On improving students' practical ability

With the continuous advancement of curriculum reform in China's higher vocational colleges and the requirements of employers for the practical ability of higher vocational students, Key words:

"Education must be based on the development of students. To this end, we must advocate new learning methods today, namely autonomous learning, cooperative learning and inquiry learning. " The process of students' learning is not that students passively absorb the ready-made conclusions in textbooks, but that students personally participate in rich and vivid thinking activities and experience a process of practice and innovation. At the same time, it should be noted that although exploratory and discovery learning is one of the main learning styles of students, it is not the whole connotation of school learning style. The main purpose of changing students' learning style is to cultivate their innovative consciousness and practical ability. In other words, it is necessary to construct learning methods and corresponding teaching methods aimed at cultivating innovative spirit and practical ability. We should actively guide students to engage in experimental activities and practical activities, cultivate students' awareness and habits of being willing to start work and diligent in practice, and effectively improve students' practical ability and practical ability. In order to make higher vocational students better master the contents of various majors and give consideration to their knowledge and ability, besides learning the basic theory well, it is the key to cultivate students' practical ability to construct good teaching methods in the skill practice of corresponding majors.

First, strengthen interest cultivation and guidance to help students build confidence.

As the saying goes, "Interest is the best teacher". As soon as higher vocational students enter school, they know almost nothing about their major, which is a good opportunity to cultivate students' interest. We might as well coach people after class: first, set up an interest group and give some simple propositions at the beginning, in order to stimulate self-confidence and cultivate students' interest, give more affirmation. The content of the proposition ranges from simple to complex, from knowledge to creativity. When making a proposition, pay attention to choice, give full consideration to interest and practicality, and improve students' interest in participation. Teachers should analyze problems with students, find out the causes of problems and improve students' ability to solve problems. After the completion of the proposition, students' products or works can be displayed, which will set an example and have a positive effect. Second, students can be guided to read some.

Relevant newspapers and magazines to broaden students' horizons. Students can also be encouraged to search related web pages on the Internet, learn about the relevant knowledge of industry development and professional development, broaden their knowledge, and help cultivate students' innovative ability. Third, in teaching practice, students can be encouraged to start from the aspects around them. With the accumulation of maintenance experience, students can be encouraged to provide voluntary service outside school to improve their professional skills and social adaptability. Students experience the joy of success in practice, which is conducive to improving their learning enthusiasm. Fourth, teachers should lead by example, take part in some useful practical activities, improve their professional level, explain their experiences to students, and keep students' interest and brain activities for a long time.

Second, combine target education with incentive mechanism to cultivate a good attitude.

"Without pressure, there is no motivation", so we should strengthen target education when cultivating students' practical ability. When students are under pressure, they will be motivated to change from study to study. When I first came into contact with practice, I had a timid question because I was unfamiliar. At this time, as a teacher, we should strengthen guidance, not only give students the necessary safety education, but also encourage students to do more. For students with outstanding skills or achievements in each internship, let their completed projects serve as a model for the next internship and set an example among students. In this way, it is a better education for students with poor grades; On the other hand, we should pay attention to persuading some students of their "aggressive" ideas and guide them to carry out practical training step by step, so as not to seek quick results and cause personal injury accidents.

Three, establish grading standards and strict requirements, improve production technology.

In practice, the standards and requirements of each major are different. In order to improve the evaluation of their achievements, it is necessary to establish a grading standard, which is based on the standards and norms of professional skills, students' independent analysis and operation, and the cultivation of students' rigorous scientific learning attitude. Taking the installation of voice-controlled doorbell as an example, in order to make it easy for students to accept, students can be asked to review its working principle and draw its wiring diagram according to the circuit. First, only wiring is needed. The main purpose is to enable students to assemble correctly. When assembling, the process should be strictly required and further standardized through the scoring standard. At the end of the production, there may be power failure among students. At this time, students can be encouraged to carefully analyze the fault and try to find out the fault point. A simple 10,000 yuan is enough.

Measure with the resistance file in the table and find it according to the analysis. It is also possible for several students to analyze common faults together until the fault point is found out, so that students can feel the pride of success, which is conducive to students' self-confidence and correct treatment of the next internship. For typical faults, teachers can analyze them with the whole class, find out the reasons and avoid making them again, which is very helpful to understand and master the whole line. Secondly, the second assembly can be carried out. At this time, the teacher wants students to assemble all the lines, and can simulate an experimental circuit to simulate the working process of the whole line, so that students can have a sensory understanding of the whole line. This fashion requires improving its speed on the premise of ensuring quality. At this time, we can emphasize the importance of the time spent and improve their proficiency to meet the needs of social practice. The results of each internship should be strictly graded. Sometimes, teachers can flexibly change the grading standards for the common bad technical phenomena in the internship process.

Fourth, pay attention to the combination of habit and ability training to improve social adaptability.

In practice, we must cultivate meticulousness. Orderly habits. Various problems and situations existing in professional practice need to be managed in different ways. For example, numbering the equipment used by each internship student, clarifying the responsibility, compensating for intentional damage and ensuring the normal use of the equipment are conducive to cultivating students' good habits of caring for public property and adapting to the requirements of social safety and civilized production. Problems in practice are widely reflected in social practice, which is a good opportunity to cultivate students' analytical ability and independent thinking ability. First of all, teachers should base themselves on theoretical teaching methods, so that students can master the principles in practice and analyze possible problems and faults, which is the basis for students to analyze faults. Secondly, teachers should introduce a variety of different troubleshooting methods to students, clarify their advantages and disadvantages, and guide students to practice troubleshooting, cultivate students' multi-faceted and multi-angle inquiry quality, improve their thinking ability, and make them know how to avoid general failures. Sometimes teachers can deliberately set up faults, ask students to analyze and troubleshoot, provide more practical opportunities, help students learn troubleshooting methods, and make students have strong knowledge transfer ability. We can also use the opportunity of social practice to encourage students to do more social practice to meet the ability demand of social development. The reason why we emphasize autonomous learning, cooperative learning and inquiry learning is because we can't have a narrow understanding of "gains in class", and gains include not only cognitive aspects, such as concepts, definitions and concepts.

The mastery of principles (axioms and theorems), formulas, basic facts and the perfection of cognitive strategies should also include the change, enrichment and promotion of attitudes and values, intellectual challenges and inner shocks, spiritual cultivation and spiritual purification, and so on. Specifically, it includes at least the following six aspects: 1. Activate, enrich and popularize experience; 2. Construction and application of knowledge; 3. Perfection of cognitive strategies and learning strategies; 4. Emotional. Delicate and pure; 5. Formation, change and perfection of attitudes and values; 6. The formation, consolidation and proficiency of skills. In short, effective teaching can awaken the sleeping potential, activate the sealed memory, open the claustrophobic mind and let go of the imprisoned situation. Autonomous learning, cooperative learning and inquiry learning are effective ways to cultivate students' practical ability.