Mo Youzhi (1811~1871) is a native of Dushan, Guizhou. In the late Qing Dynasty, he was an engraver, catalog poet and calligrapher, and an important member of the Song School. The study of family history and writing exegesis, together with Zunyi Zhengzhen, is called "the great Confucianism in Southwest China".

Chinese name: Mo Youzhi.

Alias: Ziquan

Nationality: China.

Ethnic group: Buyi nationality

Place of birth: dushan county, Guizhou.

Date of birth: 18 1 1 year.

Date of death: 187 1 year.

Occupation: Jishi Shu, Hanlin Academy.

Main achievements: Jiaqing was a scholar for four years (1799).

Representative works: Knowledge, Knowledge and Biography, Minutes of Xie Yujing, Zhai and Cang.

Achievements: The Great Scholar is in the southwest of China.

Word: Zi

No.: _ Pavilion, Ziquan, _ Sou

Father: Mo Yuzhuo

Qianbei celebrity

Mo Youzhi was born in a scholarly family. His father Mo Yuzhuo followed his parents to Zunyi for three years (1823). Worship the beach as a teacher and study with Li. Daoguang took a scholar in six years and a man in eleven years. He used to be a professor in Jishi Shu, imperial academy, a magistrate in Yanyuan, Sichuan, and a magistrate in Zunyi, Guizhou. He has written books such as On the Near South, Benevolence, and The Legacy of Mr. Zhen Ding.

Mo Youzhi was literate at the age of three and read Shi Mao and Shangshu at the age of seven. Daoguang eight years (1828), admitted to the Jinshi. In the eleventh year of Daoguang (183 1), he won the eleventh place as a juror, but he tried every time. In the twenty-first year of Daoguang (184 1), Zhengzhen and Zhengzhen wrote Annals of Zunyi, with 48 volumes, 33 titles and 14 subtitle, totaling more than 800,000 words. Compared with other local chronicles of the same era, Zunyi Fuzhi is complete in style and informative. Historians think that it can be as famous as Shui Jing Zhu, which Liang Qichao called "The Records of the Thirty Years in the World", so Mo Youzhi and Zhengzhen became famous and were called "Southwestern Scholars". Zhang Yuzhao said: "The study of Confucius is discussed in elegance, old religion, six classics, famous things and systems. Moreover, the words of the epigraphy cataloger are extremely profound, especially to dredge the source and distinguish the true from the false. There is no difference between the two. Poetry and prose all come from people, and the sound of nature is far-reaching. It is also true that the work has really been done, and the seeker is facing the door. "

Daoguang lived in Zeng Guofan's shogunate for twenty-seven years (1847). He bought Jiangnan suicide note on behalf of Zeng's family, and later served as the overseer of Zeng Guofan's Jiangnan official bookstore, and took the post of collating classics and history. That is, during this period, he devoted himself to the study of edition bibliography and achieved important results. There are two representative works of Mo Youzhi's bibliography: One is the Catalogue of Old Books in Song and Yuan Dynasties, which is a record of the old manuscripts and manuscripts of Song, Jin and Ming Dynasties that he saw during his travels in Shanghai and other places from Tongzhi Ebou (1865) to Keith (1869). The first one is Biography of _ Ding Zhijian, which is his version annotation to A Concise Catalogue of Sikuquanshu, and it is a masterpiece in the history of version bibliography.

In seventeen years, he followed Zhengzhen to Beijing to take the exam. The next year, they were the last to come back and were hired by the magistrate to jointly compile Zunyi Annals. It took three years to write a book. In 22 years, he was hired as a lecturer at Xiangchuan College. In twenty-six years, I went to Beijing to try books, and bought books in bookstores in my spare time, so I met Zeng Guofan. In the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858), he tried again in Beijing and failed. Follow father's instruction and don't work for fame. After staying in Beijing for more than ten years, he gave up his candidacy, went south to Hubei, Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, and spent more than ten years in Zeng Guofan's shogunate. Make friends with bachelor of arts, collect rare ancient books, epigraphy and calligraphy. His talent and knowledge were widely praised. In the meantime, I once published Reading Shi Binglu for Hu Linyi in Wuchang, and was hired by many publishing houses in Suzhou and Yangzhou to proofread ancient books. Visit the lost classics in Wenzong Pavilion in Zhenjiang and Wenhui Pavilion in Yangzhou, and visit the Qi Liang Stone Monument in Shangyuan and Jurong in the Six Dynasties. Traverse the books in Jiangnan, focusing on edition bibliography and epigraphy.

