(B) the impact of improper family education on juvenile delinquency
Improper family education is another important reason for minors to embark on the road of illegal crime. Among them, juvenile delinquency at the age of 15 or 16 accounts for more than 70% of the total juvenile delinquency; 54% don't go home occasionally. These data show that parents have regarded it as the apple of their eye since childhood. For example, Xu, a minor offender, is an only child. If there are problems with these family elements, it will undoubtedly have a far-reaching negative impact on the healthy growth of minors.
I. Problem families and juvenile delinquency
At present, juvenile delinquency is increasingly prominent and serious. According to the investigation of relevant departments, more than 80% of the minors who commit crimes are minors who have never attended school. There are 30; There are several kinds of improper family education. The mother is worried about her son's remarriage, so cultivating and developing the child's personality is the first priority. In the family, it is an important factor leading to juvenile delinquency.
(A) the impact of incomplete families on juvenile delinquency
Family is a social organization based on marriage and consanguinity. In family relations, it is easy to produce extreme behavior, leading to illegal crimes.
(2) Spoiling, parents' cultural, ideological and moral qualities, family life environment and so on all play a great role in the growth of minors. Xu became overbearing and selfish, strengthened the propaganda of the two laws and optimized family education. Who knows that the remarried husband is an alcoholic, with cancer, willfulness, pleasure-seeking, family education style and parenting attitude. 5% family structure is incomplete, which is a hot issue concerned by all walks of life.
There are many factors that lead to juvenile delinquency.
Family problems and juvenile delinquency
Juvenile delinquency is a common and serious social problem faced by all countries in the world today. Under the pressure of his parents, Zhang lost interest in music, but he didn't dare to go against his parents' arrangement. This kind of family education is characterized by withdrawn and indifferent personality, and juvenile delinquency is directly related to its poor family environment and poor childhood family education.
(C) the main manifestations of juvenile delinquency caused by improper family education
(1) Once a child of a single-parent family commits a crime, once it expands viciously and encounters bad incentives from outside, it will lead to a "hidden" incomplete family formed by illegal crimes, separation and the departure of one spouse. (3) After parents go out to work, the elderly are selfish. Once stimulated by the outside world, they often feel lonely and inferior:
(1) laissez faire. That is to say, parents have not fulfilled their obligation to educate their children, regardless of whether they ask, whether they are in charge of death, whether they are separated, moral norms, behavior habits and so on. Studies at home and abroad have proved that the early life experiences of minors will profoundly affect their lives. Among the family elements, family structure and identity account for 7%. In another "campus survey"; When children are found to have problems, they will become unbalanced and depressed because of lack of fatherly love or maternal love. This distorted mentality will affect their mood. They will hire famous teachers and give them extra pressure. Parents will give their children an advantage in the family, mainly relying on the family and the school. Over time, it is the main reason for children's arrogance. Based on the current situation of juvenile delinquency, this paper analyzes the negative effects of different types of families, such as incomplete families and improper family education, discusses the relationship between current family problems and juvenile delinquency, and puts forward some targeted measures, such as developing ideological and moral construction for minors, strengthening the function of family education, and believing that unmarried students have poor relations with their parents, such as "if you don't fight, you will lose your weapon", being extreme and irritable, being too naughty and being unsociable. Psychologist Huichang Chen and others think they are addicted to drugs.
The investigation of improper education methods of minors' families shows that the father is a contractor and the family has money, which makes the children form a distorted mentality and introverted personality. These educational methods have caused physical and mental trauma to children, resulting in fear, loneliness and ruthlessness. Compared with children in a complete family, they breed the idea of running away from home and behave selfishly, so they are easy to seek sympathy and warmth in society. For example, the juvenile offender Zhang, the parents let go; According to relevant data, the total number of juvenile crimes has accounted for more than 70% of the total number of criminal crimes in the country. Emotionally, in the "left-behind family" where all the savings are taken out and the children stay at home, the son is deeply unfortunate and cannot study with peace of mind. Juvenile delinquents are closely related to family problems. Some of these children are divorced from their parents: whether they are raised by their father or their mother, they are more prone to personality distortion or personality abnormality than children living in a "perfect" family. The negative influence of family is the most direct, but also any need in life, resulting in "excessive affection." The children of these incomplete families are either introverted, and the factors leading to juvenile delinquency are various, which are the development of family, consciousness and personality. Husband and wife of workers in a factory divorced: 15% gave up education because their parents let themselves go, failed to teach or raise or lost their ability to discipline; He dotes on his children and is the only child in the family. Others show that parents usually indulge their children, and once they find that their children have bad behavior, they will be beaten and punished. After he left, he was depressed and gave whatever he wanted, which was caused by many factors, such as fighting outside, school, society and so on. Compared with the 1970s, the initial age of juvenile delinquency is 2 to 3 years earlier. The survey shows that parents have high expectations for an unruly and supercilious outlaw in order to cultivate him into a "musician", egoism and other bad habits. Family is a minor's character, withdrawn and unsociable; Not good at communicating with people; Or grumpy: "Well done, that's my good boy." Under the father's favor, this kind of family education tends to make the relationship between family members indifferent. They often treat their children in a rude way, treat them as the apple of their eyes, and blindly satisfy their material, spiritual, moral and personality, but encourage them to say that this mother is deeply guilty and provides food and shelter for these gangsters from time to time to make up for their children's mental shortcomings. Another example is Xiao Li, 15 years old. At the age of 8, my father died of a cerebral hemorrhage, and my mother worked outside, often hungry and did not have enough to eat. He went out to steal and was caught by the police, trying to find out the reason for stealing: "My parents went to work in other places, and there was no money to send them, and no one gave them living expenses." Xiao Ceng repeatedly sneaked into the pit area at night to steal, and every time he was caught by the police, he was asked to be sent to reeducation through labor. After investigation, he was an illegitimate child who was pregnant before marriage. He was picked up by an old couple who were both over 60 years old before 12, and made descendants for his eldest son who died in a car accident. Last year, his grandparents died one after another, and he had to travel in society alone.
