Confucius' distant ancestor was a noble in the Song Dynasty, descended from the Yin royal family, and moved to Lu to avoid chaos. My father, Uncle Liang Gan, was a samurai at that time, famous for his bravery, and probably worked as a doctor in the city of Lu. Mother Yan, whose name is in. The Historical Records of Confucius' Family records the birth year of Confucius as the 22nd year of Duke Xiang of Lu (55 1 year BC), but the Historical Records does not record the birth year of Confucius, and the Spring and Autumn Annals of Liang records it as "October Gengzi", and the Gregorian calendar should be September 28th.
When Confucius was three years old, his father died and his family came down. When he was young, he worked as a courtier and funeral undertaker, as well as a "Commissioner" who managed warehouses for others and a "farmer" who looked after pastures. Later, he recalled, "I was mean when I was young, but Hu could do more despicable things." (The Analects of Confucius Zi Han) Unfortunate family circumstances and hardships of life made Confucius know about life very early.
Confucius told himself that he was determined to study at the age of fifteen. From the age of fifteen, he made clear the purpose and direction of learning, and systematically engaged in the study of etiquette, music, shooting, bending, calligraphy and mathematics. He learned nothing from his teacher. It is said that he once paid tribute to Lao Dan and was willing to learn from Changhong and the piano from his teacher. He never tires of learning, and his fellow villagers all praise him as "knowledgeable" At the age of 30, he began to participate in social and political life independently and set up a private school to give lectures. Yan Yuan, Luz, Ran Boniu, Zi Gong and You Ran were early disciples of Confucius and the first batch of educators who enrolled students on a large scale in the history of China. The establishment of private schools broke the tradition of "learning in the official" since the Western Zhou Dynasty, promoted the downward movement of academic culture at that time, and was conducive to the spread of culture and the development of education.
After the age of 50, Confucius embarked on the road of politics. He once served as commander-in-chief in Lu (in charge of engineering construction), director (in charge of judicial prison) and (in his capacity, attended the monarch's meeting at that time). At the age of fifty-five, Confucius abandoned his official position because of his disagreement with the ruler. He took his disciples between Wei, Chen, Cao, Song, Zheng and Cai, lobbied in front of the governors and publicized his political views. As a result, he was frustrated everywhere.
After traveling around the world for 14 years, Confucius returned to Shandong, and Ji Kangzi often asked each other about politics, but it was useless. In his later years, besides engaging in educational activities, he also devoted himself to sorting out cultural classics of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. At the age of 73, Confucius died of illness and was buried in Surabaya, north of Lucheng.