Political teaching in middle schools aims at improving middle school students' political consciousness and ideological quality. Therefore, to do a good job in political teaching, we can't ignore the understanding and grasp of students' ideological reality. Psychology is a science that specializes in the formation, change and development of human psychological phenomena. From a psychological point of view. Man's thought is the subjective reflection of the human brain on objective things, and it is the subjective spirit that a person produces in objective reality. The formation of ideas is closely related to people's feelings, emotions and ideological will, and is the result of the comprehensive action of these psychological factors. For middle school students, their cognition of objective things, the change of thoughts and feelings and the quality of will directly determine the formation and development of their ideological and moral character. Every change in their ideological and moral concepts is directly related to their understanding and grasp of political thoughts and moral beliefs. Therefore, in political teaching, if teachers can grasp the psychological changes of students in advance and consciously teach according to the reality of students' ideological views, not only can they achieve good teaching results, but it is also a development and innovation of students' ideological and political work.
2. How to apply psychology to political teaching practice in middle schools?
In the middle school political teaching, we should pay attention to the ways and means of using the relevant knowledge and experience of psychology. Specifically, we should work hard in the following aspects.
2. 1 In political teaching, teachers should be passionate.
Emotion is a relatively advanced psychological factor, which refers to people's likes and dislikes of objective things. Although it is an inner experience, it has a strong sociality. From the perspective of human cognitive structure, emotion is formed in long-term cognitive activities, which is the most important content and the most active and constant factor in cognitive structure. It is precisely because of the existence of emotional factors that the communication between people will present complex characteristics. It is also because of the existence of emotional factors that people can realize psychological communication. Strong emotions can play a role in soothing emotions, inspiring people and inspiring people. Therefore, the input of teaching emotion in political teaching is the prerequisite for the success of moral education. In today's complicated social life, middle school students' emotions are complicated and changeable, especially with the development of social economy, and their material living conditions are becoming more and more superior, so they are easily influenced by the external environment. At present, middle school students have shown various problems in their thoughts and feelings. For example, because of his arrogant personality, he often has conflicts with his parents, teachers and classmates in his life; When their wishes and needs are met, they rejoice, but when they are not met, they are pessimistic and disappointed; Due to the complicated family education and school teaching, their emotions are polarized, some are too outgoing and lively, while others are extremely introverted and autistic; Due to the excessive development of self-awareness, they generally have strong self-esteem, but they lack the necessary self-confidence and it is difficult to form trust in society and others.
When psychology is applied to politics teaching in middle schools, we should give full play to the filtering and catalytic role of emotional factors in education and teaching. This requires teachers to devote themselves to the teaching process with strong emotions and change the traditional teaching political concept. In high school politics teaching, teachers should pay very warm emotions and influence students' learning enthusiasm with their positive emotions. At the same time, teachers should communicate with students frequently to make political teaching directional. Because only through emotional communication with students can we understand their thoughts in time, stimulate their emotions, cultivate their quality and shape their will.
2.2 We should respect the law of cognition and accurately grasp the students' ideological reality.
People's cognitive activities are regular. It comes from social practice and is a development process from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge. With the development of the times, all kinds of information are changing rapidly in the modern social era, and all kinds of ideas are pouring in. Middle school students are in the mature period of physiology and psychology. Without correct ideological guidance, they will be confused or biased in thinking about some complex problems in society. As ideological and political workers, middle school teachers should always stand at the height of the times and accurately understand the reality of the ideological changes and development of middle school students under the new situation. This requires us not only to master solid teaching theory, appropriate educational methods and keen insight, but also to proceed from objective reality and respect the law of middle school students' psychological development process. Proceed from reality, give them timely and effective guidance, correct their deviation in basic understanding, and turn their inner beliefs into a scientific track. Sometimes students who are confused or stubborn should take the initiative to understand their ideas and have heart-to-heart communication with them.
Respect for the law of cognition requires an accurate grasp of students' ideological reality. In actual teaching, we need to do the following: First, we should seek truth from facts. Second, we should realize interactive teaching. Thirdly, arouse students' initiative and stimulate their subjective consciousness.
2.3 Learn to stimulate students' interest and meet their needs.
First of all, we should understand what interests and needs are. Interest is a psychological factor caused by people's cognitive needs. It embodies people's selective understanding of objective things, which is directly manifested as a positive tendency to a certain thing and activity. Interest will always be expressed in a specific form, and a person's interest is often related to his own needs for things. It includes direct demand and indirect demand. When we are interested in something, we will take the initiative to approach it and actively participate in related activities with great enthusiasm. What needs to be reflected is the objective needs of people in physiology and psychology. When a person has a certain demand, he will take the initiative to produce a subjective desire and motivation to meet this demand, and this desire and motivation will often eventually turn into practical action. Therefore, interest is a cognitive choice, while need is the basis and root of behavior, and it is the direct motivation for people to engage in specific activities.
Through the analysis, we can see that interest and need play a positive role in promoting people's life practice. Similarly, in middle school politics teaching, if we can fully understand and effectively stimulate students' interest and meet their diverse needs, then we can encourage them to form noble motives and change their original ideas about political education courses. The needs of students vary widely, but we can divide the diverse needs into two categories, namely material needs and spiritual needs. As far as the needs of middle school students are concerned, it is mainly reflected in the students' demand for knowledge, the pursuit of honor and the demand for physical exercise. Schools and teachers should correctly treat these needs of students, because these are positive and reasonable. Only by respecting these needs can ideological and political education lay a solid ideological foundation. Undeniably, there are still some problems to be solved in actual education and teaching. Many times, teachers can't correctly treat some needs of students. For example, some teachers think that students' ideas are unrealistic and overemphasize objective reasons and personal interests. So they are bored and indifferent to some demands put forward by students. This kind of random veto without serious consideration not only hinders the normal solution of students' needs, but also easily leads to students' distrust of teachers. Therefore, in middle school politics teaching, we should learn to correctly analyze students' actual needs, try our best to meet reasonable requirements, and do a good job in demand transformation. Unreasonable demands should be restricted and denied by policies, decrees, laws and regulations in time. It should be pointed out that while meeting the reasonable needs of students, we should be good at transforming students' knowledge needs and talent needs into their own needs, forming the internal motivation of the group and giving full play to students' subjective initiative in knowledge learning.