The founder of the Confucian school was born in Qufu, Shandong Province (now Qufu, Shandong Province) at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and the world respectfully called him Confucius. Juvenile poverty; In his later years, he was a scout of Lu, lobbying for other countries. In his later years, he set up a private school in Xingtan, his hometown, and taught his disciples widely. There are 3000 students, including 72 famous schools. Centered on Confucius' theory, a Confucian school with complete system, large scale and far-reaching influence has gradually formed. The core of Confucian ethics is "benevolence" and "courtesy", which means that "love" means "benevolence" and "self-denial means benevolence". Ceremony is one of the systems of governing the country, that is, "ceremony serves the country", and it is also a code of conduct, that is, "standing on ceremony". People will degenerate to "see no evil, don't listen to evil, don't speak evil, don't move evil". Benevolence is the purpose of Confucian governance, and propriety is the means of Confucian governance. The core of the world outlook is the concept of "destiny". Confucianism inherited the concept of destiny since the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, and believed that heaven dominated the operation of nature and the fortunes of the world, that is, the so-called "life and death are in heaven". Therefore, Confucius not only took life as his benevolence, but also warned people to "fear destiny". Talk about Jun Jun, ministers, fathers and sons, and regard the Three Cardinals and the Five Permanent Principles as the code of conduct for regulating people. The focus of moral education is "benevolence" and "righteousness", and the disciples of Confucian education should take benevolence as the aim and be "people with lofty ideals". It is believed that a gentleman should restrain himself and cultivate his morality in order to restore the ritual system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. If so, the world will return to kindness. A gentleman should cultivate himself, devote himself to benevolence, and do not violate benevolence at any meal time; Benevolence is a real thing, and for those who pretend to be pleasing, the quality of benevolence is minimal. Tracing back to the source, the essence of benevolence is "filial piety". Disciples of Confucian education should have a deep understanding of righteousness and have the courage to take responsibility. It is believed that a gentleman should take righteousness as the noblest moral character and righteousness as the foundation of self-cultivation; A gentleman should be "righteous" when he is an official, and carry out his own ideas through righteousness. Confucianism advocates "learning officials", but despises manual labor. Some Confucians asked to learn agricultural gardens, but Confucius dismissed them as villains. Many inventions in the field of education. Educational thought advocates "teaching without distinction" and "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude"; The teaching methods are "learning while learning" and "reviewing the old and learning the new", and the combination of learning and thinking is advocated. People think that if you only study without thinking, you will get nothing. As long as you don't study, you will still be confused. Confucian works include Yi, Shi, Shu, Li, Chunqiu and The Analects of Confucius. Since then, from the end of the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, Confucianism has gradually divided into many factions, including Confucianism, Confucianism, Confucianism, Confucianism, Confucianism, Confucianism, Confucianism, Confucianism, Confucianism, Confucianism, Confucianism and Confucianism. Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. In order to meet the needs of feudal rule in the preparation period, Confucianism successively deduced various timely Confucian theories from Confucius' theories. For example, in the Han Dynasty, there were modern classical Confucian classics and divination represented by Dong Zhongshu and Liu Xin. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, metaphysics represented by Wang Bi and He An appeared. During the Song and Ming Dynasties, there were Neo-Confucianism represented by Er Cheng, Zhu, Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Shouren. There was a dispute between Sinology and Song Studies in the early Qing Dynasty, and there was a dispute between Confucian classics and ancient prose in the middle and late Qing Dynasty. Around the May 4th Movement, with the decline of feudal society, Confucianism lost its orthodox position. However, as Confucianism dominated China's academic thoughts for more than two years and became the main body of China's feudal culture, Confucian classics preserved "rich national cultural heritage" for future generations.

Humanism refers to a philosophical trend of thought and world outlook in which social values tend to care about people's individuality, emphasize the maintenance of people's dignity, advocate tolerance, oppose violence, and advocate freedom, equality and self-worth. The word humanism actually appeared very late. It comes from the Latin humanitas, which was used by Cicero, an ancient Roman writer. Philosophers in the German Enlightenment collectively called human nature, while humanists at that time called themselves humanists. The word humanism only appeared in 1808.

Humanism is the core idea of the Renaissance, the anti-feudal social ideological trend of the emerging bourgeoisie and the initial form of bourgeois humanism. It affirms human nature and human value, demands to enjoy the joy of the world, demands human personality liberation, freedom and equality, and respects people's perceptual experience and rational thinking. Humanism, as a historical concept, refers to the concept that was mainly used to describe the more advanced ideas in the Middle Ages from 14 to 16 in the history of European philosophy. Generally speaking, today's historians call the cultural and social changes in this period the Renaissance, while the educational reform movement is called humanism.

On the other hand, there is no unified definition of humanism. Because many different people call themselves or are called humanists, their views on the world and people may be quite different. Some humanistic ideas are very contradictory. Among liberal democracy, Marxism–Leninism and Protestant or Catholic schools of thought, there are humanistic schools. Even in ancient Rome, there was a humanistic trend of thought that can be called today. Humanism at that time was of course very different from that of the Renaissance or the Enlightenment. The humanism of Johann Wolfgang Goethe and Friedrich Schiller is usually called historicism, while that of william von humboldt is completely different from that of the Enlightenment. Renaissance philosophy is regarded as the basis of thought, while Humboldt's science is regarded as the basis of thought.

Humanism is a philosophical theory and a world outlook. Humanism is based on the interests, values and dignity of people, especially individuals. For humanitarianism, tolerance, non-violence and freedom of thought among people are the most important principles for people to get along with each other.

Modern humanism began in the Enlightenment, in which humanism was regarded as the answer to moral problems independent of religion. In the humanism of the Enlightenment, the supernatural explanation was generally ignored, and people called this humanism "secular humanism".