National first-class specialty refers to a high-level specialty that plays a leading role in the development of higher education in China and has outstanding characteristics and advantages in discipline construction, teaching quality and personnel training. The selection of national first-class majors is led by the China Municipal Government, and it is determined through comprehensive evaluation of discipline construction level, teaching staff, curriculum, teaching quality, and student training achievements. Schools and majors that have won the title of national first-class specialty will enjoy a series of policy support and resource investment, which will help improve the teaching level and discipline research ability.

Double first-class is an important strategic goal of China's higher education, aiming at cultivating a number of world-class universities and a number of world-class disciplines. The double first-class plan includes two levels: universities directly under the Ministry of Education and local universities. Universities directly under the Ministry of Education refer to those directly managed by the Ministry of Education of China, and local universities refer to those affiliated to local governments. The core of the Double-first-class Plan is to improve the overall strength and discipline construction level of colleges and universities through a series of policy guidance and support.

Difference:

There are some differences between national first-class majors and double first-class majors in the evaluation object and level.

Different evaluation objects:

National first-class majors mainly evaluate the level of a single major, focusing on its outstanding characteristics and advantages in personnel training, teaching quality and discipline construction.

Double first-class focuses on the evaluation of the comprehensive strength and discipline development of the whole university, aiming at cultivating world-class universities and disciplines.

Different scope of influence:

The choice of national-level majors is usually limited to a single professional field, and its influence is relatively small.

The double-first-class plan has a wider influence, aiming at promoting the overall development of the whole university and promoting the promotion of a number of disciplines.

Differences in policy support:

The winners of national-level majors are relatively less in policy support and resource investment, mainly providing certain policy and resource support according to their own strength.

Winners of double-class projects will enjoy more policy and resource support, and the state will invest a lot of money and resources for the overall development and discipline construction of colleges and universities.

To sum up, the national first-class major pays attention to the Excellence of a single major, and the double-class plan pays more attention to the comprehensive strength and discipline development of the whole university. Both of them are important indicators to improve the level of higher education in China, and jointly promote the development and reform of higher education.