In the second year of Tongzhi (1863), Qi Juanzao recommended it to North Korea, especially for the purpose of expropriation of a magistrate, but Mo Youzhi politely declined it. Still committed to learning.

In the fourth year of Tongzhi (1865), Mo Youzhi was the editor-in-chief of Jinling Bookstore and settled in Jinling, taking Yingshan Caotang as the name of the bookstore. The books collected in Yingshan Caotang are mostly block-printed, copied and school-based, especially the remnant of Shuo Wen Jie Zi in Tang Dynasty, which is the most precious relic in Yuanhe period of Tang Xianzong. When Zeng Guofan saw this book, he was amazed, and he ordered people to pass it on from generation to generation, and wrote an inscription for it: "There are many bamboo shoots in the tea forest, how can you see Tang Ben in the world!" In the ninth year of Tongzhi (1870), Mo Youzhi was the chief editor of Yangzhou Bookstore, and Li Hongzhang and Zhang Zhidong invited him to give lectures at Wuchang Academy, but he refused because of his advanced age. The following year, I went to Yangzhou and Xinghua to look for the books that were lost after Wenzong and Wen Hui Pavilion were burned. I suddenly felt cold and had a high fever. I died on the boat and was buried in Qingtian Mountain, Xinzhou, Zunyi. Zeng Guofan personally wrote a couplet: love at first sight in Beijing. At that time, there was a bridge at the head of the tiger market, and the books were ordered to be handed in, so I learned early; Jiang Biao often spent ten years together. Today, on Mochow Lake, wine bottles and tears come to mourn the soul of poetry.

In the autumn of ten years, he took his son Mo to Yangzhou, suddenly fell ill on the way and died on the boat at the age of 6 1. Zeng Guofan, then governor of the two rivers, led hundreds of subordinate officials to pay homage and sent an elegiac couplet saying: "Love at first sight, Beijing fell in love. At that time, the bridge of Tiger Market was built, the book shop was booked, and Qin Ping stayed in school. Jiang Biao was together for ten years. Today, on Mochow Lake, wine bottles shed tears to mourn the poet. "

Historical documents of Qing dynasty

He Zhuo, a professor of official studies in Zunyi, advocated Park Studies in Japan. Mr. Zhang is silent and profound, and he is well versed in the studies of Xu and Zheng. At that time, Zhengzhen also came all the way from the professor and was very friendly with his comrades. After five or six years, his career benefited a lot. Scholars in central Guizhou pushed Zheng and Mo, and became famous in southwest China.

My family is poor, I like to dig up old scores and collect rare books. Over time, I have been reading for a long time, sleeping and eating. Therefore, I am familiar with the ancient teachings of Confucianism and elegance, the system of six classics and famous things, and the words of the stone catalogue. Dredge the source, distinguish between true and false, and lose the difference between fresh baht and inch. If you go back to work, you will be good at poetry and books. I like shopping and chatting, and meet people who are not tall, cheap and virtuous. Compared with ancient and modern times, Japanese and businessmen in their leisure time compete with each other in judging the art of ink painting, talking and laughing. Although it is easy to care about the outside world, there is self-control in the middle.

Since Daoguang Xinmao was raised in the countryside, even if/kloc-went to Beijing at the age of 0/8, he was eager to please. He must choose his options carefully or reject them. I will try my best to report, sign a magistrate and choose an official, but I won't give up. I went from Hu Wenzhong to Taihu Lake to proofread reading history and soldiers. Anqing and Jinling from Ceng Wenzheng. For more than ten years, Ke Fan Zheng Wen has settled in the south of the Yangtze River, wandered between Jianghuai and wuyue with his wife Bai Xia, and knew his Confucianism and Yan Shuo like the back of his hand. In the fourth year of Tongzhi, Fu Su and Li Hongzhang invited state and county officials to go to the DPRK, but they could not die. Ten years ago, I went to Yangzhou and Xinghua to ask for books from Wenzong and Wen Hui. I died at the age of 6/kloc-0.

Mr. Wang treasured these documents all his life and thought it was a "Qian Zhi" to polish the border people. During the reign of Daoguang, he and Zheng He wrote the Annals of Zunyi, which was a collection of books and geography since the Han and Tang Dynasties, but was abandoned in unofficial history, supplemented by accuracy and accurate style. It was written in 48 volumes. In time, it is accompanied by Shui Jing Zhu and Huayang Guozhi. He also edited Poems of Qian Ren in Ming Dynasty, which is thirty-two volumes of Qian Shi Lue. Guizhou literature can be described first.

