Hospital fire safety knowledge 1. Hospital fire protection knowledge

Next, I will tell you how to take refuge in the thick smoke in case of fire. Try to lower your body and cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel.

Don't jump off a building blindly. You can use ropes or tear sheets into strips to connect them and tie them to doors, windows and heavy objects for easy sliding down. When trapped in the fire, there is no other way to save yourself, you can use flashlights and eye-catching objects to send out distress signals continuously, so that the fire brigade can find it in time and organize rescue.

How do people upstairs escape from the fire? People usually panic when the stairs are on fire. People upstairs are particularly anxious and don't know what to do.

Once this kind of fire happens, if you are not afraid of danger, you should first stabilize your mood, keep a clear head and try to put out the fire on the spot. For example, watering with water, using a wet quilt cover, etc. If you can't put it out immediately, the fire will burn more and more brightly and people will be in danger of being surrounded by fire. At this time, we must try our best to escape.

Sometimes there is a fire in the building and the stairs are not on fire, but smoke is often poured into the stairwell. People upstairs are prone to the illusion that the stairs are cut off and there is no way out. In fact, in most cases, the stairs are not on fire, and they can try to escape. If you choke on smoke, you can cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel, get close to the floor or run away.

Even if the stairs are blocked by flames, when there is no other way out, you can use wet quilts and other things as a cover to rush out as soon as possible. If the stairs have indeed been burned out and seem to have reached a desperate situation, we should also calmly think about whether there are other stairs to walk, whether they can be transferred from the roof or balcony, whether they can slide down with water pipes, bamboo poles or ropes, whether they can jump down step by step, and so on.

As long as you think about it more, it is generally reversible. If children, the elderly and patients are trapped upstairs, they should be rescued as soon as possible, such as using quilts, blankets and cotton-padded jackets.

Some were tied with rope, some with torn sheets, some slipped down the rope, some were thrown on the balcony and roof, and so on. In order to get out of danger as soon as possible. Calling for help is also a major rescue method. People trapped by fire can't get out. When people around you hear the cry for help, they will try to rescue them or report to the fire brigade for help.

First, the first fire is the easiest to put out. If we can concentrate on the rescue before the arrival of the fire truck, we can often save the day and turn the corner. Second, call the police early, and the earlier the alarm, the smaller the loss.

Remember the "1 19" fire call? Third, we must put out the fire first, and then carry the property. A slight delay will easily lead to great disaster.

In case of fire, it is not advisable to rescue the property first, which may choke to death or lose the chance of escape. Four, calm down, strictly abide by the order, in order to retreat safely in the fire.

If we rush to each other, crowd each other, block the passage, and lead to self-trampling, it will cause undue tragedy. The passage downstairs was blocked by fire. When there is no way out, tear the quilt sheets and tablecloths into cloth to form a rope, fasten the windowsill, cover your palm with a skirt and slide down the rope.

Six, the adjacent room is on fire, don't open the door, should jump out of the window balcony, call for help or use the former method to escape. Otherwise, hot smoke will take advantage of it and make people suffocate.

Seven, when the smoke is thick, don't panic, it is advisable to use knees and elbows to land and crawl forward, because there is often fresh air nearby. Be careful. Breathe small and shallow.

Eight, in the case of going upstairs, you must hold your breath and go upstairs. Because the speed of smoke rising is 3-5 meters per second, while the speed of people going upstairs is 3-5 meters per second, and the speed of people going upstairs is 0.5 meters per second.

9. When fleeing, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel. You can also cover your mouth and nose with water from vases, kettles and goldfish bowls in your room to wet clothes and fabrics.

When you take your baby to escape, you can gently cover his face with a wet cloth, hold him in one hand and grab the thread in the other to escape. Before you escape, be sure to close the door of the room with fire.

Especially in buildings and hotels with more residents, this measure can limit the flame and smoke in one room, prevent them from spreading rapidly, and win valuable time for yourself and everyone. Fire prevention measures in public places In order to effectively prevent fire accidents in public places, in addition to strengthening the education of fire control knowledge, the following safety measures must be taken: 1. When using electric heating equipment in public places, keep away from flammable materials.

