Teaching is based on students' original cognitive structure, and the contents of teaching materials are differentiated layer by layer, and a knowledge network is constructed to stimulate students' interest in learning.

First, specifically, teachers are required to fully understand students' original cognitive level, pay attention to the connection between old and new knowledge, and fully reveal the differences and connections between old and new knowledge by using appropriate methods, so as to promote the new with the old and replace the old with the new to help students master and understand knowledge.

Secondly, according to the principle of continuous differentiation and comprehensive integration put forward by Ausubel, teachers can design teaching links and arrange teaching contents on the basis of determining the characteristics of students' cognitive structure, so as to enhance students' learning, retention, transfer and application of knowledge.

Third, teachers should try to combine the characteristics of the subject, scientifically arrange teaching materials, and adopt various methods in teaching to stimulate students' curiosity and interest in learning, and help them effectively establish the connection between old and new knowledge.