Yan Hui, the most proud disciple of Confucius, unfortunately died young. His disciples wanted to bury him with reburial, but Confucius objected.

Yan Hui was the most proud disciple of Confucius, who praised his virtue and knowledge with many words of praise. Although Yan Hui didn't become an official or leave any works before his death, it didn't damage his image in the eyes of later literati.

Since Yan Hui was presented as a tribute to Confucius in the first year of Wei Zhengshi in the Three Kingdoms (AD 240), rulers of all dynasties have given gifts to Yan Hui. Yan Hui was awarded the titles of "Ya Sheng", "Ya Sheng Yan Guogong", "Yan Guofu" and "Fu" successively.

When he entered Confucius at the age of thirteen, he was born smart and knowledgeable.

Yan Hui, also known as Yan Yuan, was born in Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Historical records call him "thirty years younger than Confucius", while scholars in Qing Dynasty think that "thirty" in Historical Records is a mistake of "forty", and Confucius is actually forty years older than Yan Hui. Yan Hui was born in 5 1 1 year BC and died in 480 BC.

Confucius claimed to be "determined to learn nine times out of ten", and Yan Hui was also eager to learn from childhood. "Entering Confucius at the age of thirteen" was the youngest student among Confucius' disciples at that time. Although he is very young, he is brilliant and makes rapid progress in his studies. Even the clever senior Zi Gong is not as good as himself.

The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang records that Confucius once asked Zi Gong, "Which is better, women or wisdom (who is smarter, you or Yan Hui?" Zi Gong replied, "How dare you look back at the gift?" I also know a thing or two. Confucius agreed with him that Yan Hui was indeed smarter than him.

Smart people are usually arrogant and self-righteous. Yan Hui has a genius of knowing everything, but he is not proud. He has great respect for his teachers and is very modest to his classmates. He is taciturn, rarely shows his cleverness, and even looks a little stupid on the surface.

Confucius once said: "I always talk back, I don't disobey, like a fool." Taking a step back and keeping privacy is enough to make a fortune. It's not stupid to take a step back (I give lectures to Yan Hui all day, but he never raises objections and questions, like a fool. He can still play when he goes back to study by himself, which shows that Yan Hui is not stupid. "

Confucius also said that Yan Hui "told me everything (nothing I said he didn't like)".

Yan Hui imitated Confucius because he admired his personality and knowledge. He described Confucius like this: "The higher you climb, the harder you drill. Looking forward, I suddenly fell behind (the teacher's way, the more I look up, the higher I feel, the harder I study, the deeper I feel). "

He said that Confucius was "obedient, kind, charming, and lectured me to be polite", which made him "unable to stop" and had to do his best to learn. So when he was listening to Confucius, no matter how long it took, he would not slack off.

Virtue learning can be regarded as an example. Yan Hui was praised by Confucius many times.

Confucius and Yan Hui are both famous for their eagerness to learn. Confucius took Yan Hui Tree as an example for his disciples because Yan Hui was eager to learn.

Confucius, who often denied that he was a saint, did not deny that he was eager to learn. He said, "In a city with ten rooms, there must be people who are as loyal as hills. It is better to learn as hills." He is never too old to learn and never stops.

He is full of admiration for Yan Hui's eagerness to learn, and thinks that no one can match him among all his disciples. Once, Lu Aigong asked Confucius, "Who is a studious disciple?" Confucius said, "Those who have Yan Hui are eager to learn, never take it out on others and make no mistakes." . Unfortunately, if you are short-lived, you will die today. I have never heard of a good scholar. "Ji Kangzi once asked this question and Confucius gave the same answer.

After Yan Hui's death, Confucius sighed when talking about Yan Hui with others: "What a pity! I saw him go in, but I didn't see him stop (it's a pity that he is dead! I only see him making progress, but I have never seen him stagnate. "

Yan Hui is not only knowledgeable, but also a model for many Confucius disciples in virtue. Confucius mainly educates his disciples to become "gentlemen's Confucianism" from four aspects: morality, politics, language and literature, which are called "Confucius Four Subjects".

Yan Hui, Min Ziqian, Bo Niu and Zhong Gong are representatives of Germany, headed by Yan Hui. After following Confucius, Yan Hui never left Confucius. According to legend, Shao Zhengmao was jealous of Confucius when he was running a school in Shandong, which attracted many disciples of Confucius to the past, so that "Confucius has three advantages and three disadvantages, but Yan Yuan won't go".

He never boasted of his talents and never imposed hard work on others. Although he lives in poverty and has a walled home, he lives in poverty and has no intention of being rich. When Confucius saw him like this, he couldn't help but sigh: "Xian zai, come back!" A spoonful of food, a spoonful of drink, in the mean lane, people can't bear their worries, and they won't change their fun when they go back. Xian zai, you come back! "

The core of Confucius' theory is "benevolence", and its connotation is "love" and "loyalty and forgiveness", which is the highest moral standard, so Confucius does not easily let people take "benevolence". He said that Yan Hui could "March without violating benevolence", while other disciples only briefly and occasionally thought of "benevolence".

Yan Hui was short-lived, but Confucius was sad.

Yan Hui's hair turned white at the age of 29 because he studied too hard and was born with poor physical condition and living conditions. She died young just after she was 30.

Hearing the news of Yan Hui's death, Confucius cried bitterly. He lamented that fate had played a trick on people and sighed, "Alas! The day has passed! The sky is lost! " Others asked Confucius, "I'm so sad!" "Confucius said," what's the matter? It's not my wife who is worried (is it really too sad? I don't feel sorry for such people. Why should people feel sad? "

Yan Hui regarded Confucius as his father, and Confucius also regarded Yan Hui as his son. After Yan Hui's death, his father Yan Lu went to Confucius to discuss how to deal with the aftermath. In ancient times, people with status used at least two coffins after death. One inside is called "coffin" and the other outside is called "inside the coffin and outside the coffin".

At that time, the inner coffin was ready, and there was no outer coffin. Yan Lu asked Confucius to sell his car and prepare a coffin for Yan Hui.

Confucius was embarrassed. He said to Yan Lu: "Talent is not talent, return his son." . Carp also died, with and without coffins. I don't just walk like a coffin. So, after I became a doctor, I can't just walk. "

This means that everyone wants to do better for his son's funeral. My son, Kong Li, died, only with an inner coffin and no outer coffin. I can't sell my car and walk to buy him a coat, because I used to be a doctor and I can't walk. In this way, Confucius rejected Yan Lu's request.

Later, some people commented on this matter, saying that Confucius refused to buy a car for his lover, which was too stingy. This kind of comment doesn't understand Confucius' thought and the social situation at that time. At that time, it was the time when the ceremony collapsed and the music broke down. Confucius thought that the most important thing to save society was to restore the ritual system.

As a doctor, you must have a car when you go out, which is also one of the gifts. If you walk, it is not in line with etiquette, so Confucius is not willing to sell his car to buy an outer coffin even if his son dies.

Confucius' protege wanted to rebury Yan Hui, but Confucius didn't agree. Yan Hui's family was poor, and Confucius thought that he should not be buried with a thick burial. Moreover, Yan Hui was thrifty all his life, and a heavy burial did not meet his wishes.

However, Confucius' favorite pupil gave Yan Hui a heavy burial, and Confucius gently reprimanded them.