Although there is only one word difference between "enlightenment" and "education", its means are far from being comparable to education. It comprehensively uses tangible and intangible hands such as political and religious weathering, educational influence and environmental influence. , including the emperor's proclamation, the guidance of officials at all levels, and the establishment of merit monuments, memorial archways, dissemination of popular books and other forms; It not only actively instills truth into people, but also pays attention to making people understand things unconsciously by combining daily activities. Its function is much deeper and stronger than simple education. Because of this, all knowledgeable politicians have attached great importance to the role of enlightenment since ancient times and regarded it as an important national policy to change customs and govern the country. "The Book of Rites" says: "Therefore, the education of rites is also evil and shapeless." Jia Yi in the Western Han Dynasty compared Enlightenment to a dam for flood control. "The interests of all people are like water flowing downwards, not to educate dikes, but to stop them." It is the principle of realizing and stopping evil and completing the embankment; If enlightenment is abolished and evil comes out, punishment will not win and its dike will be broken. The ancient king knew this, so he ruled the world from the south. We should take enlightenment as the main task, establish imperial academy as a religious country, set up an emergency order to make the city prosperous, and gradually treat the people with kindness, friendship and courtesy. Therefore, the punishment is very light, and those who do not commit crimes are forbidden to enter, and the customs are beautiful. "("all China people ")

imperial examination system

Imperial Examination is a talent selection examination for ancient literati in China. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, officials have been selected from the children of powerful people in various places. Children of powerful people, regardless of merits and demerits, can be officials. Many people with humble origins but real talent and learning cannot hold senior positions in the central and local governments. In order to change this kind of malpractice, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty began to select talents by subject examination. During the reign of Yang Di, Jinshi was formally established to evaluate candidates' views on current affairs and select talents according to the examination results. China's imperial examination system was formally born.

Imperial examination is a system of selecting officials through examinations in feudal dynasties. It is called imperial examination because it adopts the method of selecting scholars by subjects. The imperial examination system was implemented in the first year of Daye in Sui Dynasty (605), and the last Jinshi examination was held in the 31st year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1905), which lasted more than 1300 years.