For example, an infrared heater is used, because its surface temperature is very high, and it is easy to cause fire when it is close to flammable substances. 2, the use of lighting lamps and lanterns to keep a safe distance with combustible substances.

Otherwise, if the lighting lamp clings to wood or other flammable materials, it is also very dangerous. Because the surface temperature of the light bulb is very high.

For example, the surface temperature of 60W incandescent lamp can reach135-180℃; The surface temperature of 100W incandescent lamp can reach 170-220℃, so when the bulb is exposed to flammable materials for a long time, it will lead to fire. 3. When people iron clothes or trim their hair with a hair dryer, they should cut off the power supply in time after use and put it on a nonflammable base, and then store it after the residual heat of the lamp is exhausted.

Don't put it in the carton immediately after use, because the remaining heat will lead to other flammable items and cause fire. 4. When people use electric soldering iron to repair electrical equipment in public places, they should also unplug the power plug after use, and then put it on a nonflammable base or cement floor. Never put it on the floor or desk, so as to avoid burning flammable materials such as the floor and desk due to excessive temperature.

2. Hospital fire knowledge

Next, I will tell you what to do in case of fire.

Take refuge in the thick smoke, try to lower your body and cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel.

Don't jump off a building blindly. You can use ropes or tear sheets into strips to connect them and tie them to doors, windows and heavy objects for easy sliding down.

When trapped in the fire, there is no other way to save yourself, you can use flashlights and eye-catching objects to send out distress signals continuously, so that the fire brigade can find it in time and organize rescue.

How do people upstairs escape from the fire?

People usually panic when the stairs are on fire. People upstairs are particularly anxious and don't know what to do. Once this kind of fire happens, if you are not afraid of danger, you should first stabilize your mood, keep a clear head and try to put out the fire on the spot. For example, watering with water, using a wet quilt cover, etc. If you can't put it out immediately, the fire will burn more and more brightly and people will be in danger of being surrounded by fire. At this time, we must try our best to escape. Sometimes there is a fire in the building and the stairs are not on fire, but smoke is often poured into the stairwell. People upstairs are prone to the illusion that the stairs are cut off and there is no way out. In fact, in most cases, the stairs are not on fire, and they can try to escape. If you choke on smoke, you can cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel, get close to the floor or run away. Even if the stairs are blocked by flames, when there is no other way out, you can use wet quilts and other things as a cover to rush out as soon as possible. If the stairs have indeed been burned out and seem to have reached a desperate situation, we should also calmly think about whether there are other stairs to walk, whether they can be transferred from the roof or balcony, whether they can slide down with water pipes, bamboo poles or ropes, whether they can jump down step by step, and so on. As long as you think about it more, it is generally reversible.

If children, the elderly and patients are trapped upstairs, they should be rescued as soon as possible, such as using quilts, blankets and cotton-padded jackets. Some were tied with rope, some with torn sheets, some slipped down the rope, some were thrown on the balcony and roof, and so on. In order to get out of danger as soon as possible.

Calling for help is also a major rescue method. People trapped by fire can't get out. When people around you hear the cry for help, they will try to rescue them or report to the fire brigade for help.

Ten tips for family fire emergency

First, the initial fire is the easiest to put out. Before the arrival of the fire truck, if we can concentrate on rescue, we can often save the day and turn the corner.

Second, call the police early, and the earlier the alarm, the smaller the loss. Remember the "1 19" fire call?

Third, we must put out the fire first, and then carry the property. A slight delay will easily lead to great disaster. In case of fire, it is not advisable to rescue the property first, which may choke to death or lose the chance of escape.

Four, calm down, strictly abide by the order, in order to retreat safely in the fire. If we rush to each other, crowd each other, block the passage, and lead to self-trampling, it will cause undue tragedy.

The passage downstairs was blocked by fire. When there is no way out, tear the quilt sheets and tablecloths into cloth to form a rope, fasten the windowsill, cover your palm with a skirt and slide down the rope.

Six, the adjacent room is on fire, don't open the door, should jump out of the window balcony, call for help or use the former method to escape. Otherwise, hot smoke will take advantage of it and make people suffocate.

Seven, when the smoke is thick, don't panic, it is advisable to use knees and elbows to land and crawl forward, because there is often fresh air nearby. Be careful. Breathe small and shallow.

