Four understandings refer to understanding the danger of fire, preventive measures, fire extinguishing methods and fire escape methods. Four meetings refer to using fire fighting equipment, reporting fires, putting out initial fires and organizing evacuation and escape. The four abilities refer to the ability to check and eliminate fire hazards, put out initial fires, organize evacuation and escape, and conduct fire control publicity and education.

Four understandings, four meetings and four abilities are aimed at fire safety, aiming at improving the quality of fire safety and the ability to deal with fires. In modern society, fire accidents occur frequently, so it is very important to master certain fire fighting knowledge and skills to protect the lives and property of yourself and others. Four understandings are about the understanding of fire danger and preventive measures.

In daily life, people should understand the dangers of fire, such as inflammable materials, electrical equipment and other items that may cause fire, as well as the characteristics of rapid fire spread and possible serious consequences. At the same time, people should know how to take effective preventive measures to prevent fires, such as regular inspection of electrical equipment and correct use of open flames.

The fourth meeting is about taking correct methods to fight and escape in case of fire. People should master how to use fire extinguishers and other fire-fighting equipment to put out the initial fire, and how to escape and ask for help in an emergency. In addition, people should also know how to report the fire correctly, so that firefighters can rush to the scene in time for rescue.

The four abilities are about the ability to organize and evacuate people effectively when a fire breaks out and the ability to carry out fire prevention publicity and education. In a fire, time is life, and organized and orderly evacuation can minimize casualties. At the same time, through fire prevention publicity and education, enhance people's awareness of fire safety and prevent fires.

Type of fire extinguisher:

1, dry powder fire extinguisher: dry powder fire extinguisher is mainly a dry and delicate fire extinguishing agent, which has the advantages of good versatility, wide application range and affordable price. Suitable for extinguishing initial fires of solid, liquid, gas and charged equipment. However, dry powder fire extinguishers need to clean up the residues after use, so they are not suitable for cooking fires.

2. foam extinguisher: foam extinguisher mainly covers the surface of the flame by producing foam, which insulates the flame from the air and lowers the temperature of combustible materials, thus achieving the purpose of fire fighting. It is suitable for extinguishing the initial fire of combustible substances such as solid, liquid and gas, especially for liquid fuel fire. However, foam extinguisher cannot be used for live equipment or fires involving polar solvents.

3. Gas fire extinguisher: The gas fire extinguisher mainly releases a large amount of inert gas or chemical gas to dilute the concentration of oxygen and combustible substances in the air to achieve the purpose of fire extinguishing. It is suitable for extinguishing initial fires in electronic equipment, data processing centers, high-value goods and other places. Because the use of gas fire extinguishers requires specific equipment and conditions, the scope of use is relatively small.

4. Water-based fire extinguisher: Water-based fire extinguisher mainly sprays water-based solution on the flame to reduce the temperature of combustible materials and achieve the purpose of extinguishing fire. It is suitable for extinguishing the initial fire of solid, liquid, gas and charged equipment, and has the advantages of environmental protection and simple operation. However, water-based fire extinguishers are not suitable for fires involving polar solvents or water-insoluble substances.