being upright and upright". He is very particular about the composition and syntax of his poems, insisting that "Ning Zhuo should not be slim, but plain and colorful, but thick and not astringent". The general introduction of Sikuquanshu says that his poems are "full of vigor and vitality." Li Yinyin is best at five-character poems and Cao Rong's poetics, which pushed him to the peak of a generation of poetry. He has also made great achievements in the study of poetry, including Shi Shuo and Han Poetry Review. Shaanxi Institute of Traditional Culture was established on September 28th, 1998. The office is located in Guanzhong Academy in Xi 'an, with a history of 400 years and a beautiful environment. The president is Ms. Zheng. A few years ago, they jointly held a seminar on Li San's academic thoughts in Guanzhong with Guan Xue Society of Shaanxi Province, Li Erqu Research Association and xi Museum of Literature and History. More than 6,543.8+000 experts and scholars from Shaanxi Province, Zhouzhi, Fuping and Meixian participated. Everyone focused on the academic thoughts, historical contributions, inheritance and promotion of Guanzhong culture of Shaanxi thinkers, educators and outstanding scholars Li Erqu, Li Yin Du and Li Bai in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as their evaluation at that time and today.
When talking about the historical position of "Three Li in Guanzhong", Ms. Zheng said that they enjoyed a lofty position and reputation in history with their profound academic attainments and excellent academic conduct. At that time and later, there were "Western Learning", "The Source of Neo-Confucianism", "Dragon in the Contemporary Age, Man in Heaven", "Feather in the Prosperous Age, Literati Mu Duo" and "Li San" ... but they were all influenced by moral integrity and spread all over the country ... and "A generation of true Confucianism, three Qin and one scholar" personally gave Li Erqu.
"Li San of Guanzhong" has made great contributions to the spread of Guanzhong culture through making friends, reciting poems, answering letters, solving doubts in apartments, sending sentimental landscapes and writing handed down from generation to generation, mainly in the following aspects:
1. At that time, it spread widely.
A. Areas of Li Erqu's academic and cultural activities: Zhouzhi, Fuping, Chang 'an, Huashan, Tongzhou, Xingping, Jingyang, Gaoling, Xianyang and Lintong in the province; There are three cities outside the province, Yangzhou, Changzhou, Suzhou, Wuxi, Jiangyin, Jingjiang and Hangzhou.
B Li Yindu's academic and cultural activities: Fuping, Zhouzhi, Chang 'an, Liquan, Qishan, Yan 'an, etc. In the province; Outside the province are Daizhou, Yanmen, Wutai, Taiyuan, Datong, Yuzhou, Laishui, Zhuozhou, Baoding, Beijing, Dezhou, Jinan, Taihe, Fengyang, Yangzhou, Jingzhou and Wuchang.
C. Libo Academic and Cultural Activity Area: Meixian, Zhouzhi, Chang 'an, Qishan, Wugong, Shangxian, Yaoxian, Lantian, Mianxian, Hanzhong, Chenggu, Yangxian and Baocheng in the province; Outside the province are Nanyang, Fancheng, Changsha, Hengzhou and Jingzhou.
2. Although the basic contents are different, they all have a unified style of study, which highlights the distinctive characteristics of Guanzhong culture from different aspects. To sum up, it includes:
Join Guan Xue and learn other philosophies.
B, not afraid of power, pay attention to ethics, pay attention to integrity, and constantly pursue the moral demeanor of perfecting personality.
C. Despise emptiness and advocate practical style of study.
D, resolute and free-spirited style and rhyme.
E, there is a teacher's morality of teaching no class.
Evil, greed and friendship.
By spreading Guanzhong culture, the thought of "Three Plums in Guanzhong" has far-reaching influence. Performance in
(1) When Li Er Qu Zihang returned home, he said, "The county people heard about it, the emperor left it, the gentry sent it away, and the rain cried and dispersed ... to build an academy and present a portrait, and teach it with them." "I have heard two songs of Confucius between Jiangsu and Zhejiang-as high as Taishan Beidou."
(2): At that time, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Guangdong, Gansu and other places often wrote letters or personally asked Li San for advice. According to records, every time a scholar in Tianshui received a letter from Li Erqu, he had to burn incense, bathe and read it three times, and his admiration was touching. Li San made friends with great scholars at that time, did not avoid difficulties and obstacles, and became a friend of life and death. Li Erqu shared the same interests with Gu Zhiqu, and Gu visited Zhouzhi for many times, leaving a much-told story. Li Shangyin became close friends with famous Confucian scholars Gu, Zhu Yizun and Fu Shan. Gu went to prison and sent another letter for help. Li Yindu's "braved the heat to go to Beijing and travel three thousand miles to save him" shocked the whole country, causing Li Yindu's "poets to flock to the mansion, making it impossible for him to take shelter" and "postal messengers heard about it and kept coming in an endless stream".
(3) Make Guanzhong culture spread all over the world and carry it forward, and get rave reviews. "My Qin, my poor style of writing, sprinkle thousands of sacrifices, make the world endless justice." "Li San is famous for his moral integrity, and all Confucian scholars admire him and emphasize ethics."
(4): Hou Wailu and Feng Youlan, masters of China history in the 20th century, and Mr. Chen Qingzhi, an expert in educational history, all have special chapters on Li Erqu and other sages in their works (the first Li Erqu is more detailed).
Ms. Zheng said that contemporary scholars have made a lot of achievements in the study of Er Qu, and people from all walks of life have paid attention to Xiang Xian's research, but they are not satisfied with Li Yindu's research. Many scholars worry that philosophers will gradually get lost.