1995 (in 2006), Taiwan Province Province revised the Basic Law on Education and passed the "zero corporal punishment clause on campus" to prohibit teachers from corporal punishment of students. Under the principle of equality, proportion and confidentiality, junior high school teachers have the obligation to discipline and coach students, but if they objectively cause physical and mental harm to students, it belongs to corporal punishment as stipulated in the Notes on Formulating Teachers' Guidance and Discipline Measures for Schools. For example, whipping students with something to punish them for squatting, malicious physical contact or standing for a long time are all corporal punishment, while well-intentioned physical contact, homework, labor service, meditation and standing for no more than one class are not corporal punishment, but appropriate disciplinary measures.
According to the statistical survey of junior high school students conducted by the Ministry of Education 1997 (2008), in the year from/kloc-0 to February, the average corporal punishment rate was 1 5.8%, that is,10 per thousand junior high school students. 84.4% of junior middle school students have never been physically punished, 12.2% have been physically punished 1-2 times, and less than 1% are physically punished every day. In terms of counties and cities, there are 10 counties and cities in Taiwan Province Province that are higher than the overall average, and the top three are Chiayi County, Changhua County and Pingtung County. Among the reasons for corporal punishment, "poor test scores" are the most common, followed by "homework not handed in" and "not obeying school rules".
Junior high school teachers have professional autonomy in teaching and have the obligation to discipline and punish students, but "corporal punishment hurts students" is not within the scope of punishment defined by law. If the teacher punishes the students, it may constitute a crime of injury. In particular, junior high school teachers have the status of civil servants in the criminal law, and they can be given heavier punishment when committing the crime of injury. However, the necessity of corporal punishment, the scope of disciplinary power and the effectiveness of the "zero corporal punishment" policy are still a topic of continuous debate in Taiwan Province Province. The group headed by People-oriented Education and Culture Foundation thinks that corporal punishment should be abolished completely, but some teachers and parents think that minor and insignificant corporal punishment is a reasonable means of discipline. In any case, corporal punishment is still prohibited in Taiwan Province province. Teachers should follow the principles of goodwill, equality, proportion and confidentiality when disciplining, and must not go beyond the boundaries of education and do harm to students' body and mind. On campus, sexual crimes can be divided into four types according to the objects: teachers to students, students to students, students to teachers and strangers to teachers and students, among which student-to-student sexual crimes are the most common. According to the statistics of the Statistics Department of the Ministry of Education, there were 399 cases of sexual assault in junior middle schools in the Republic of China 100 (20 12), of which 354 were women and 4/kloc-0 were men. In addition, there were 9 15 cases of sexual harassment in China that year, of which 76 1 victims were women and 125 victims were men. Whether it is sexual assault or sexual harassment, the perpetrators are mainly classmates, followed by teachers and administrators.
According to Article 9 of the Law on Gender Equality Education, junior high schools should have a gender equality education committee (hereinafter referred to as the gender equality committee) with 5-2 1 person to handle cases of sexual assault, sexual harassment or bullying. The Gender Equality Committee has the power and obligation to inform, investigate, keep secret and impose administrative sanctions. Its members should include experts and scholars, teachers' representatives and parents' representatives, and the proportion of female members should not be lower than that of members of the Gender Equality Committee. The school must notify the local government education bureau within 24 hours after learning of the incident, including receiving reports, taking the initiative to find out and media reports. If the relevant personnel fail to report for more than 24 hours, the principal, teacher or administrative staff may be dismissed or expelled and bear administrative responsibility.
Most junior high school students are between 12 and 15, so they are protected by the Children and Adolescents Welfare Law. If the offender is a teacher or administrator, he may be given a heavier punishment according to law. After the sentencing is determined, he may also be deprived of his right to teach and may not be employed for life. However, if the offender is a classmate, because he is not yet an adult, he can reduce his criminal responsibility and only need to hand over protection control. The government and schools have the responsibility to provide counseling, legal, academic and economic assistance to the victims of sexual crimes, and also have the right and obligation to punish and counsel the students who hurt them and prevent them from committing crimes again. Although Taiwan Province Province has not investigated the incidence of school bullying in junior middle schools, it is generally believed that school bullying often exists. School bullying is long-term, repetitive, unequal and secretive. Junior high school students will not turn to adults when they are bullied, but will turn to their classmates. This is because junior high school students are in adolescence, and adults are less influential and binding on teenagers than on children, so they are relatively more eager for peer recognition. The bullied junior high school students are often isolated and helpless, and it is difficult to get the support of their peers. In the long run, they may lead to depression or inferiority, and even retaliate against bullying, from the victim to the perpetrator.
The phenomenon of school bullying in middle schools has existed for a long time, which is not only a school problem, but also a family and social problem. Take a series of school bullying events in Taoyuan County 1999 (20 10) as an example. Not only the students were bullied, but also the teachers were the direct victims of bullying on campus, which led dozens of teachers to complain to legislator Luo Shulei. The incident was made public at the questioning site of the Legislative Yuan. After the incident broke out, the Ministry of Education and the Taoyuan County Education Bureau became the targets of public criticism. Eight German Lieutenant Colonel Yu Jiagu was also replaced by the inspector as the school agent. 20 1 1 April, Taiwan Province Provincial Supervision Institute filed a correction case against the Education Bureau of Taoyuan County in Zhonghe, Germany on the grounds of poor supervision, failure to notify in time and omission of school property, and the whole incident came to an end.