Living in Jinling, I asked Tang to write a book called Shuowen, which is also a lacquer book of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Taking Zheng Duan's and Yan's proofreading as an example, I wrote a volume "Cultivating Differences". In Jurong Mountain, I visited Liang Bei, devoting myself to supervise the development, so I wrote a volume of Liang Shi Ji.

The rest are four volumes of Textual Research on Laws, twelve volumes of Records of the Palace, three volumes of Records of Old Books in Song and Yuan Dynasties, one volume of Appendix, one volume of Notes on Meng Yue's Spectrum, six volumes of Pavilion Poems, eight volumes of Pavilion Legacy and the rest of Poems. There are several volumes _ Pavilion Classics, Book Classics Catalogue, Old Edition Book Classics Catalogue and Yingshan Ci.

Literary achievements

Mo Youzhi's works are abundant, and his Records of Classics of Old Books in Song and Yuan Dynasties and its appendices, Knowledge, Knowledge, Biography and Collection are valued by catalog scholars. The Origin of Rhyme, a book about literature and wooden notes written in the Tang Dynasty, etc. , has contributed to the study of phonology and exegetics. His literary works are of high style and large output, reflecting the real life of all aspects of society at that time. His Pavilion Poetry consists of eight volumes, including 546 poems, six volumes of Pavilion Poetry Copy, 40 1 poem, two volumes of Yingshan Ci, one volume outside, hundreds of poems, and one volume of Yin Su Miscellanies and Notes on Cocoon Spectrum. ), "Zi Tongzhi Jian Suoyin" and so on. In addition, he collected more than 2,290 poems of 266 poets in Guizhou, and compiled them into 33 volumes of Guizhou Poems. These works are of great literary and historical value.

Because he published few works before his death, and a large number of diaries, letters, manuscripts and notes were scattered all over the country, people today lack a basic and accurate understanding of Mo Youzhi's life and academic achievements. The Chronicle of Mo Youzhi compiled by Zhonghua Book Company (edited by Zhang Jian) has been incorporated into all the diaries and more than 200 letters of pavilions, absorbed nearly 100 kinds of Mo Youzhi publications, manuscripts and banknotes, and made a detailed chronology of Mo Youzhi's deeds and writings, which should help to fully understand Mo Youzhi.

Secondly, Mo's son Mo compiled _ Pavilion, Knowledge, Seeing and Biography, which can be said to be a supplement to Shao's Notes on Four Treasures of the Study's Concise Catalogue.

Full of doors and flowers

There are many cultural celebrities in the Mo Youzhi family. His father, Mo Yuzhuo, was a juren in the third year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1798) and was a scholar the following year. In the sixth year of Jiaqing (180 1), Jishi Shu became the county magistrate of Yanyuan, Sichuan Province, with many achievements. Mo Yuzhuo 19 taught Zunyi, taking Xu Shen and Zheng Xuan as disciples, and studied Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty. Mo Youzhi, Zhengzhen and other "Southwestern Scholars" are all his disciples. He is good at textual research and has a good knowledge of Guizhou's historical geography. He is the author of a geographical examination of Duyun Nanqi and above, On the Near South, Benevolence, Miscellaneous Poems and so on. After his death, Zeng Guofan personally wrote the Tombstone of Mo and Zhuo for him, and Li Shuchang, a famous Guizhou diplomat and essayist, one of the "four sons of Zeng Men", also made an epitaph for him, saying that he "advocated scholars to learn from simplicity and wash away the ugliness of the south".

Mo Tingzhi, Mo Youzhi's brother. Educated by his father, brother and Zhengzhen since childhood, he is good at poetry and ancient prose and is famous for his educational literature. In the 29th year of Daoguang (A.D. 1849), he was recruited as a Gongsheng, and took part in the examination of Beijing Yingli Company the following year. I will give up my career and concentrate on learning knowledge. Qian Shilue, edited by him and Li Ruqian, has a total of 33 volumes, which is a collection of poems in Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty, and is as famous as Qian Shilue edited by him. He is the author of "Qingtian Lushan Poetry Banknote" and "Qingtian Lushan Poetry Banknote". Li Chunzhai carved it for him in Japan. It's really simple. Engaged in small seals and eight-part essay work, very interested in nature.

Mo Xiangzhi, Mo Youzhi's younger brother. He has been an official in Jiangsu and Zhejiang for 20 years, and he has made great achievements. He used to be a judge in Shanghai. Shen Baozhen recommended him to the court with "the strength of character". After that, I majored in Shangyuan County Records and Jiangning County Records.

