"Cave metaphor" vividly shows the basic idea of Plato's political philosophy, that is, the ideal city-state is unique and the true philosopher is suitable to be the ruler of the city-state. Plato's philosophy king thought marks the end of the era of public political life in classical Greek city-states and the beginning of the era of philosophy and religion.
Plato clearly claimed that prisoners are similar to us, that is, they represent the state of human ignorance, and the process of prisoners coming out of caves is compared to the process of obtaining truth through education.
And turning around is a crucial step. We can understand the way of rising and meditation on the above things as the process of the soul rising to the knowable world and becoming a philosopher. The metaphor of caves has a great influence on the later political education theory.
The Story of "Cave Metaphor"
In the story, Plato described a cave-like cave. There is only a long passage connected with the outside world, and only a faint light shines into the cave. Some prisoners have lived in caves since childhood, with their heads, necks, legs and feet tied. They can't walk or turn their heads, so they can only look forward at the wall of the cave.
Behind them, a torch is burning, and there is a road and a wall between the torch and the prisoner. And behind the wall, facing the fire, there are some other people who hold all kinds of dolls and let them make all kinds of actions. When these prisoners saw the image projected on the wall in front of them, they mistook it for the real thing.
At this time, a prisoner was released from the shackles. He stood up, looked around, walked out of the cave, and found the truth. It turned out that everything he saw was an illusion, and there was a bright world outside. So, he doesn't want to live this dark life any more. He wants to save his companion.
However, when he returned to the cave, his companions not only didn't believe every word he said, but felt that he ran there, and when he came back, his eyes were burned by the sun, and he could no longer recognize his previous "image". They killed the good-hearted man because they didn't want to leave the familiar world at all.
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