2. Educational science-refers to all educational disciplines that study the laws of education.
3. The law of education-it is the internal and essential connection and relationship between education, society, people and various factors within education, which is objective, inevitable, stable and repetitive.
4. The task of pedagogy is to explore and reveal the objective laws of education through the study of educational phenomena, so as to provide scientific theoretical basis for educational practice.
5. Compulsory education is a certain degree of education that everyone must receive in the form of law.
6. Education is a conscious social practice, the direct purpose of which is to cultivate people.
7. School education is a purposeful, organized and systematic social practice carried out by full-time staff and specialized agencies, and its direct goal is to influence students' physical and mental development. Simply put, school education is a special educational activity.
8, genetic quality-is born, innate physiological characteristics and anatomical characteristics.
9. The purpose of education is to cultivate the educated into the general goal and requirement of a certain social need, which is the ultimate standard that the educated should reach.
10, all-round development education-that is, "education implemented to promote people's all-round physical and mental development."
1 1, "all-round development of human beings"-refers to people purposefully uniting to control, utilize and jointly develop the material basis provided by capitalist production, and to eliminate the spontaneity and blindness caused by its history, and to overcome and eliminate the contradictions in the development of people centered on private ownership, so as to achieve the unity of personal intelligence and physical strength, material labor, spiritual labor and enjoyment, and survival and development.
12, quality-refers to people's stable internal basic quality qualifications, characteristics and so on.
13. Quality-oriented education is an education that according to the requirements of China's socialist modernization, explores the physical and mental development potential of the educated, promotes their subjective spirit and promotes their all-round and harmonious development.
14, exam-oriented education-is a kind of one-sided selection and elimination education with the sole purpose of entering a higher school and carrying out school activities around the subjects to be tested.
15. Teachers are professionals who perform their educational and teaching duties and undertake the mission of teaching and educating people, cultivating successors and builders of socialist cause and improving national quality.
15. Teacher-student relationship-the most basic interpersonal relationship in schools refers to a special social relationship formed by teachers and students in the process of education and teaching methods in order to accomplish common educational tasks.
16, Teachers' Ethics-Teachers' Professional Ethics. It is a code of conduct and moral standard that teachers must perform in educational activities. In essence, it is a concrete and special expression of certain social or class morality.
17, teacher-student relationship-refers to a special social relationship formed by teachers and students in the process of education and teaching to complete the common educational task.
18, school education system-referred to as academic system, refers to the system of various schools at all levels in a country, which stipulates the nature, tasks, admission conditions, study years and their relationship.
19, Guimao school system-1903 changed to Guimao school system, which was the beginning of modern school education system in China. Based on the Japanese academic system, it retains the remnants of the feudal imperial examination system, and takes reading classics and respecting Confucius as its educational purpose. It is characterized by a long learning period.
20. Moral education is an activity that educators exert ideological, political and moral influence on the educated purposefully, systematically and systematically according to certain social requirements and the law of ideological and moral formation of the educated, and form their ideological and moral character through the active understanding, experience and practice of the educated.
2 1, the principle of moral education-is the basic requirement that teachers must follow when carrying out moral education for students.
22, moral education methods-refers to the specific means to complete the purpose and task of moral education and the implementation of moral education content.
23, the principle of unity of knowledge and practice-also known as the principle of integrating theory with practice. In the process of moral education, we should not only educate students on the basic theory of Marxism-Leninism, but also guide them to practice for a long time, and combine theoretical education with organizing practical activities, improving ideological understanding and cultivating moral behavior habits, so that students can become a new generation with unity of knowledge and practice and consistency of words and deeds.
24. Self-education method is a method to guide students to carry out self-education in order to form the ideology and morality needed by society.
25. The process of moral education is a process in which educators exert systematic influence purposefully, systematically and systematically in a certain society according to the ideological and political views, moral behaviors and the law of ideological and moral formation of the educated, so that the educated can gradually form the ideological and moral qualities expected by the educators.
26. The basic contradiction in the process of moral education-the contradiction between moral education task, moral education content and the original ideological and moral development level of the educated is the basic contradiction in the process of moral education.