Eight, in the case of going upstairs, you must hold your breath and go upstairs. Because the speed of smoke rising is 3-5 meters per second, while the speed of people going upstairs is 3-5 meters per second, and the speed of people going upstairs is 0.5 meters per second.

9. When fleeing, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel. You can also cover your mouth and nose with water from vases, kettles and goldfish bowls in your room to wet clothes and fabrics. When you take your baby to escape, you can gently cover his face with a wet cloth, hold him in one hand and grab the thread in the other to escape.

Before you escape, be sure to close the door of the room with fire. Especially in buildings and hotels with more residents, this measure can limit the flame and smoke in one room, prevent them from spreading rapidly, and win valuable time for yourself and everyone.

Preventive measures of fire in public places

In order to effectively prevent fire accidents in public places, in addition to strengthening fire prevention knowledge education, the following safety measures must be taken:

1. Keep away from flammable materials when using electric heating equipment in public places. For example, an infrared heater is used, because its surface temperature is very high, and it is easy to cause fire when it is close to flammable substances.

2, the use of lighting lamps and lanterns to keep a safe distance with combustible substances. Otherwise, if the lighting lamp clings to wood or other flammable materials, it is also very dangerous. Because the surface temperature of the light bulb is very high. For example, the surface temperature of 60W incandescent lamp can reach135-180℃; The surface temperature of 100W incandescent lamp can reach 170-220℃, so when the bulb is exposed to flammable materials for a long time, it will lead to fire.

3. When people iron clothes or trim their hair with a hair dryer, they should cut off the power supply in time after use and put it on a nonflammable base, and then store it after the residual heat of the lamp is exhausted. Don't put it in the carton immediately after use, because the remaining heat will lead to other flammable items and cause fire.

In public places, people should unplug the soldering iron for maintaining electrical equipment after use, and then put it on a nonflammable base or concrete floor. Never put it on the floor or desk to prevent combustible materials such as the floor and desk from catching fire due to excessive temperature.

3. How to escape from a fire in a hospital?

(1) Stabilize emotions and avoid nervousness.

After a fire breaks out in a hospital, firstly, according to the broadcast system in the hospital, choose the best evacuation path, evacuation method and evacuation precautions. (2) Do a good job of smoke prevention and heat protection.

There are many flammable materials and related dangerous goods in the hospital. In the event of a fire, combustion will produce a lot of smoke and toxic gases. Therefore, before you escape, you must do a good job of smoke prevention and heat protection.

(3) Follow the instructions and evacuate in an orderly manner. The composition of hospital staff is very complicated. When a fire breaks out, it must be evacuated in an orderly manner under the guidance of medical staff to avoid crowding and affect the evacuation speed.

(4) For those who need help to evacuate, they can evacuate through the fire elevator with the help of nurses or their families. Never take the ordinary elevator.

4. Fire safety knowledge

Fire safety 20 1. Parents and teachers should educate their children to form a good habit of not playing with fire.

No unit may organize minors to put out fires. Don't throw cigarette butts and kindling.

3. Flammable and combustible materials should not be used in interior decoration. 4. Fire hydrants are related to public safety. Don't damage, occupy or bury them.

5. Take good care of fire-fighting equipment and master the usage of common fire-fighting equipment. 6. Do not bring inflammable and explosive articles into public places or take public transportation.

7. Pay attention to the fire signs when entering public places, and remember the evacuation direction. 8. In any case, keep the evacuation passage clear.

9. Anyone who finds an act endangering public fire safety can report it to the public security fire department or the public security personnel on duty. 10. Pay special attention to domestic fire, and don't place flammable and combustible materials near the fire source.

L 1。 In case of gas leakage, close the valve quickly, open the doors and windows, and do not touch the electrical switch or use naked flame. 12. Worn and aging wires should be repaired and replaced in time.

13. If the circuit fuse (chip) is blown, do not replace it with copper wire or iron wire. 14. Can't overload electricity.

15. Call the police as soon as you find a fire. There is no charge for the fire brigade to extinguish the fire. 16. People who know the fire situation should inform the firefighters of the people trapped in the fire and inflammable and explosive articles in time.