Mo Sunsheng, Mo Youzhi's second son. The title of sheriff. In the 12th year of Guangxu reign (A.D. 1886), Liu Ruifen was sent to Russia and France as a counsellor. He left his job because of his integrity and lived alone in Yangzhou for a long time, sorting out and engraving his grandfather's and father's suicide notes, and integrating 66 volumes of Dushan Mohs suicide note. Edited the Catalogue of Yingshan Caotang.

Mo Tang, son of Mo Xiangzhi. In his early years, he traveled in Guangdong and Guangxi for more than ten years, and he had a deep friendship with Li Ruqian, the first person in China who put forward the idea of "owned by the people, governed by the people and enjoyed by the people". In his later years, Mo Tang lived in Suzhou and was good at catalog edition. He likes to collect and print the works of people in his hometown, collect Zheng Ziyin's Poems of Nest Classics and Nest Legacy, edit 24 volumes of Collection of Nest Classics and Nest Legacy, and calibrate Song Zhao's poems and grasses in Zunyi with a light stone room. , and compiled the Yuan Wen Building Book Catalogue, and wrote the Tongjing Study Book and Postscript.

Personal calligraphy

Mo Youzhi is good at calligraphy and is one of the top ten calligraphers in Qing Dynasty. Li Shuchang commented on his book "Divide the seal script into Gao Qian, and Xiong Sibiao". Mr. Sha Menghai, a great contemporary calligrapher, commented in his book "Three Hundred Years' Study of Calligraphy" that "Deng Zhuan's calligraphy is the best, followed by Zhao and Wu Xizai". Professor Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts commented on his book: "Guizhou once had something, and the perfection of his works is not under Zhao and Yang Shoujing, but it may have won." Scholars of different times, calligraphers of such high standards and unanimous praise show that Mo Youzhi's achievements in calligraphy are by no means empty words. In the eighth year of the Republic of China, You Zheng Bookstore published the seal script of Mo Youzhi Zhen Cao Li, and reprinted it many times. Among the works of painters and calligraphers whose exit from National Cultural Heritage Administration is restricted, Mo Youzhi is among them. Among the modern and contemporary masters of calligraphy and seal cutting, Hua Yao, Chen Zifen and Wang Chaorui are all influenced by their calligraphy styles.

Mo Youzhi's calligraphy is excellent in four aspects, and his seal script is the most praised. His methods of seal script are rich. Yang Shoujing commented: "Zi _ calligraphy" Shao Shi Monument "is excellent. He also "tasted more than 100 seals on the head of the Han tablet, and most of his seal scripts came from here." .

In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Shu, Wang Hong and others, who were famous for their seal characters, all used hard pen, short pen and dry ink as seal characters, and tied their bodies with pens, which were stable and symmetrical. And inherited Deng's method, writing books with long hair and thick ink hanging down his wrist. With a pen, Xu Shu flows away, twists and turns, thick and accurate; The knot is tight and loose; Rules and ranks are well organized, style is peaceful and simple, and air is elegant and elegant. It is unique among the famous calligraphers in the Qing Dynasty. In terms of official scripts, Mo Youzhi is also quite successful. Its style is ancient, the metaphor is clever and clumsy, the brushwork is Fiona Fang's, and the structure is shaped by words, sweeping away the long-standing habit of being an official. Its composition, mainly using vertical trends and vivid charm, looks old in style and muddy in weather. Because Mo Youzhi likes to collect, he has an extraordinary vision, so he has left many famous monuments in his books, such as Elegant Monuments in the Book of Rites, Gu Zhuo in Zhang Qianbei, Muddy Wood of Monuments in Fang Heng, The Turn of the North of Summer, The Writing Style of Monuments Made in Heaven, The Structure of Monuments in Baishi and Shen Jun, etc. Its achievements should be based on Tingzhou and Senior Minister. In terms of lines and patterns, although his influence is far less than his seal and official script. However, he seems to have made great achievements in exploring Wei's career. Because of his few works, we can only get a glimpse of his achievements from some of his letters and inscriptions. His pen seems careless, but it has the beauty of flying naturally. In one go, the rules and regulations vary in size and level. The mountain overlapping water flow twists and turns is worried that no way can walk, the willow green flowers suddenly appear a mountain village. Forget the fish, full of energy and long lasting appeal. His regular script is based on the blueprint. It seems that the integration of Han and Wei dynasties is simple, self-sufficient and full of books. Although Mo Youzhi was born in a backcountry, he was diligent in his studies and good at poetry collection. Among his peers, there are many social elites and academic leaders, so he can learn from each other and learn from each other's strengths, which enables him to stride forward and stand out from the crowd. He once said: "Painting and calligraphy can look at people; Calligraphers win with pen and ink, while writers of moral articles and political affairs in past dynasties, although unknown, are always above calligraphers. " Mo Youzhi was indifferent to learning all his life. Calligraphy has no intention of becoming famous, but it is highly respected by future generations. In the Qing Dynasty, most book critics took Deng as the crown of the book circle, but they all mentioned it as a banner, flying high in the commanding heights of the book circle, which made future generations lament!

