Curriculum system of mental health education in higher vocational colleges based on quality education

The course of mental health education bears the heavy responsibility of psychological quality education for all higher vocational students. It is a system that combines generality and individuality with compulsory or compulsory courses, elective courses, special lectures and psychological training courses. To construct this curriculum system, the key problems to be solved at present are the change of ideas, the preparation of teachers and the innovation of curriculum content and form.

Keywords: quality education; Psychological quality; Mental health education; Higher vocational students; Curriculum system

The general office of the Ministry of Education clearly points out the main contents of college students' mental health education on the issuance of the Notice: first, publicize and popularize the basic knowledge of psychological science; The second is to train psychological adjustment skills and provide methods to maintain mental health and improve psychological quality; The third is to recognize and identify psychological abnormalities; Fourthly, according to the psychological characteristics of students in different stages, levels, disciplines and special groups of university life, psychological health education should be implemented in a targeted manner. [1] This shows that college students' mental health education is not based on? The main starting point is to solve the psychological problems of college students, eliminate psychological obstacles or crisis intervention, but improve the psychological quality of all students? [2] Higher vocational students' mental health education is no exception. Mental health education course is the main channel of psychological quality education for higher vocational students.

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The narrow concept of quality is in the physiological and psychological sense, that is? Genetic quality? . The broad concept of quality is in the sense of pedagogy, referring to people? A relatively stable basic quality structure formed by the combination of innate genetic endowment, acquired environmental influence and educational function? . [3] People's quality includes three parts. First, natural quality, also known as physiological quality or physical quality, is a series of physiological characteristics that people are born with. The second is psychological quality, which is an alloy of nature and nurture. It is based on people's natural quality and gradually developed under the influence of acquired environment, education and practical activities. The third is social quality. It is formed purely in the process of people's adaptation and transformation of society, and it is a concentrated expression of human sociality. [4] People's natural quality, psychological quality and social quality interact, penetrate, restrict and promote each other, among which psychological quality is the intermediary. ? Psychological quality is a comprehensive reflection of a person's personality, psychological ability, psychological motivation, mental health and psychogenic behavior. ? [5] Psychological quality is between natural quality and social quality, which is the core factor of people's overall quality, the internal driving force for the formation of people's overall quality, and the internal basis for connecting all parts of people's quality to become the main body of dynamic development. Psychological quality also restricts the improvement of human natural quality and the formation and development of social quality. Adhering to people-oriented and implementing quality education in an all-round way means facing all students, taking the healthy growth of students as the starting point and destination, and promoting the all-round development of students as the goal and destination of education. Psychological quality training is an important part of quality education for higher vocational students, and it is also a basic part.

In school education, the cultivation of students' quality is first realized through courses. In the current curriculum system of higher vocational colleges, the cultivation of students' natural quality is based on compulsory physical education class, and the cultivation of social quality, including ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality, professional and professional quality, is also undertaken by corresponding curriculum system. In contrast, the mental health education curriculum, which undertakes the task of cultivating students' psychological quality, does not have a complete curriculum system in most higher vocational colleges. The obvious lag of students' psychological quality education is an important reason for the unbalanced development of higher vocational students' quality. For a long time, the mental health education in higher vocational colleges has focused on the prevention and correction of students' mental diseases, and paid insufficient attention to the improvement of the psychological quality of all higher vocational students. In the construction of curriculum system, most vocational colleges only offer some elective courses and special lectures, which has many disadvantages: First, many students do not pay enough attention to the elective courses of mental health education because of their different understanding of the importance of compulsory courses and elective courses; Second, due to the huge differences in class hours, teachers and elective students, it is difficult to establish effective logical connections between various elective courses in mental health education, which is not conducive to students systematically mastering mental health knowledge and methods and greatly reduces the effect of cultivating students' good psychological quality; Thirdly, due to the limitation of elective places, most students can't get psychological quality training through the classroom; Fourth, the large number of classes makes it difficult to take care of different psychological needs, organize effective teacher-student interaction and carry out high-quality psychological training activities; Fifth, due to the low popularity of psychological knowledge, students generally misunderstand mental health education, and their enthusiasm for participating in psychological lectures is also greatly affected. Mental health education is education in essence, focusing on the healthy development of students' psychology. The construction of curriculum system can better reflect the educational essence of mental health education.