Taking the bullying incident in Hsinchu in March of the Republic of China 100 (20 1 1) as an example, the incident showed different aspects. This incident broke out because the perpetrators put the video of the crime on the Internet, which highlighted the role of the Internet in bullying. With the popularity of the Internet in Taiwan Province Province, since 2000, bullies have uploaded photos of their criminal acts to the Internet, causing secondary injuries to victims. The popularity of the Internet makes it one of the attack media of bullying, which is called cyber bullying and is increasing gradually.
According to the Implementation Plan for Prevention and Control of school bullying (20 1 1) adopted by the Ministry of Education in the Republic of China, the Ministry of Education and local education bureaus have set up 24-hour free anti-bullying complaint hotlines, through which students or ordinary people can report bullying incidents. After receiving the report, each school should make an evaluation immediately. After confirming the truth, the principal will hold a counseling meeting to provide counseling to the victims and perpetrators, and if necessary, they can be transferred to professional consulting institutions, hospitals or judicial units. Although most of the bullies in junior high schools are underage, they still have to bear incomplete criminal or civil responsibilities, which can reduce the punishment or put them under protective control to prevent them from committing crimes again. The entrance guard of junior high school campus is strict, and outsiders must mortgage their certificates during class. The picture shows the guard room next to the gate of Taipei Minsheng National Middle School.
1999 (20 10) There were 9,365 juvenile suspects102 in Taiwan Province province, including 9,365 males and 0,737 females. A juvenile criminal suspect refers to a criminal suspect who was under 18 years old at the time of committing the crime, and his age is about 12- 18 years old. Judging from the cases, the most arrested juvenile criminal suspects are theft (4086), followed by injury (1.228), drugs (1.2 1.03), obstruction of autonomy (677) and public danger (638). In accepting police organs, New Taipei City (1 878 people) accepted the most cases of juvenile suspects, followed by Kaohsiung City (1 2 1 person) and Taipei City (1,136 people).
The safety of junior high school campus is mainly maintained by the Correctional Office and the school police, and supervised by the local police station, which is responsible for the safety of teachers and students in the school and the entrance protection of the school. Among juvenile delinquency, campus gangs are one of them. 1 1% of junior high school students are worried about gang invasion. Most gang teenagers join gangs at the age of 12- 15, which happens to be in junior high school. Nearly half of teenagers will regret joining gangs, but gang activities are full of fun and crime, which is easy to make these teenagers deviant.
There are many reasons for juvenile delinquency, but they are mainly related to poor family structure and insufficient dependence on schools. Most junior high school students with criminal records also have the experience of dropping out of school and running away from home. In the initial stage, they will have some minor deviant behaviors, such as smoking, drinking and racing. In order to prevent this, the police department has also strengthened the rule of law education in junior high school campuses. In order to avoid the recurrence of juvenile delinquency, social welfare units participate in the family part, while halfway education facilities are provided in the school part. Drop-out means that junior high school and primary school students have not been to school for more than 3 consecutive days without asking for leave. Such students are called dropouts. In the first 10 1 school year (August 20 12-July 2013), the number of middle school dropouts in Taiwan Province Province was 562 1 person, with a dropout rate of 0.55%, which was 0.04 higher than that in primary schools (689). If junior high school students are found to have dropped out of school, they should immediately notify the local government, which will then notify the Ministry of Education and the Compulsory Admission Committee. Finally, the Ministry of Education will send the students' information to the police department of the Ministry of the Interior for help. If students can't go to school because of poverty or family changes, social welfare assistance is applicable, and the government needs to assign social workers to visit. After returning to school, dropouts will be listed as auxiliary objects or referred to provide halfway education facilities suitable for dropouts to provide sex education.
At present, there are 102 "zero rejection" intermediary education facilities in Taiwan Province province, which are divided into resource-based halfway classes, benevolent classes, cooperative halfway classes and halfway schools according to different enrollment directions. These facilities can be handled by local governments, but they usually cooperate with non-profit organizations. When dropouts enter intermediary institutions, their status in ordinary schools will be preserved to avoid being labeled. The halfway education institutions in Taiwan Province Province often accept cases referred by the courts, but they often face problems such as insufficient funds, community exclusion and high mobility. Therefore, more counties and cities accept them and strengthen their operational efficiency. 20 1 1, a number of junior high school principals were involved in cheating on nutritious lunch, and the outside world questioned the professional ability and ethics of junior high school principals. In 20 12, legislators suggested amending the national education law, and all junior high school principals were forced to return to Yangchun as teachers for two years after the expiration of two terms and eight years. Some parents have the ability to find excuses not to help their children pay for lunch and not to share subsidy resources, which also increases the burden on the government. Meat containing lean meat may affect ovarian function if it is supplied to school nutritious lunch for developing junior middle school female students.