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Famous bibliophile and edition scientist in Qing Dynasty. He led Jiangnan Bookstore for several years, visited Wenzong Pavilion and Wenhui Pavilion, and looked at ancient and modern books. He has close contacts with Jiangnan bibliophiles Zhang, Liu, Wang Shiduo and Yu Songnian, and has visited the collections of various collectors many times. He is knowledgeable, good at calligraphy and fine literature, and is also called "Zheng Mo" with the truth. The collection of books is extremely rich. During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, I traveled all over the Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Wujiang River and Yuejiang River, making friends with celebrities and searching for rare books. Song, Yuan, Jin, Ming and Qing Dynasties have a large number of engraved copies, school-based copies and manuscripts, totaling 165 boxes. The masterpiece is Remnants of the Tang Dynasty, which was written in the fifteenth year of Tang Dynasty (820). There are _ Pavilion and Yingshan Caotang in the museum, and the study is named Yingshan Caotang according to the poem "There are shadows outside the bamboo" written by Xie Tiao, a poet in the Jin Dynasty. Printed copies 10, such as Seal of Secretary Mo, Hidden in Yingshan Caotang, Beyond Travel, etc. Good proofreading. He has made in-depth research on typology and bibliography, and compiled the volume _ pavilion knowledge biography, 16, which describes the authenticity and origin of ancient books and has unique opinions on the identification of ancient books. He recorded 130 kinds of transcripts, transcripts and manuscripts of Song Dynasty, Jin Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty during Tongzhi period. In addition to textual research, there are still some problems in the book, which can be used as reference for textual research of rare books and help future generations to analyze the origin and study epigraphy. In addition, there are 2 bibliographic manuscripts of Yingshan Caotang, with more than 2,600 titles and more than 3,000 titles of Tingxing. Mozi Sun Sheng, whose real name is Zhong Wu, is a teacher from other provinces. He inherited his library in Yingshan Caotang and bought books one after another. He is the author of _ Pavilion Calligraphy and Painting Classic, Zitongzhijian Suoyin, _ Pavilion Poem Copy, _ Pavilion Legacy, Notes on Qian Poems, Guo Ting's Broken Records, Yingshan Ci, Musical Research, Biography of Silkworm Cocoons, and Liang Shi Collection. There are two volumes for Ding Richang, namely "Summary of Collection of Books in Jingzhai", which is a bibliography of ancient books in Song and Yuan Dynasties collected by Ding Richang.

Personal anecdote

First, the ancestral rabbit farm

Mo Zu was born in Dushan Rabbit Farm (now Yingshan Town) and was his great-grandfather since the sixth edition of Modian. You Zhi's father, Mo Yuzhuo (also known as a Jew), left his hometown in Yanyuan County, Sichuan Province in the tenth year of Jiaqing (1805) and refused to be reinstated on the grounds of caring for his elderly mother. He was a disciple in his hometown and gave lectures at Dushanziquan Academy.

Second, Tomoko was born.

Mo Youzhi, born in _,No. _ Pavilion,No. _ Search, was born in Dushanfu (now dushan county), Guizhou Province on the third day of May in the 16th year of Jiaqing (181), and went to live in a rabbit farm (now Yingshan Town).

Third, farming and reading family heirlooms

When Tomoko was born, she had a grandmother, three brothers, three sisters and one sister. There are twelve people in the family. They are very rich.

Fourth, the thatched cottage is very warm in spring.

Knowing is smart since childhood, and you can read at the age of three. The thatched cottage where he studied is in the backyard of the house with beautiful environment. Sometimes my father goes to Dushan College to give lectures, and his third brother Fang Zhi will teach at home.