27. Curriculum-in a broad sense, curriculum refers to the sum of what students learn at school and the arrangement of the process. A course in a narrow sense refers to a certain subject.
28. Teaching is an educational activity that teachers purposefully, systematically and step by step guide students to learn basic knowledge and skills of science and culture and promote students' all-round physical and mental development. This is a bilateral activity between teachers and students.
29. Educational thought-refers to people's understanding or views on educational phenomena, laws and problems in a certain society and era, which is manifested in a series of ideas, theories and systems that cultivate people.
30. Curriculum plan-also known as teaching plan. It is a guiding document for the government departments to make overall arrangements and plans for school education and teaching according to the school's training objectives and educational tasks.
3 1, teaching method-is the general name of the means and methods used by teachers and students to complete teaching tasks in teaching activities, including the methods taught by teachers and the methods learned by students. It is a way of communication between teachers and students and a dialectical unity of teaching methods and learning methods.
32. Class teaching system, also known as classroom teaching, is an organizational form in which students are organized into classes according to roughly the same age and knowledge level, and teachers conduct unified teaching for the whole class according to the prescribed course content and fixed teaching time.
33. Teaching mode refers to the basic structure of various teaching activities established in practice for designing and organizing teaching under the guidance of certain teaching theories.
The head teacher is the person who organizes and leads the class to form a strong collective, coordinates all aspects of education and guides students' all-round development.
35, class collective-that is, students are divided into a fixed number of teaching classes according to their age and knowledge level, and after certain training, they become a formal group with collective characteristics.
36. Extracurricular education refers to all kinds of educational activities and work carried out purposefully, planned and organized outside classroom teaching.
37. Off-campus education refers to various educational activities and work organized purposefully and planned by off-campus educational institutions or social organizations and families.
38. Social education-it is to educate teenagers and the masses through social and cultural educational institutions outside schools.
39. Family education refers to the education of parents or other elders for their children and grandchildren. That is, in the family, parents consciously and consciously carry out certain educational activities for their children through family life and words and deeds according to certain social requirements for talents.
40, education together-school education, social education, family education three educational forces unified requirements, mutual promotion, mutual coordination, forming a joint force.
4 1, management-the process of reasonably organizing all work, coordinating all kinds of relationships, and achieving predetermined goals with high quality and high efficiency.
42. School management is a special part of general management. It is an activity process of reasonably organizing school work, coordinating school relations and achieving school education goals with high quality and high efficiency. Correctly handling the relationship between good people and people in the process of management is the core of school management.
43, management function-is the responsibility and function of managers and organizations in the management system. The function of management reflects the essence of management.
44. Decision-making-the act of selecting the best scheme from multiple schemes.
45, management system-refers to a certain organizational system of institutional setup, affiliation and management responsibilities, authority division system.
46. Educational thought-refers to people's understanding or views on educational phenomena, laws and problems in a certain society and era, which is manifested in a series of ideas, theories and systems that cultivate people.
47. Modern education concept-Modern education concept takes human education as the core, pays attention to the ultimate concern for human beings, pays attention to the subjective development of human beings, and is committed to cultivating high-quality innovative talents with integrated knowledge, ability and quality.
48, the overall reform of the school-refers to the overall education, in order to achieve the comprehensive implementation of the education policy, the overall improvement of the quality of education, the overall improvement of students' quality.
49. Educational scientific research-referred to as educational scientific research. It is a scientific research activity that applies educational science theory, embarks from the objective reality of education, adopts scientific attitudes and methods, purposefully and systematically studies educational phenomena, collects and accumulates educational factual materials, understands the essence of education, reveals educational laws, and forms a new educational theory.
50. Educational measurement is a process of quantitatively measuring the effect of educational activities according to the requirements of educational objectives and certain educational laws.
5 1. Educational evaluation is a process of making value judgments on educational phenomena, educational activities and their participants according to certain educational objectives and scientific methods and procedures, thus providing basis for educational decision-making.
52. Educational modernization is an advanced state in which a country's education adapts to the requirements of modern social development, a transformation of traditional education in modern society, and an overall educational transformation movement including educational ideas, educational systems, educational contents and educational methods. Its core is human modernization.