Perseverance, curing activity time
Necessary time arrangement is the basic premise of carrying out various activities, and so is robot education. In Haimen City, Jiangsu Province, where the author is located, the junior high school curriculum has been compressed from 45 minutes to 40 minutes, and the number of class hours per day has correspondingly increased from 7 to 8. In this way, the school can arrange two classes in the extra class every week. In each club class, all students choose to participate in club activities according to their hobbies or specialties. In this full-time activity, there are bound to be teachers who have studied robots and are full of expectations for students' personality development to organize robot clubs, and a considerable number of students will inevitably join robot clubs out of their interest in robots. The solidified activity time effectively ensures the orderly development of activities and avoids the phenomenon of "going through the motions and having fun" in robot community activities.
Take it from the people and weaken the equipment requirements.
Robot equipment is the main support to carry out community activities of robot interest experiments. Considering the limited office expenses of the school at present, it is really difficult to equip the students participating in the activities with robot equipment. Our solution is to let students buy suitable robots at their own expense according to their teaching needs. At present, the robot products mainly include brands such as Lego, Guang Mao, Zhong Ming, Capability Storm, Ziguang, Future Star, Taiyapu, Intel, Noble, and General Motors. When purchasing teaching robots, we should not only consider students' interest in using, physical and mental characteristics, teaching objectives, etc. , but also take into account the economic affordability of rural students' families, consider changing the use environment and upgrading the characteristics of compatibility. After comparison, we chose the robot with lower price. Although the price of this kind of robot is low, there are many mechanical parts and functional modules, which can be disassembled and assembled to complete many different projects. It is particularly worth mentioning that this kind of equipment has poor accuracy and is prone to failure in activities. In order to complete the research of the project, students need to constantly maintain and improve it. The so-called "long illness makes a good doctor", the process of students' independent maintenance of robots can promote the improvement of students' observation ability, judgment ability and hands-on ability.
Teaching according to law and optimizing teaching carrier
The knowledge level and operation skills of students in the community are different. In order to let students actively construct knowledge system, we should choose appropriate teaching materials, activity plans and study plans. These materials are a strong support for students to learn robot knowledge, and are the activity plan and activity guide of robot interest experimental society. There are some robot textbooks in China, such as junior high school information technology (optional), but the foundation of junior high school students in villages and towns is relatively weak. The models made by hand in their primary school rarely involve electronic circuits, and even less have been exposed to robots. So the textbook we use is "Simple Robot Making" published by Jiangsu Education Publishing House. It is divided into four chapters: enter the robot world, let the simple robot move, let the simple robot complete the assigned tasks, and let the simple robot adapt to the environment automatically. The content is easy to master, leaving room for further exploration. Under the guidance of teachers, students can quickly master the design and manufacture of robots and learn programming methods from the basics. Simple Robot Making published by Henan Education Publishing House adopts the structure of "project-guided learning process", with two specific simple robot making projects (high platform fire fighting robot and line patrol dribbling robot) as the main line. Concise and easy to understand, it is also an optional teaching material. In order to adapt to local conditions, we are compiling school-based textbooks in combination with the characteristics of schools and students.
Starting from the source and deepening the learning content
Because the activity time of interest societies is limited, and robots involve many subjects and have complex knowledge structure, teachers need to provide enough learning resources for students to learn selectively. In addition to the self-built resource library, it can also provide students with existing excellent network resources, such as Robot Magazine (omitted), Robot Enthusiast (omitted), China Robot Network (omitted), Robot Enthusiast World (omitted), Robot Resource Network (omitted) and so on. Teachers can also guide students to join the corresponding QQ group for learning and communication. Such as Robot Enthusiasts Union (477 1 1835), Robot Union (5 1 155089), Robot for Youth Association for Science and Technology (120 15666), and Robot China (. Robot Sky II (36390936), Asia-Pacific robot contest Expert Q&A (6 1387753), China Education Robot Alliance (13937027), etc. Let students broaden their horizons and update their knowledge faster.
Take this as an example to downplay specific guidance.
The manufacture of robots needs the perfect cooperation of hands and brains. To complete a project and create a robot work, it is necessary to consider the mechanical structure, actuator, control circuit, select different sensors, set sensor placement positions, design control logic, and write programs. When all these contents are considered and realized, the robot may not work as expected. At this time, the producer is required to analyze where the problem may be, what solutions are there, and experiment, explore and study step by step according to the prescribed logic, in order to truly complete the production of the robot. Although this process is difficult, teachers should learn to be lazy. After teaching the basic knowledge and introducing some typical ideas and methods of construction and programming, the teacher will let the students play and practice by themselves. From structural construction to programming, downloading, debugging and running, students should do it themselves and practice it themselves. This not only trains students' hands-on operation ability and logical thinking ability, but also enhances students' confidence and achieves twice the result with half the effort.
Follow your heart and catalyze the creation of passion
The control program designed by students is equivalent to people's thoughts. Facing the same task, different ideas will produce different processes and results. If the future star robot is used, students don't need to memorize the strict grammar rules of C language, just drag the function block to the flow chart according to the logical needs, so it is easier to design the control program. However, because the execution of each instruction takes about 10ms, the same mechanical structure, the rationality of programming and the skill level of programming will directly affect the running speed of robot works. Of course, whether the actuator design is optimized or not also determines the running speed of the work. Therefore, the works produced by different students will have great differences in their running effects. In order to improve students' enthusiasm, teachers should make full use of process evaluation and summative evaluation to constantly motivate students. After students have finished making robots, teachers should also compare the works to see which robot can best complete the task, and at the same time show the works and anatomical procedures, so that students can analyze themselves, find out the differences and judge the advantages and disadvantages, thus improving students' comprehensive analysis ability. In addition to competitions and competitions in clubs, schools often organize students to participate in national and provincial robot competitions, in which they can learn from each other and improve together. If we can win prizes in these competitions, we can not only better stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, but also encourage more students to approach robots and make the snowball of robot community activities bigger and bigger.
In a word, rural junior high schools properly handle all kinds of difficulties in robot teaching. After the activities of robot interest experimental societies are carried out normally, robot learning fever will naturally form among students, and then robot education will be effectively promoted in this vast world of rural areas.
* This paper is a key support project of modern educational technology research in Jiangsu Province, 20 1 1 "Practical research on robot experiment interest societies".
(References omitted)
(Author: Jiangsu Haimen Hainan Middle School)