Yingshan Deyi

Youzhi could recite many poems when he was seven years old. One day, he saw the shadow of a distant mountain looming in the depths of the bamboo forest outside the thatched cottage. He suddenly remembered a poem by Xie Tiao, a poet in the Jin Dynasty, which reflected the mountains beyond the bamboo, and asked his father to name the thatched cottage where they studied as Yingshan thatched cottage. Since then, Yingshan Caotang has become famous.

Sixth, learning Ziquan.

When Naoko Waichuan was nine years old, her grandmother died. My father and I are still giving lectures at Ziquan College, and I have learned a lot from my friends and teachers.

Outstanding at the age of seven or eight

At the age of eight, besides the Six Classics, he read four books and began to learn Cang Xie. Because of his cleverness, strong memory and rapid progress, he is often praised by his elders. In addition, respecting the old and loving the young since childhood has won the praise of the village.

Eight, charge an engagement fee

One day, Xia Hongshi, my father's friend of the same year, visited and saw Youzhi reading Shangshu, so he quoted idioms from the book. Youzhi's answer deeply called Xia Yi, and she immediately promised to marry her three daughters to Youzhi. This year, Tomoko was eleven years old.

Nine, move the capital to Zunyi

You was thirteen years old, and his father Mo and Zhuo were elected as Zunyi official professors. You Zhi, his mother and sister-in-law, a total of eight people, met his father in Zunyi. My mother and brother are still at home in the rabbit farm.

Tang Yin studies hard.

There is a "Tangyin Bookstore" in the professor department. When Youzhi was studying here, she met Zhengzhen (Ziyin), who is five years older than him. Under her father's strict education of advocating simplicity and seeking truth from facts to learn cultural heritage, she read a lot of books and laid the foundation for her study.

11. Returning to China to study.

In the spring of the sixth year of Daoguang (1826), he returned to Dushan to send disciples (scholars), which was quite famous. After visiting relatives and classmates in her hometown, Youzhi returned to Zunyi to continue her studies.

Twelve, after having obtained the provincial examination.

183 1 year, especially 2 1 year. She took the examination of Xinmaoke Province in Guiyang, the provincial capital, and won the jury 1 1. His papers were greatly appreciated by (Dayuan) and Wu (Haoliang).

Welcome to pick up Fu's clothes.

/kloc-in the spring of 0/832, Youzhi married Xia Fuyi, the timely daughter of Xia Hong. Under the influence of his father, he was indifferent to the imperial examination fame and devoted himself to the study of Xu and Zheng, history and hundreds of poems.

Fourteen, the first apprenticeship

Hu Bingjun, the academic supervisor of Zunyi County, was a juren of the father of the tour that year. Because he appreciated the knowledge of knowing very much, he sent his son Hu Changxin to Mohism to learn from knowing. You Zhi is 24 years old.

15. Zheng Mo is equally famous.

Zhengzhen and Mo Youzhi often exchange their reading experiences together, especially in the field of park research, and encourage each other. "Therefore, you are famous. You are a Chinese language scholar in Guizhou. People are called Zheng and Mo. "

Sixteen, will try to finish first.

In the sixteenth year of Daoguang (1836), you zhi failed in the spring exam in Beijing Cohen. When he comes back from behind, his father doesn't care. Only by encouraging him to concentrate on his studies can he achieve great things.

17. Go to Beijing twice.

In the eighteenth year of Daoguang (1838), Zhengzhen and Mo Youzhi went to Beijing again to take the spring exam of the Reform Movement of 1898, but both failed because they didn't want to look for jobs everywhere. Passing the exam increased their dissatisfaction with the imperial examination system.

Eighteen, editing career

After returning to Zunyi, it coincided with the initiative of the Governor of Guizhou to compile local chronicles. Pinghan, the magistrate of Zunyi, has long admired the names of Zheng and Mo, and specially invited two people to co-edit the Records of Zunyi Prefecture. As a result, Youzhi had a busy and stable interview and editing career for several years.

Nineteen, Yumen topic wall

1839 autumn, You Zhi, Zheng Zhen and others went to Yumen Temple in Zunyi Beach to interview materials. They were warmly received by monks and invited to write books on the cliff. Youzhi wrote an official script and signed it "Ziquan Mo Youzhi" (this cliff is still there).

be concerned about one's country and one's people

The failure of China in the Opium War exposed the corruption and incompetence of the Qing court. You Zhi said in an article: "Geng Xin is falling, the sea waves are rising, the water balance is telling, and half of it is in the southeast, which is not peaceful." It can be seen that he cares about the country and the people.