17. When a fire breaks out, evacuate quickly and don't be greedy for property. 18. When you have to escape through thick smoke, you should try to wrap your body with soaked clothes, cover your nose and mouth, and be close to the ground.

19. If there is a fire, you can roll on the spot or cover the fire with heavy clothes. 20. When the door is closed by fire and it is impossible to escape, you can block the crack of the door with soaked bedding and clothes, splash water to cool down and call for help.

Common sense of escape and self-help 1. When there is a fire, you should escape quickly and don't be greedy for property. 2. Family members should know the basic methods of fire escape and be familiar with several escape routes.

3. When threatened by fire, put on wet clothes and bedding immediately and rush out in the direction of safety exit. 4. When escaping from the thick smoke, try to keep your body close to the ground and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel.

5, the body is on fire, don't run, you can roll on the spot or use heavy clothes to suppress the flame. 6. Don't take the elevator in case of fire, and escape in the direction of the safety exit.

7, outdoor fire, the door is hot, don't open the door, to prevent fire into the room. Use soaked bedding, clothes, etc. To block the doors and windows, to splash water to cool down.

8. If all escape routes are blocked by fire, immediately return to the room and send a distress signal to the window by flashlight, waving clothes, making a phone call, etc. And wait for rescue. 9. Never jump off a building blindly. You can use evacuation stairs, balconies, drainage pipes, etc. In order to escape, or tear sheets and quilts into strips and connect them into ropes, and tie them tightly to fixtures such as window frames and iron railings, slide down the ropes, or go down to the floor without lights to escape.

Fire prevention knowledge 1, educate children not to play with fire and electrical equipment. 2, don't throw cigarette butts, don't smoke in bed.

3. Don't connect wires randomly, and don't replace circuit fuses with copper and iron wires. 4. Don't store more than 0.5 liters of gasoline, alcohol, natural water and other inflammable and explosive articles at home.

5. Don't leave people when lighting with naked flame, and don't look for things with naked flame. 6. Before leaving home or going to bed, check whether the electrical appliances are cut off, whether the gas valve is closed and whether the open flame is extinguished.

7, don't pile up sundry in the corridor, stairs, etc., to ensure the smooth passage and exit. 8. In case of gas leakage, quickly close the gas source valve, open the doors and windows for ventilation, do not touch the electrical switch and use naked flame, and promptly notify the professional maintenance department for handling.

9, can't dump liquefied gas residue. Fire fighting knowledge 1. Call the fire alarm number 1 19 if you find a fire.

When calling the police, please explain the detailed address, fire location, fire substance, fire size, name and telephone number of the alarm person, and send someone to meet the fire truck at the intersection. 2. When the gas tank is on fire, cover it with soaked bedding and clothes. Put out the fire and close the valve quickly.

3. When household appliances or lines catch fire, cut off the power supply first, and then use dry powder or gas fire extinguisher to put out the fire. Don't throw water directly to put out the fire, so as not to get an electric shock or explosion and hurt people. 4, don't rush to open the doors and windows when fire fighting, in order to avoid air convection, accelerate the spread of the fire.

How to use dry powder fire extinguisher 1 Before use, shake the fire extinguisher several times to loosen the dry powder in the bottle; 2, unplug the safety pin, aim at the root of the flame and press the handle to spray; 3, in the process of fire fighting, should always keep upright, not lying or upside down; 4. Prevent re-ignition after fire.

5. Fire safety knowledge information

Fire is the enemy of mankind, and it has the characteristics of madness, terror and destruction.

A merciless fire, it will burn thousands of properties in an instant, and even brutally destroy and take away people's precious lives. Therefore, learning fire fighting, knowing fire fighting and mastering some necessary fire fighting common sense are the basic requirements of the company for all employees.

"Prevention first, combining prevention with elimination" and "nip in the bud" are the basic principles for doing a good job in fire control. Therefore, it is imperative to cultivate the fire-fighting concept of all employees, strengthen the awareness of fire safety prevention, and establish a voluntary fire-fighting team that not only understands fire-fighting knowledge and regulations, but also keeps pace with the times. Therefore, the Administration Department organized relevant personnel to compile this set of training materials and conducted a training for all employees.