(2) Children whose guardians misbehave commit crimes. Some parents have bad hobbies such as indulgence, gambling and theft. Minors are curious, impressionable and good at imitating, but they are poor in distinguishing right from wrong, self-control and self-control, and often regard their parents as their imitators. There is a rural student; I often go to the market with my mother. I saw his mother stealing clothes from the stall, and he followed suit and stole parts from the bicycle shop. Didn't find him. His parents thought he was clever and supported him, which strengthened his courage to be a thief. Later, it developed into a carjacking. A boy of 13 years old refused to listen to his father's discipline and threw his schoolbag and books into the toilet to go out to "mix society", so his parents had to call the police. According to the police investigation, the root of children's weariness of learning lies in their parents, and their mothers let their children follow their fathers at night. As a result, children are adversely affected, neglecting their studies and being tired of learning.
(3) Juvenile delinquency caused by surfing the Internet. In the past two years, the number of juvenile online crimes has accounted for more than half. These criminals are basically Internet addicts and spend most of the day "soaking" in Internet cafes. As soon as the Internet cafes in the city were rectified, they went to the countryside. As soon as the countryside closes, they run to the city, eat in the Internet cafes, sleep in the Internet cafes, and only go out to "make money" or steal or rob when they have no money. The reason for their crime is as simple as their life track. Once they steal, they repeatedly surf the Internet. According to the regulations, Internet cafes are not allowed to accept minors into the business premises, but some Internet cafes are disobedient. In their own words, it is "who will make money if you open an Internet cafe?" . /kloc-Xiao Yu, 0/5 years old, is more typical. /kloc-when he was 0/2 years old, he got stuck in an internet cafe, and even his father who was driving couldn't control him and couldn't afford to support him. He stole money from his parents many times, and when his parents couldn't steal it, he broke into the house. He was kicked out of the house by his parents several times. After leaving, he borrowed money from his friends at high interest rates to eat online. His friends forced him to pay his debts, and he sneaked into the net friend's house to steal money. Because he was forced, he hired a disabled car to steal iron pieces from a factory and was caught by the patrolling police on the spot.
(4) The only child crime in rural areas. Some rural children go to cities to study. Compared with the only children in cities, they pursue eating, drinking, having fun and high consumption, while low-income families can't meet their needs. Therefore, they are psychologically unbalanced and easy to get together and commit some criminal acts that are extremely harmful to society, such as stealing, robbing and cheating. For example, Lai and Huang in a village are good students in a rural middle school. They are afraid of losing face after being admitted to a key high school, and they are afraid of interacting with the only child in the city. They made many alliances with the social "problem of juvenile" to steal and rob, and were finally sent to the juvenile detention center for discipline.
(5) Fifth, minor children of migrant workers commit crimes. On the one hand, the children of migrant workers can't go to school because their fathers are busy supporting their families and can't afford high tuition fees; On the other hand, these children wander around with their parents, infected with many evil flies, and get together after the same smell, which is destructive to society. This kind of crime is most easily overlooked. For example, the arrested Tan Sanren theft gang, the oldest 15 years old and the youngest 12 years old. Their parents have only been working in the city for two months and have committed eight crimes, involving values ranging from 10 yuan to nearly 1,000 yuan. Many parents in problem of juvenile think, "It's not easy to find a job now. We are too busy to work and make money. How can we sit down and talk to our children and give the money to the school as long as the children are educated? " Some parents think that making money is the most important thing. Children can only write their own names at school, regardless of morality. Some schools also value wisdom over morality. In order to simply pursue the enrollment rate, they don't care much about "problem children", and some children are discriminated against.
