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Health education for patients with chronic obstructive emphysema
Health education for patients with chronic obstructive emphysema

Usually, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease suffer from long-term illness, and their personal labor ability is almost lost, and their family burden is heavy, which leads to depression and even depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and their ideological pressure is great.

In the process of clinical nursing, the recovery of chronic obstructive emphysema needs the joint efforts of medical staff, patients and their families. This paper discusses the application of health education in the nursing of patients with chronic obstructive emphysema, and studies and analyzes the health education needed in the daily nursing process, hoping to have certain guiding significance for the clinical nursing of chronic obstructive emphysema.

Health education; Chronic obstructive emphysema; Patient care

Chronic obstructive emphysema is a chronic and long-term lung disease. The main symptoms of this disease are expectoration and dyspnea, which seriously reduces the living ability and happiness of patients. Health education for patients is helpful to prevent the disease from getting worse, help patients recover their health scientifically and quickly, and improve their quality of life.

1 the concept of chronic obstructive emphysema

Chronic obstructive emphysema (COPD) is a pathological change of respiratory system, which generally refers to the pathological state that the lung tissue at the distal end of respiratory bronchioles continues to expand due to the increase of residual air volume, accompanied by the destruction of alveolar septa, which weakens the elasticity of lung tissue and increases its volume. Chronic obstructive emphysema can be divided into localized obstructive emphysema and diffuse obstructive emphysema. Clinically, mild symptoms are cough and expectoration, severe symptoms are dyspnea and shortness of breath, while patients' bodies are emaciation and fatigue. Chronic obstructive emphysema mostly occurs in the elderly with high mortality. Although chronic obstructive emphysema is a chronic disease, it needs to be sent to hospital for treatment when the condition is acute, and you can apply to go home for rest when the condition is relieved.

2. Application of health education in nursing care of patients with obstructive emphysema.

2. 1 Avoid inhaling harmful gases.

Chronic obstructive emphysema is mainly caused by chronic bronchitis injury caused by unfavorable factors in contact with the environment. The unfavorable factors that patients often contact in daily life include smoking, air pollution, wound infection, occupational inhalation of dust and harmful gases, allergies and so on. Some scholars have shown that smokers are more likely to cause chronic obstructive emphysema, so actively encouraging patients to reduce smoking or even quit smoking is of positive significance for the rapid rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive emphysema. In addition, due to the deterioration of the environment in recent years, especially the serious air pollution, long-term discharge of factory exhaust gas, automobile exhaust gas and harmful dust in the atmosphere will induce and aggravate chronic obstructive emphysema. Therefore, patients with chronic obstructive emphysema should try to avoid contact with harmful gases and allergic components. In addition, medical staff and patients should pay attention to keep the appropriate humidity and temperature in the ward and ventilate the ward regularly. In addition, we should also inform the adverse effects of drinking and urge conscious patients to give up drinking.

2.2 Long-term family oxygen therapy

Long-term family oxygen therapy is helpful to relieve the symptoms of chronic obstructive emphysema, help repair cell damage and improve the quality of life of patients. Regardless of hypercapnia, patients can be advised to take home oxygen therapy, generally using nasal catheter to absorb oxygen. The oxygen flow rate should be kept at 1.5-25Lm/in, and the oxygen inhalation time should not be shorter than Qiao He. In particular, it is necessary to replace the humidification bottle and oxygen delivery tube after oxygen inhalation every day to avoid oxygen therapy infection. According to scholars' research, ltot is helpful to improve patients' mood and relieve their illness. Judging from the actual oxygen therapy, patients can't insist on oxygen therapy for a long time because of its troublesome operation and high cost. Medical staff should communicate and guide patients before discharge, emphasize the necessity and importance of home oxygen therapy, and educate patients and their families on oxygen safety to ensure the treatment safety of patients during home oxygen therapy.

2.3 to help patients with physical rehabilitation training.

For patients with chronic obstructive emphysema, rehabilitation training is helpful to restore lung health, improve respiratory ability, improve the disease resistance and immunity of respiratory tract, and thus improve the life ability and quality of life of patients. Rehabilitation training can include helping patients to expectorate, promoting the recovery of patients' conditioned reflex ability and keeping the respiratory tract clean and unobstructed; In the case of dyspnea, instructing patients to breathe with contracted lips is beneficial to overcome dyspnea; The recovery and exercise of whole body muscles mainly need to exercise patients' respiratory muscles. Specific exercise programs can include walking, going up and down stairs, abdominal breathing, etc. The intensity of the whole recovery training should not be too large and the training time should not be too long. Let the patient not be too tired, but also be relaxed and happy. When you resume training, you should choose parks or suburbs with good air quality for exercise, and it is best to choose the evening with relatively good air quality. During training, clothes should be appropriately increased or decreased in combination with temperature, humidity and humidity to avoid respiratory infection. At the same time, attention should be paid to avoiding allergens when resuming training. If the outdoor environment is not suitable for outdoor training, it should be moved indoors for recovery training.

2.4 Adopt appropriate atomizing inhalation method.

In general, due to the slow and shallow breathing of patients with chronic obstructive emphysema, it is difficult for drug mist to enter the deep respiratory tract when using conventional atomization inhalation method, and the treatment effect is limited. Our medical staff should advise patients to take slow, deep and intermittent abdominal breathing for atomizing inhalation.

2.5 reasonable diet aftercare.

Usually, many patients with chronic obstructive emphysema suffer from malnutrition at the same time, which is not conducive to the recovery of patients' health, so it is very important to provide nutritional care for patients with a reasonable diet. Relevant data show that eating more non-protein foods mainly containing lipids can reduce the production of CO2 and reduce the ventilation pressure. Pay attention to the intake of high fat and calories in the diet, control the intake of protein at the same time, and eat more foods rich in vitamins and easy to digest.

2.6 Emotional counseling

Usually, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease suffer from long-term illness, and their personal labor ability is almost lost, and their family burden is heavy, which leads to depression and even depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and their ideological pressure is great. Our hospital needs to always be caring and attentive to patients and guide their families to spend more time with them. Promote communication between patients with chronic obstructive emphysema, relax patients' emotions, establish a positive attitude and promote patients' rehabilitation. Conclusion Health education for patients with chronic obstructive emphysema can largely avoid the problems in the process of treatment and nursing. Specifically, health guidance can be provided by avoiding inhaling harmful gases, carrying out long-term home oxygen therapy, helping patients to carry out physical rehabilitation training, adopting appropriate atomization inhalation methods, carrying out reasonable diet recuperation, and conducting emotional counseling. I hope it will be helpful to the rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive emphysema in clinical practice.

refer to

Lei Yin, 1. Fundamentals of Nursing (3rd Edition) [M]. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2004:40.

Zhu Yuanqi, edited by Chen Wenlin. Respiratory diseases [M]. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2003:877-89 1.

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