First, what is fire fighting? Fire fighting is the general term for preventing and fighting fires. A. Conditions for fire extinguishing and combustion: control combustible materials, isolate combustion-supporting materials, eliminate fire sources, destroy combustion conditions, and finally achieve the purpose of fire prevention.

B, fighting is based on different combustion conditions, using different fire extinguishing methods (suffocation fire extinguishing method, cooling fire extinguishing method, isolation fire extinguishing method, suppression fire extinguishing method). Sometimes several methods are even used to grasp the attack opportunity and assist in cooperation, so that the existing combustion conditions are destroyed and the fire is extinguished quickly and effectively.

C, pay attention to the smooth flow of fire exits. Two, four basic fire extinguishing methods 1, suffocation fire extinguishing method The suffocation fire extinguishing method is based on the condition that combustible combustion needs enough air (oxygen), taking appropriate measures to prevent air from flowing into the combustion zone, or diluting (diluting) the oxygen content in the air with incombustible substances or inert gases, so that combustible materials can be extinguished in the absence of oxygen.

This fire extinguishing method is suitable for fire extinguishing in closed rooms, production devices and equipment containers. 2. Cooling fire extinguishing method Cooling fire extinguishing method is to spray water or fire extinguishing agent directly on the burning object according to the condition that the combustible must reach a certain temperature when burning, so as to reduce the temperature of the burning object below the ignition point, thus terminating the combustion.

3, isolation fire extinguishing method Isolation fire extinguishing method is based on the condition that there must be combustibles in combustion, and the combustibles adjacent to the combustibles are isolated to stop the combustion. 4. Suppression fire extinguishing method Suppression fire extinguishing method is to spray fire extinguishing agent on the burning object and participate in the combustion reaction process, so that the free radicals generated in the combustion disappear and form stable molecules or low-activity free radicals, thus ending the combustion.

Three. Classification and use of fire extinguishers A fire extinguisher is a portable fire extinguisher that can be moved manually. It consists of cylinder, cylinder head, bottle container, bottle holder, nozzle and other parts.

It has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, wide application and so on, and is an essential fire extinguishing equipment for fighting the initial fire. The classification of fire extinguishers is as follows: A. Chemical foam extinguisher 1. Suitable for fires of petroleum products, grease, etc. , can't put out the fire of water-soluble flammable and combustible liquid, also can't put out the fire of electrical equipment.

2. Usage: ① When you arrive at the fire scene in time, don't tilt the fire extinguisher, let alone horizontally or upside down. (2) When the distance from the ignition point is about 10 meter, the cylinder can be turned upside down, with one hand grasping the bail and the other hand grasping the bottom of the cylinder, aiming the foam at the combustible.

(3) If the combustible liquid keeps flowing and burning, the foam should be sprayed from far and near; if it is burned in the container, the foam should be sprayed to the height of the inner wall of the container, and it is forbidden to spray directly to the liquid surface. (4), solid fire extinguishing, foam should be aimed at the most violent place.

(5) Always keep the fire extinguisher upside down when using it. B carbon dioxide fire extinguisher 1. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers are generally suitable for extinguishing the initial fires of live appliances, expensive equipment, books and materials and flammable liquids below 600 volts.

2. Usage: ① Take the fire extinguisher out of the fire when putting out the fire, and put it about 5 meters away from the burning materials. ② Pull out the safety pin, and hold the handle at the root of the horn with one hand and the pressure handle of the switch valve with the other.

(3), for carbon dioxide fire extinguishers without injection soft arm, the horn should be lowered to 70-90 degrees. (4) When using, you can't directly grasp the outer wall of the horn and the metal connecting pipe with your hands to prevent your hands from being frostbitten.

⑤ When putting out a fire, when combustible substances are flowing and burning, users should spray the nozzle of the carbon dioxide fire extinguisher from near to far. ⑥ If the combustible liquid burns in the container, the user should raise the horn and spray it into the burning container from the upper part of one side of the container, but the carbon dioxide jet cannot directly rush to the surface of the combustible liquid.

⑦ When using a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher outdoors, spray it in the upwind direction and use it in a narrow space. Leave quickly after use to prevent suffocation and poisoning. C dry powder fire extinguisher 1. The dry powder fire extinguisher is powered by high-pressure carbon dioxide and uses dry powder in the spray pipe to extinguish the fire. It is suitable for putting out the initial fires of petroleum and products, flammable gases, flammable liquids and electrical equipment. , widely used in factories, mines, ships, oil depots and other places.

