Perhaps the essence of cultural education can be summarized as: teaching new individuals ways and means to deal with objects with the knowledge we have about our objects and their relationships. The following is my interpretation of the integration policy of urban and rural education, welcome your reference!
How does the integration policy of urban and rural education promote educational equity?
[case]
Two people have classes, two people study and two people play ball. In Liugou Primary School, Zhaike Township, Yuanzhou District, Guyuan City, Ningxia, Wang Ruqiang and his only teacher, Gao Long, formed a school all their lives. As a rural teacher who has been teaching for nearly 40 years, Wang Ruqiang witnessed the development and reform of rural compulsory education in China. Classrooms have changed from caves to bungalows and buildings, digital education has entered rural classrooms, and children have also had free nutritious meals. In recent years, with the implementation of a series of compulsory education guarantee measures, rural schools such as Liugou Primary School are getting better and better, but there are fewer and fewer students.
? There are 70 or 80 students in a class. The children sit a little back and can't even read the words on the blackboard clearly. How can they learn well? Moreover, the classroom is small in crowded space and the air is turbid. ? This is a message from Liang He, a parent of Jinniu Town Primary School in daye city, Hubei Province, on the client of Hubei Daily.
With the acceleration of urbanization, more and more rural parents send their children to study in towns. There are more than 3,600 students in two primary schools in Jinniu Town, with an average of more than 70 students in each class and 83 students in the largest class.
[Analysis] Compulsory education focuses on urban-rural integration.
Compulsory education is the top priority of education, a public welfare undertaking that must be guaranteed by the state, a basic public undertaking that must be given priority, and a basic undertaking to get rid of poverty. Since the establishment of the funding guarantee mechanism for rural compulsory education in 2006, the conditions for running rural compulsory education schools have been significantly improved, the construction of rural teachers has been strengthened, free compulsory education in urban and rural areas has been fully realized, nine-year compulsory education has been fully popularized, and the educational burden of farmers has been greatly reduced, which has greatly promoted educational equity. However, the current compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism can no longer meet the new situation and new requirements of new urbanization and household registration system reform, and needs to be further improved.
At present, China has entered the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way and is in the critical period of the in-depth development of new urbanization, which puts forward new requirements for improving the overall conditions for running compulsory education and the quality of education. At the same time, the reform of household registration system, the adjustment of family planning policy and the flow of population and students have brought great challenges to the planning and layout of urban and rural compulsory education schools and the supply of urban degrees. In many places, the contradiction between urban and rural dual structure is still outstanding, and the quality of rural education is in short supply, which needs to be improved urgently; The allocation of urban educational resources does not adapt to the development of new urbanization, and the problem of large class size is serious.
[Policy] Coordinate the reform and development of urban and rural compulsory education in the county.
In order to implement the requirements of building a well-off society in an all-round way and promote the sustained and healthy development of compulsory education, on 20 15 165438125, the State Council issued the Notice on Further Improving the Funding Guarantee Mechanism for Urban and Rural Compulsory Education, which was passed. Three unification and two consolidation? For the first time, we will establish a compulsory education fund guarantee mechanism that is unified between urban and rural areas and focuses on rural areas, so that relevant education funds will be borne with the flow of students. ? Three unification? That is to unify compulsory education in urban and rural areas? Two exemptions and one supplement? Policy, unified city
The benchmark quota of public funds for rural compulsory education schools and the unified fund sharing mechanism between the central and local governments; ? Two consolidations are to consolidate and improve the long-term guarantee mechanism for rural compulsory education schools and to consolidate and implement the wage policy for teachers in urban and rural compulsory education.
2065438+On May 20th, 2006, the State Council issued "Several Opinions on Promoting the Reform and Development of the Integration of Urban and Rural Compulsory Education in Counties", proposing to adapt to the needs of building a well-off society in an all-round way, rationally plan the layout and construction of urban and rural compulsory education schools, improve the funding guarantee mechanism of urban and rural compulsory education, coordinate the allocation of urban and rural educational resources, tilt towards the rural and urban-rural fringe areas, vigorously improve the quality of rural education, moderately stabilize rural students, and increase the number of urban compulsory education degrees and boarding beds in township schools. Vulnerable rural areas? And then what? Is the town crowded? Problems, consolidate and balance the development of nine-year compulsory education, and accelerate the narrowing of the gap between urban and rural education within the county. 10 the reform measures are clear:
First, build urban schools at the same time. According to the urbanization plan and the size of the permanent population, formulate the layout plan of urban compulsory education schools to ensure the construction land of urban schools and sufficient degree supply.
The second is to do a good job in rural education, rationally arrange schools, and take various measures to fill the shortcomings of rural education.
Third, scientifically promote the standardization of public schools for compulsory education in urban and rural areas, improve the standards for running small-scale schools in rural areas and boarding schools in towns and villages, improve the basic conditions for running schools, and improve the informationization level of rural schools and the management and service level of boarding schools.
Fourth, implement the plan to eliminate large classes. By 20 18, the super-large class size of more than 66 students will be basically eliminated, and by 2020, the large class size of more than 56 students will be basically eliminated.
Fifth, coordinate the allocation of teachers in urban and rural areas, reasonably verify the staffing of teachers in compulsory education schools, implement urban and rural, regional overall planning and dynamic management of staff staffing, improve the teacher recruitment mechanism, and strive to solve the structural shortage of rural teachers and the shortage of urban teachers.
Sixth, reform the guarantee mechanism of rural teachers' treatment, implement the preferential policies for rural teachers' income distribution, implement and improve the living allowance policies for rural teachers in concentrated contiguous areas and remote and difficult areas, so that the actual wage income level of rural teachers is not lower than that of county and township teachers at the same level, and ensure that the average wage income level of county compulsory education teachers is not lower than that of local civil servants.
Seventh, reform the educational governance system, improve the government's educational governance capacity, improve the school-running mechanism and management methods of small-scale schools in rural areas, comprehensively strengthen ideological and political education, and gradually form a modern school system with China characteristics.
Eighth, reform the dropout control mechanism, establish the target responsibility system and the joint control and joint guarantee mechanism, implement the dropout persuasion, registration and written report system, increase the assistance to students with learning difficulties, improve the funding policy, and prevent them from dropping out because of inconvenient schooling.
The ninth is to reform the schooling mechanism of the children who move with them, establish an enrollment policy based on residence permit, and promote? Two exemptions and one supplement? The per capita funds and the benchmark fixed funds of public funds can be carried with the students.
The tenth is to strengthen the care and protection of left-behind children, improve the working system and promote healthy growth.
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