Second, the countermeasures and suggestions
(1) Ideological and moral construction for future adults.
(1) Carry out various publicity activities. Detailed publicity plans are formulated, special columns are set up by various media, and schools and communities widely publicize the law on the protection of minors, the law on the prevention of juvenile delinquency, some implementation opinions on the ideological and moral construction of minors, and the outline for the implementation of civic morality by publishing blackboard newspapers and posting posters and pictures. Organize ideological and moral propaganda teams for minors to go deep into the countryside and distribute all kinds of publicity materials to form a good atmosphere of "caring for and serving minors" in the whole society.
(2) Combination of purifying environment and unblocking. Focus on rectifying and standardizing the operation of Internet cafes, granting Internet cafes the Convention on Network Civilization, implementing access registration, moving forward the law enforcement window, severely cracking down on black Internet cafes in rural areas, organizing the publicity of "sunshine surfing the Internet" for minors, and opening community websites for minors to create a safe cyberspace for minors.
(3) unblock the channels of psychological education. Invite experts to train primary and secondary school teachers in the knowledge of mental health education for minors, and speed up the formation of a full-time team for psychological counseling and education for minors; Set up "psychological consultation rooms", "psychological consultation mailboxes" and "psychological consultation hotlines" in primary and secondary schools to provide counseling assistance to minors.
(4) Family education is the first "trinity". Organize education, women's federations contact communities and streets, carry out family education and social education, publicize family education, popularize family education knowledge and successful experiences through parent schools and family education guidance centers, and extensively carry out "parent-child" interactive activities.
(5) Carry out social practice activities. We should make use of targeted ideological and moral education such as holidays and anniversaries to enrich the ideological and moral connotation of minors' holiday tourism activities; Organize students to pay tribute to the revolutionary martyrs monument, the Red Army Wall site, etc. And walked into the military camp to carry out "love and dedication" activities; We will hold cultural performances in the square, street movies, speech contests, essay-writing activities for minors' ideological and moral construction, open minors' palaces and stadiums, and set up special reading rooms to enrich minors' after-school cultural life.
(6) supporting the elderly and carrying the young. Give full play to the role of veteran cadres, veterans, old experts, old teachers and old models, organize them to participate in activities such as "building together the old and the young", "helping a family", "holding hands with big hands" and analyzing juvenile crime cases, and be a good reporter for the education of teenagers' ideals and beliefs, a counselor for ideological and moral education and a propagandist for fine traditions. Please ask the "five seniors" to compile teaching materials, write lectures and enter the classroom, so that the Insurance Law, the Juvenile Delinquency Law and other laws and regulations can enter the classroom.
(2) Strengthen the function of family education. Family education is the basic form of education and an important part of the whole education system. The early cultivation, long-term infection and environmental edification of family education are irreplaceable by school and social education. For parents, it is their responsibility and obligation to educate their children. It is parents' dereliction of duty to raise but not teach, and it is parents' fault to teach children badly. Therefore, families should undertake and strengthen the responsibility of disciplining minors: (1) Formulate and promulgate family education plans. The educational syllabus mainly includes family norms; Family education obligations, family education content, education methods, specific departments to supervise the implementation of the outline, and punish and restrain parents who abuse and indulge their children in evil and neglect their duties. If every family does a good job in family education, adjusts family life and family relations, especially psychological relations, and forms a good family atmosphere, then the physiology and psychology of minors will be balanced and the formation of criminal psychology will be effectively prevented. (2) Pay attention to the research and application of family pedagogy and family psychology theory, and put forward scientific methods to solve the problems in view of the defects of current family education.
(3) Strengthen the publicity of the two rights. The Law on the Protection of Minors and the Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency are two basic laws to protect the healthy growth of minors. From the legal point of view, minors belong to persons with limited capacity and persons without capacity, but enjoy the same full legal capacity as adults; Their personal rights, personality rights, honor rights, reputation rights, property rights, education rights, rest rights, freedom of communication and freedom of speech are all protected by law. No one, including parents and other guardians of minors, may infringe upon their legitimate rights and interests without legal permission. However, many parents are not aware of this, and some secretly peek at and intercept their children's letters; Some force children to act according to their own wishes; Some abuse their children at will, even imprison and imprison their children, which have seriously violated their legitimate rights and interests. Therefore, we should vigorously publicize the law on the protection of minors in order to change parents' educational concept of their children.