2. Usage: When putting out the fire, quickly bring the fire extinguisher to the fire site, put it down at a place 5 meters away from the burning site, then pull the safety pin and press the handle to aim at the root of the fire site from near to far. D, 12 1 1 fire extinguisher 1. Suitable for initial fire caused by any combustible.

2. Its use method is the same as that of dry powder fire extinguisher. Fourth, the knowledge of fire hydrants A. The composition of fire hydrants 1. It is mainly composed of fire hose, water gun, fire water valve, special fire pool, fire hose, alarm automatic pressurization pump and so on.

2. Usage: In case of fire, first break the alarm glass with a fire bell, then throw away the fire hose, and put one end of the fire hose on the hydrant mouth, and the other end is connected with a water gun. After holding the water gun firmly, unscrew the water valve of the fire hydrant and spray it at the fire point. B, throwing fire hose, hose should be thrown smoothly, not twisted or folded; When tightening the water valve of fire hydrant, hold the water gun firmly, so as to avoid the water gun swinging under the action of water pressure and hurting people. The water valve should also be unscrewed as far as possible to ensure the water pressure and water output of the water gun.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) knowledge of fire fighting and rescue Once a fire breaks out, you must be calm, organized, disciplined, prepared, effective and timely in the face of emergencies. A, alarm one is to alarm the people around you; The second is to report to the unit and the voluntary fire brigade of the unit; The third is to call the local public security fire.

(The domestic fire alarm telephone number is "119") B. Fire fighting: Please refer to this information for specific methods. C, rescue measures in the event of a fire, if someone is trapped by the fire, especially.

6. Know four things about fire safety and four things.

Four understandings:

First of all, understand the fire danger of this position. 1, to prevent electric shock; 2. Prevent fire; 3. Flammable, combustible and fire source.

Second, understand the measures to prevent fire. 1, strengthen the management of combustible materials; 2. Manage and control all kinds of fire sources; 3. Strengthen the management of electrical equipment and its circuits; 4. Flammable and explosive places should have enough applicable fire-fighting facilities, and check them frequently to make them useful and effective.

Third, know how to put out the fire. 1, cooling fire extinguishing method; 2. Isolation fire extinguishing method; 3, suffocation fire extinguishing method; 4. Restrain fire extinguishing methods.

Fourth, know how to escape. 1, get familiar with the surrounding environment when you save yourself and escape, and evacuate the fire quickly; 2, emergency evacuation to ensure that the channel is not blocked, to ensure the smooth escape route; 3, emergency evacuation should obey the command, to ensure the orderly evacuation as soon as possible; 4. When an accident happens, call for help from others, don't delay time, so as to be rescued in time, and don't be greedy for property; 5. Learn to protect yourself, try to keep a low posture and crawl forward, and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel; 6. Keep calm, use local materials, use curtains and sheets as ropes to escape safely; 7. Go straight to the passage when you escape, and don't enter the elevator to prevent being locked in the elevator; 8. When fireworks seal the escape passage, close the doors and windows, and block the gaps between doors and windows with wet towels to prevent smoke from invading the room; 9. When your obligation is on fire, don't panic and run around, roll on the spot and hold down the flame; 10, when there is no way to escape, you should call for help in time and escape from the predicament quickly.

Sihui:

First, it will call the police. 1, alarm loudly, and use manual alarm equipment to alarm; 2, such as using a dedicated telephone, manual alarm button, fire hydrant button hit, etc. ; 3. Call 1 19 to contact the local public security fire department.

Second, you can use fire-fighting equipment. (The operation methods of various portable fire extinguishers are simply as follows: firstly, pull out the safety pin; Secondly, hold the nozzle; Third, press the handle; Fourth, aim at the root of the flame. )

Third, it will put out the initial fire. When putting out the initial fire, we must follow the principles of first controlling and then extinguishing, first saving people, first focusing and then general.

Fourth, evacuation and escape will be organized. 1, organize evacuation according to the evacuation plan; 2. Inform the situation as appropriate to prevent confusion; 3. Group implementation guidance.