Twenty-one, knowing and teaching

In A.D. 184 1 year, Youyou and Zhengzhen jointly compiled the final version of Youyou Youfu Zhi. When Tomoko's parents died one after another, the burden of family life fell on Tomoko's shoulders. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/832, You Zhi was hired to teach at Xiangchuan College after his father and entered a teaching career.

Twenty-two, relatives in Maha Province

/kloc-in the winter of 0/845, Youzhi and his wife returned to Gaojian, and Maha (now Majiang) visited their parents-in-law after ten years' absence, and happily waited until the Spring Festival next year before reluctantly returning to Zunyi.

Twenty-three, Zeng Mo ordered to pay.

1847 In the spring, You Zhi took the third spring exam in Beijing, but he still failed. One day, in Liulichang Bookstore, I met Zeng Guofan (named Sheng Di), an assistant lecturer at the Hanlin Academy. Talking about the door of Chinese studies by chance, Frant Gwo was surprised and sighed: There is an inherent tradition in Guizhou, and students have become friends one by one.

Twenty-four, new home construction

/kloc-in the summer of 0/850, you zhi's family was forced to move out of the dilapidated official residence that had been rented for ten years, and borrowed money from Biyun Mountain in Zunyi to build several huts to live in. After the completion of the new house, Youzhi still used the name of "Yingshan Caotang" and hung a calligraphy plaque under the eaves to express his nostalgia for his hometown.

Twenty-five, Gao Jian condolences

1852, Tomoko's mother-in-law and father-in-law passed away one after another, and Tomoko paid homage to them twice, feeling a lot. At that time, Tomoko's _ Pavilion Poetry Banknote and the real "Lijing Nest Poetry Banknote" came out.

Twenty-six, reading besieged city

In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), Yang Feng, the leader of Jainism in Tongzi County, rebelled, captured Tongzi and besieged Zunyi City on a large scale. "After months of siege, Youzhi studied among them and kept calm." In his twenty-six poems Chronicle of Rebellion, he truthfully reflected the cruelty of officers and men to the people, corruption and incompetence, and strict military discipline of the rebels.

27. The thatched cottage was destroyed.

In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), peasant uprisings broke out in various parts of Guizhou. In August, the rabbit farm in Youzhi's hometown was burned, and Yingshan thatched cottage and houses were reduced to ashes. The next year, Tomoko was very sad after learning the news.

Twenty-eight, coaching Guiyang

1857, Liu Shunian, the magistrate of Guiyang, was introduced by Zhengzhen and hired Youzhi as a tutor in Guiyang. At that time, Liu Ge Tingzhi also taught private schools in Guiyang. After Youzhi went to Guiyang alone, he lived with his sixth brother and felt very comfortable with the respect of his master.

Twenty-nine, Shi Jing friends.

After a year and a half of cramming, You Zhi and his second son, Sun Sheng, went to Beijing to take the spring exam again. Although they didn't pass the exam this time, their literary talent shocked the capital, and many contemporary celebrities such as Weng Tong _, Zhang Zhidong and Guo Songtao rushed to associate with you.

Avoid chaos and leave the capital.

Youzhi came to Beijing for one year and witnessed the deepening of internal and external troubles. The British and French allied forces have advanced to Tanggu, Tianjin, and the situation is tense. I heard that my ninth brother Xiangzhi was working in Huaining, Anhui Province, so I wrote a poem for all my teachers and friends, asking them to leave Beijing for the south.

Thirty-one, lonely trees are pregnant with people

You Zhi and his son left Beijing and stopped at Dushu Station in Henan Province. Along the way, they saw golden persimmons in the green forest of every village. Sun Tzu did not know, but mistakenly thought it was Jiangnan orange, which triggered the homesickness of Youzhi. I wrote five unique poems and six unique poems to express my love for acacia.

Thirty-two, brothers get together

1860165438+10. In October, Youzhi came to Shipai, the temporary treatment office of Huaining County, and met Jiu Ge Xiangzhi who had been away from her for three years. It is gratifying to see that the social order of the institute is stable, which shows that Xiangzhi is well managed.

33. Catch up with Taihu Lake

Hu Linyi, the governor of Hubei Province, was an official in Guizhou in his early years, and his titles were Mu Zheng and Mo. Zhiyou is in Huaining Xiangzhi, inviting him to visit Taihu Lake. You Zhi had to leave his second son Suosun in Huaining, and go to Taihu Lake Camp alone to say goodbye to Gong Hu.