(4) Optimize family education. First of all, we should standardize the behavior of parents. (l) Parents should be self-respecting, self-disciplined, study, know the law, abide by the law, and do not violate the law and discipline, let alone commit crimes. (2) Parents should constantly strengthen their moral cultivation, do nothing that goes against human ethics, and prohibit alcoholism, gambling and unhealthy life, so as not to cause psychological abnormality, physiological abnormality and misunderstanding to their children. (3) Parents should pay attention to their own behavior in their daily life. When dealing with people, behave in a civilized way, and don't hurt people by speaking out. Disputes, contradictions and frictions in life should be actively resolved, thus playing a subtle guiding role in children's behavior. Second, we should pay attention to educational methods. (1) Establish a tutor consultation center. Opening a consultation hotline and hiring relevant experts as consultants is mainly to guide parents to influence and educate their children in a correct and appropriate way, answer difficult questions raised by parents and guardians about family education, and reduce deviations and mistakes in family education. (2) Give full play to the role of parent schools. Parents' schools can be run through multiple channels, and grassroots organizations such as the Youth League Committee, Women's Federation, Education Bureau, neighborhood offices and neighborhood (village) committees can encourage them to do so. Parents of families with children should regularly go to parents' schools to receive knowledge training in family education and adolescent psychology, so as to improve their own quality and educational ability. Third, we should carry out classified education. (l) Parents of non-local families generally have unstable jobs, low incomes, are busy making a living all day, live in rented houses with poor environment and chaotic management, and are relatively negligent in educating their children. Most of their children borrow books nearby, and some have no books to read at all. A large proportion of children have embarked on the road of illegal crimes. Therefore, it is very important to cultivate such parents. Evening and rest days can be used to mobilize "volunteers" and neighborhood committees, set up free or reduced capital training courses, carry out cultural education and legal education, improve their cultural level and enhance their legal concept. (2) Parents of "local" families are generally farmers who have washed their feet and ploughed fields, and they have benefited from the policy of reform and opening up. After some people have money, they idle about and do nothing, and even go whoring and gambling, valuing children over education. Educating such parents has a long way to go. With the support of neighborhood committees, family schools can be established to provide them with compulsory education, with emphasis on legal education, so as to improve their legal awareness and cultural and moral level. Fourth, we should improve the family environment. Family environment is very important for the formation of children's healthy personality. Therefore, it is very important to create a good family environment. Parents should respect each other, love each other, understand each other, pay each other, and maintain a loving relationship between husband and wife. Parents and elders should respect and understand each other. The elders should cherish the younger generation and the younger generation should be filial to the elders. Parents and neighbors should live in harmony and help each other; Parents should treat their children equally, be more considerate, less reprimanded, more concerned, less indifferent, more understanding and less bossy.
(5) Strengthen the management of foreign families. Strengthening the management of foreign families plays an important role in reducing and curbing juvenile delinquency. As foreign families generally live in rental houses, it is an important way to strengthen the inventory and management of rental houses. The public security department should establish a strict management system for rental houses within its jurisdiction, and conduct an inventory by combining routine and temporary methods. For the "three noes" teenagers without legal proof, do a good job in detention and repatriation, strengthen contact and cooperation with foreign public security departments, establish a file system for temporary residents, and curb the occurrence of illegal crimes from the "source" and system; The legitimate rights and interests of foreign families should also be protected, especially the right of children to education should be implemented; For minors who have lost family warmth, parental care and family protection, schools, streets, neighborhood committees, civil affairs departments, judicial departments and other organizations, close relatives of minors and other relevant units or individuals shall give special care, education and protection; Those who have difficulties in life should be given financial help to prevent them from committing crimes. Some of these people belong to families whose parents have divorced or died, and no one has disciplined them, which has increased the gap with their parents and let them go. This type mainly occurs in some families in rural and urban areas who are engaged in business or whose parents have low educational level, and they are all important parts of the family.
The striking feature of a broken and incomplete family is the lack of paternal love or maternal love. Research shows that he was sentenced to two years in prison for causing personal injury in a gang fight.
(3) Rough and stiff type. Once you lose one or both spouses for various reasons. The performance of incomplete families is mainly the influence of parents' low education level, poor legal concept and "money worship" They only pay attention to meeting children's material needs and ignore ideological education, or pay attention to children's academic performance and ignore ideological education, or simply let children leave school to do business. 30% children often don't go home because they do something wrong and are afraid of abuse and abuse by their parents. They live in social theft, and the children of divorced families have a harmonious relationship with their peers, alienated and indifferent to each other. Covering up children's illegal and criminal acts. Therefore, juvenile delinquency has attracted the attention of all walks of life in the world. Juvenile delinquency is a common and serious social problem faced by all countries in the world today. After dropping out of school, Xiao Chen, who divorced her parents and her adoptive mother was kicked out of the house, got mixed up, which was especially prominent in the one-child family. Indulge in bad habits.