Mental health education for higher vocational students should be oriented to quality cultivation and belong to the curriculum? Quality education courses? Module, undertake the task of cultivating students' psychological quality education. The goal of mental health education course is: to face all higher vocational students, follow their psychological development law and individual psychological characteristics, cultivate their good psychological quality purposefully, planned and step by step, adjust their psychological functions, develop their psychological potential, prevent and reduce the occurrence of psychological problems, continuously improve their psychological adaptability and endurance, and improve their psychological adjustment level and psychological activity state level. In terms of knowledge learning objectives, students are required to understand the standards and significance of mental health, the relevant theories of mental health, familiar with common psychological problems and their prevention, and master the methods and ways of psychological self-help; In the aspect of ability training, we should focus on developing students' life adaptability, learning and innovation ability, self-cognition ability, interpersonal communication and cooperation ability, emotional self-management ability, personality self-education and crisis coping ability, and effectively develop students' self-development potential; In terms of emotional and behavioral goals, it is mainly to cultivate students' enthusiasm for study and life, so that students can form a positive attitude towards life, develop good life and study habits and a correct concept of mental health. [6] These goals can be achieved through a complete and systematic mental health education curriculum system.

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The mental health education courses for higher vocational students can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. What does the narrow sense of mental health education course for higher vocational students mean? Mental health education for higher vocational students? This course. What does the broad sense of college students' mental health education course mean? Mental health education for higher vocational students? Curriculum group and curriculum system with curriculum as the core. This is a curriculum system combining generality with individuality, which not only meets the needs of all higher vocational students for the popularization of mental health knowledge, but also meets the special needs of different students for psychological knowledge and skills. This curriculum system should include the following components: first, compulsory or compulsory courses; Second, elective courses; The third is a special lecture on hot issues; The fourth is the psychological training course.

Offering compulsory or compulsory courses in mental health education is to realize the transformation from local mental health education to comprehensive quality education in higher vocational colleges.

Paying attention to the treatment of individual psychological diseases is the key link to promote the all-round development of students' body and mind. As an important part of quality education, mental health education in higher vocational colleges needs to be geared to all vocational students, so that all vocational students can really enjoy the benefits of mental health education. Compulsory courses or compulsory courses are the best form. Compulsory or compulsory courses of mental health education are included in the school teaching plan, with clear educational objectives, syllabus and teaching standards, relatively high teaching requirements, which can be valued by the school in curriculum construction and guaranteed teaching quality, unlike optional courses. The unified arrangement of teaching according to students' grades and majors can ensure that all students receive mental health education, popularize psychology and mental health knowledge to the maximum extent, help students understand the important significance of mental health to their growth, introduce ways and means to improve mental health, improve their personality, develop their psychological potential, and lay a good psychological quality foundation for students' future career success and happiness. At the same time, because the compulsory course of mental health education can cover all higher vocational students, it is also conducive to eliminating students' fear of psychological problems and misunderstanding of students with psychological problems, awakening students' awareness of psychological help, narrowing the distance between mental health educators and students in higher vocational colleges, paving the way for individual psychological counseling, students' psychological crisis intervention and other mental health education work.

The elective course of mental health education for higher vocational students is mainly to meet the different needs of different students for mental health education. Based on students' basic knowledge of psychology and mental health, the course of mental health education, in the form of elective courses, can provide more in-depth education on certain aspects of psychology and mental health knowledge according to students' interests and needs and the situation of psychological education teachers in higher vocational colleges, such as interpersonal psychology, management psychology, social psychology, success psychology, love and sex psychology, professional psychology and adolescent psychology, so as to meet students' diversified needs for psychology and mental health knowledge.

Hot courses of mental health education for higher vocational students can appear in the form of special lectures. On the one hand, the setting of hot courses can combine students' psychological state, psychological hot spots and psychological needs, on the other hand, it can combine the activities of education departments and student management departments at all levels. Such as life education, psychological crisis intervention, poverty, dormitory relationship and other topics, are not only hot psychological problems of higher vocational students, but also problems repeatedly emphasized by education management departments at all levels; Like combination? 525? I love me? Various themes of mental health education publicity month; Combined with the annual organization of national, provincial and municipal education departments? College students' career planning contest? Related topics of the organization and so on. Because of its timeliness, this kind of course conforms to the psychological reality and needs of higher vocational students, and is helpful to higher vocational students in time and effectively, which will be very popular among students.

If the compulsory courses, elective courses and special lectures of mental health education focus more on the teaching of mental health knowledge and methods, then the psychological training courses focus more on the change of students' thinking mode, the adjustment of emotions and the shaping of behavior, which is more practical, applicable and targeted. There is a common problem among college students, especially in higher vocational colleges. One is to set up psychological training courses for higher vocational students according to the specific problems of specific students, such as setting up emotional adjustment activities courses for students with emotional problems; Providing interpersonal training courses for students with interpersonal problems; Offering self-confidence training courses for students with low self-esteem and lack of self-confidence; Provide group counseling and therapy courses for students with severe anxiety or depression. The second is to meet the specific requirements of students in the development of psychological potential and psychological quality, such as speech training, leadership training, willpower training, quality development and other courses.

