He put forward "Five Emancipations", which was later supplemented in the Outline of Democratic Education and Democratic Education, and put forward "Six Emancipations".
Creative children education *
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(1) Emancipate children's minds. Children's creativity is bound by inherent superstitions, prejudices, misinterpretations and fantasies. To develop children's creativity, we must first liberate children's thoughts from superstition, prejudice, misinterpretation and fantasy. ...
(2) Emancipate the child's hands. ...
(3) Emancipate the child's mouth. ...
(4) Liberating children's space. ...
(5) the time to liberate children. ...
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See Selected Works of Tao Xingzhi's Education, p. 306.
(* Original194465438+February 16 Ta Kung Pao)
Outline of democratic education *
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Verb (abbreviation of verb) the method of democratic education
Democratic education methods should make students automatic, inspire students to be conscious, objective and scientific, not limited to one kind, diverse, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, and linking life with education. Moreover, in China, we have to use poor methods, have no money to buy textbooks, and try our best to find substitutes. Signboards can be used as textbooks, branches can be used as pens, and desktops can be used as paper. When the Eighth Route Army marched, it brought a set of cultural tools, that is, a wooden pen. When the parade stopped, it drew words on the ground to read. New democracy not only
If we want the leadership of farmers and workers, we must educate the people by clumsy means. If everyone buys a pencil, it will cost 400 thousand yuan. Therefore, only by finding other ways without pencils can education serve the public.
There is another way. Students who can't come to class can send someone to teach them, "Whoever comes to the door can't send it to the door", send the cow watcher to the cow's back and send the firewood collector to Chai Shan. Only in this way can the problem of "education serving the public" be solved. Finally, we must emphasize the importance of creation again. When students are allowed to be automatic, they should not be allowed to move around, but should embark on the road of creation, pay attention to their work with their hands and brains. This requires six liberations: (1) Emancipate your eyes-don't wear feudal colored glasses, let your eyes see the facts clearly; (2) free your hands; (3) Emancipating the mind-liberating the mind from superstition, prejudice, fate and fascist bacteria; (4) Opening-children should have freedom of speech, talk directly to their husbands and be willing to talk to them. First, let Mr. Wang know the child's pain. (5) Liberate the space-don't lock students in cages, the schools of democratic education are much bigger, and nature and society should become their world; When the space is enlarged, you can learn what you need; Expand the space so that all religions can know; Only by expanding space can we do our best; (6) The era of liberation-education was advertised as this, but it was not fully realized; Teachers, students and workers should have some free time so that they can digest what they have learned, think about what they have learned and do meaningful work.
See: Complete Works of Tao Xingzhi, Volume 4, page 577.
(* This article was originally published in Wartime Education, Volume 9, No.2, May 1945, which is a record of the speech. Recorders are Lin Wei and Yuan Zhi. )
Democratic Children's Day *
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Children's Day is a national children's day, and it is by no means a children's day for a few children. This is a democratic Children's Day, and we should let all children share their happiness. What is the so-called happiness of children? People's favorite words "Fu, Lu, Shou and Fu" can illustrate this point.
(1) Unique maternal love, books to read, things to play, six liberations (2), cultivation of learning, small opportunities for creation, and concern for the broad sympathy of future generations.
(2) Lu has no worries about food and clothing.
(3) Longevity is not affected by terror, exploitation, injury, disease or premature death.
(4) Happy New Year, everyone is happy.
To achieve these four kinds of happiness, I think children should get four things:
(1) Toys for group entertainment.
(2) Learning tools for learning.
(3) daily necessities.
(4) tools with both hands and brains.
Children's Day is a festival for conscious adults to strive for the happiness of all children. We should strive for children's happiness, not only for one day, but also for children's long-term happiness. At least from Children's Day this year, we should strive for a year's study materials for the unfortunate children. If every school or group carries out such activities for the unfortunate children in its neighboring areas, it will always help them to live a happy and meaningful life in children's energy conservation and get their progress information in a year. However, we should know that the premise of Democratic Children's Day is political democracy and economic democracy. If politics and economy are not democratic, children's happiness will inevitably be limited to a few young ladies. but
If political economy is democratic, then the god of freedom must immediately fly to the most unfortunate children he cares about and hold them in a warm embrace. Therefore, a friend who really loves children must be a democracy fighter. Let's promote democratic politics and economy and realize Democratic Children's Day.
To annotate ...
April 4th is the Children's Day in China before liberation.
② Six Emancipations: (1) Emancipate children's minds and let them think; (2) Emancipate children's hands and make them capable; (3) liberating children's eyes so that they can see; (4) Liberate children's mouths and let them speak; (5) Liberate children's space and let them contact with nature and society; (6) Free children from forcing them to take exams, so that they can learn what they are eager to learn.
See: Complete Works of Tao Xingzhi, Volume 4, Page 57 1.
(* This article was originally published in the April 4th Children's Day Special Issue of Chongqing Xinhua Daily, 1945. )