Formula 1: On the Origin of Education
1. Formula: instinct produces profit, psychology imitates Meng Lu, and Mikey loves labor.
2. Specific knowledge points: ① the theory of biological origin: education originated from the survival instinct of the animal kingdom, represented by Litterno and Pei Xi Neng; ② Theory of psychological origin: Education originated from children's unconscious imitation of adults, represented by Meng Lu; ③ Theory of labor origin: Education originated from the dialectical unity of human needs and social needs, represented by Midinsky and Kailov.
3. Inventory of test sites: prepare lessons by reciting multiple-choice questions, and the "theoretical name-key points-representative figures" corresponds clearly.
Formula 2: Foundation Stage of Pedagogy
1. Formula: Bacon puts forward first, praises enlightenment, Barthes is more standardized, and Kant teaches first.
2. Specific knowledge points: the establishment of pedagogy has gone through four basic stages: Bacon first proposed to separate pedagogy from other disciplines; Comenius' great teaching theory marks the beginning of pedagogy as an independent discipline. Herbart's general pedagogy makes pedagogy more scientific and standardized. Kant first taught pedagogy at the University of Konigsberg.
3. Test site details: prepare for the test by reciting multiple-choice questions.
Formula 3: Main ideas of Herbart and Dewey
1. Formula:
Herbart's viewpoint: one principle, two foundations, three centers and four stages;
(2) Dewey's point of view: doing two things, three centers and four steps, that is, the five-step teaching method;
2. Specific knowledge points:
(1) Herbart's viewpoint: the principle of education and teaching; Take ethics and psychology as the basis of pedagogy; The third center: teachers, teaching materials and classroom centers; Four stages of teaching: clarity, association, system and method.
(2) Dewey's viewpoint: learning by doing; The founder of pragmatism and the representative of modern education; The new three centers: children, experience and activity centers; Education is life, education is growth, education is the reorganization and transformation of experience, and school is society; Five-step teaching method.