Compulsory courses, elective courses, special lectures and psychological training courses of mental health education constitute the curriculum system of mental health education for higher vocational students, and all parts of the system cooperate with each other and complement each other. The good operation of this network and system can not only optimize students' psychological quality and promote the comprehensive and coordinated development of students' quality, but also open the way for students' psychological crisis intervention and the smooth and effective prevention and correction of students' psychological problems.

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At present, there are still several key problems to be solved in the construction of the curriculum system of mental health education for higher vocational students.

First, change ideas, promote quality education in a down-to-earth manner, and really attach importance to the cultivation of psychological quality of higher vocational students. This requires the leaders of higher vocational colleges to understand the work of mental health education from the perspective of quality education, position this work at the height of improving students' psychological quality and cultivating all-round talents, and strengthen their leadership over this work. Completely change the work of mental health education? What you say is important, what you do is secondary. Are you busy? This situation has completely changed the old idea that mental health education is only aimed at a few students with psychological problems, and shifted the attention from? Corrective mental health education? More investment? Developmental mental health education? , to? Developmental mental health education? Mainly? Corrective mental health education? Planning the mental health education in higher vocational colleges on the principle of "supplement", paying attention to the mental health development, personality perfection and psychological potential development of all higher vocational students, so that mental health education can serve the growth of all higher vocational students.

Second, we should focus on the long-term, reserve strength, and establish a high-quality mental health education team in higher vocational colleges. Mental health education, like other teaching work, is a highly professional work. The establishment of a relatively stable and high-quality mental health education team with full-time teachers as the backbone and full-time complementary professions is an indispensable guarantee for the construction of the curriculum system of college students' mental health education. This is a long-term work, which requires long-term planning, long-term discussion and gradual implementation. On the one hand, for the existing mental health education staff, higher vocational colleges should be able to prepare necessary working conditions for them, solve their work difficulties, actively support their work, and at the same time be willing to spend money on training, so that they can obtain professional growth. On the other hand, higher vocational colleges should absorb more graduate students majoring in psychology, pedagogy and human resources to enrich the team of counselors, so as to prepare talents for the further development of mental health education for higher vocational students and the systematic opening of mental health education courses.

Thirdly, it is necessary to intensify research and deepen the reform of curriculum content and form, so as to make the mental health education curriculum more effective, operable and attractive. At present, with the deepening of quality education, students need to learn more and more content, which forms a prominent contradiction between teaching content and teaching hours. In order to emphasize professional quality education, some higher vocational colleges have continuously compressed the content of non-professional education. Although some colleges attach importance to quality education, they lack research, which leads to the lack of scientific curriculum. In this context, it can be said that it is difficult for mental health education courses to get their due seats in the curriculum system of higher vocational colleges, which requires that mental health education courses in higher vocational colleges must work hard on the necessity and effectiveness. It is necessary to strengthen research and determine the content of curriculum system and the internal level and proportion of mental health education curriculum system from the actual situation of psychological quality training of higher vocational students and the actual situation of school curriculum; It is necessary to increase the research on the relationship between moral education and mental health education, explore the ways of complementary functions of moral education and mental health education in higher vocational colleges, and avoid the repetition of the educational contents of the two courses;

It is necessary to increase the research on the internal structure of various mental health education courses in higher vocational colleges, so that the course content can be truly combined with students' reality, meet students' psychological needs, and avoid forming new learning burdens for students; It is necessary to increase the research on teaching methods of mental health education, constantly innovate teaching forms, pay attention to the application of mental health knowledge and students' psychological experience, pay attention to the cultivation of students' healthy personality characteristics, mobilize students' self-education ability, and enhance the attraction and effect of mental health education courses.

With the deepening of quality education and the transformation of college students' mental health education concept, working mode and teaching method, it is becoming more and more inevitable for higher vocational colleges to construct the curriculum system of mental health education. Strengthening the research and practice of this problem will certainly promote the development of talent training in higher vocational colleges and create a good psychological atmosphere for the stability and harmony of higher vocational colleges.

References:

People's Republic of China (PRC) (China) Ministry of Education. Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Education on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Outline of College Students' Mental Health Education (Trial) [EB/OL]. /, 2007-02-0 1.

[2] Jiang Lin. The practical value and realization of college students' mental health education [J]. Journal of Huainan Teachers College, 2006 (3): 103.

[3] Pan Maoyuan. On quality education [J]. Xinhua Abstract, 1998 (2): 168.

[4] Yan. On psychological quality and education [J]. Yunmeng Journal, 2000 (3): 72.

[5] Xiao Shiyuan. The structure of psychological quality and its internal and external relations [J]. China Education News, 1999 (4): 27.

[6] He Jinjun. Exploration on the overall practice of mental health education curriculum for higher vocational students [J]. Education and occupation, 2009 (15): 136.

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