Scientific research on preschool education is a cognitive process. It is a creative activity that people purposefully, systematically and systematically study the knowledge system of preschool education by scientific methods, understand the phenomenon of preschool education, explore and discover the objective laws of education and people's all-round development, education and social progress, deepen the reform of preschool education and improve the quality of preschool education.
Research methodology of preschool education science: refers to the theory of general research methods of preschool education science, which is the guiding ideology and basic principle for people to understand preschool education phenomena and study preschool education laws. Materialist dialectics and system theory are both methodologies of preschool education science.
Objectivity principle: refers to the research based on the original appearance of objective facts, the social life of the educated and the physical and mental development of the educated.
Preschool education science hypothesis: refers to the preliminary hypothesis about the phenomena and laws of preschool education to be studied in the process of preschool education science research, according to the known facts and the theory and knowledge of educational science after people put forward the topic. These preliminary assumptions are scientific assumptions of preschool education.
Literature review: the abbreviation of literature review is to systematically and comprehensively describe and comment on the research achievements and progress of a subject or topic in a certain period on the basis of comprehensively collecting relevant information at home and abroad.
Longitudinal study: it is a long-term systematic and regular study of the psychological development or educational laws of one or a part of children.
Cross-sectional study: it is to test and compare the psychological development level or educational law of children of a certain age or several ages at the same time.
Case study: A person or a group is regarded as a research unit. In the scientific research of preschool education, case study is mainly to collect the historical data of a person's family situation, educational influence and psychological development, analyze it, and explore the characteristics and laws of his psychological development and education.
Sampling: it is to select a part of the subjects from a whole as the research object, and the part selected by the subjects is called a sample, that is, the part represents the whole.
Simple random sampling: firstly, all the individuals in the group are numbered uniformly, and each individual is numbered. Secondly, write each number on cards with the same size, color, shape and thickness, and then put these cards in the box. After complete confusion, choose a few cards at random. These cards are samples obtained in a simple and random way.
Stratified random sampling: the researchers divide the research population into several categories according to some existing standards, and each category is called a layer, and then determine the number of samples to be taken from each layer according to the proportion of the population in each layer to the total population. In this way, the ratio of the number of samples sampled in each layer to the total number of samples is the same as that of the number of groups in each layer, and the structure of the samples is completely consistent with the group structure.