Thirty-four, Wuchang proofreading books

A few months later, he returned to Wuchang with Hu Linyi, and was invited by Hu to stay in Fu Shu Cong Guiyuan for Hu's school magazine Reading Shi Binglu. First, the classics from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Five Dynasties were compiled into 46 volumes and delivered to craftsmen for engraving.

Thirty-five, Zeng Mu is a guest

186 1 At the beginning of July, Youzhi's father and son arrived at Liu Dong Daying by boat from Wuchang and met Zeng Guofan, an old friend who had been away for ten years. Because Yasushi didn't want to write a manuscript for him, he left Yasushi in the shogunate as a guest secretary, so that he could meet him sooner or later.

36. Husband and wife reunion

In the autumn of the first year of Tongzhi (1862), Youzhi moved to Anqing. At the beginning of October, the eldest son Yi's mother, aunt, brother and sister fled the chaos and arrived in Anqing along the Yangtze River through Chongqing. Tomoshi finally met his wife and children after years of separation.

37. Anqing Reunion

The Xiangzhi family also arrived in Anqing at the same time. Since then, Youzhi and Xiangzhi's two wives and children have been reunited, and everyone is happy. /kloc-in mid-October, Uji's brother-in-law Li Shuchang (real name Chunzhai) also came to Anqing Camp to meet Uji, and Uji was overjoyed.

38. Stay in Jinling

In the autumn of the third year of Tongzhi (1864), you moved to Jinling, and still named his study "Yingshan Caotang" to show his nostalgia for his hometown and lead a quiet reading and writing career. You Zhi was also hired by Zeng Guofan as the chief proofreader of Jinling Bookstore.

Thirty-nine Jiao Shan feels the world

After Youzhi settled in Jinling, she went to Zhenjiang and Yangzhou to look for a suicide note. On the way, she visited the war-torn Jinshan city and the Jiao Shan tourist resort with lush trees and intact temples. She wrote the poems "Golden Mountain" and "Cape Mountain" to express her feelings.

Travel around Suzhou and Hangzhou

In the process of searching for ancient suicide notes, Youzhi visited Zhenjiang, Yangzhou, Taizhou, Nantong, Changshu, Suzhou, Shanghai, Hangzhou and other places several times and gained a lot. At the same time, he also left dozens of wandering poems.

4 1. Losing a child is very painful.

/kloc-in the winter of 0/869, Hubei Governor He _ and his academic envoy Zhang Zhidong founded Wenchang Academy in Wuchang and sent a letter to invite them to know. In the second car spring, You Zhi went to Wuchang and declined the invitation of the lecturer of Wenchang Academy. After returning to Jinling, I learned that my eldest son, Sun Yi, died half a month ago at the age of 28. As a result, Youzhi, who was old and weak, suffered a great mental blow.

42. Xinghua died of illness

In the autumn of ten years of Tongzhi (187 1 year), he was especially good at treating colds and died of medicine, so he died on the ship at the end of September 14th, June1year.

Four or three, the soul returns to the castle peak

After Tomoko's death, Lingshu stopped at Mochou Lake in Jinling, and Zeng Guofan and other friends went to Lingqian to pay homage. In the spring of the following year, my brother Xiangzhi resigned from Jiangning County Order and sent his nephew Sun Fushu to Zunyi Castle Peak for burial.

44. go down in history

Youzhi's achievements in academic, literary, artistic and other aspects have formed a unique Yingshan culture, which has made great contributions to the development of Guizhou culture, and has been praised as "the great scholar in Southwest China" by later generations and recorded in history.

Representative poems

Grass in the eyes of the script

Ying Ying spends money but you can't pick it up.

Thousands of gorgeous flowers, with fragrance waiting for autumn.

If pomegranate leaves are covered, Phytolacca acinosa is lazy.

No regrets, accompany me to Xiao Zhai late.

Two ideas, one choice.

The fishy smell of the sea blows into the wall of the Han Palace, and it can be hurt without reopening the door.

Mixed-race people have been worried about the country since ancient times, but today Ren Shen is too barren.

Yu Lin said, Wei Cun kept cultural relics, drove for an autumn outing and braved the snow and ice.

The farther you lie on the sofa, the farther you can make the sky lie flat.

Nanyang daozhong

White water flows south to see off the guests, flows west to the sand bank and then leans east.

Ten years later, the village flourished and abandoned, and it was greeted by a hundred miles.

After a long drought in Xinjiang, Shen asked who was at sunset?

The thatched cottage is a cultivated land, and everyone knows it.