First of all, the question must be valuable.
The selected questions not only have good intrinsic value to the research field of this discipline, that is, there must be a new breakthrough in theory, which has an important guiding role to the educational reform in practice, but also have high external value to other related fields, such as psychology and philosophy. How to measure the significance and extent of topic selection mainly depends on two basic aspects. First, whether the selected research topic meets the needs of social development and education development, and whether it is conducive to improving the quality of education and promoting the all-round development of teenagers. In this respect, it is emphasized that the topic selection should have application value, proceed from the reality of current education development, be targeted, and select representative issues that are widely concerned, controversial and urgently needed to be solved. Second, whether the selected research topic meets the needs of the development of educational science itself, whether it can verify, revise, innovate and develop educational theory and establish a scientific educational theory system.
There is one thing that needs to be explained here. Don't make a narrow understanding of the value of a topic, and you can't judge the meaning of the questions raised by a topic by its success or failure in research. The reason is that people have learned a lot of important knowledge from the failure caused by wrong questions, and gained experience and lessons from positive and negative comparisons.
Second, the problem should be scientific and realistic.
The reality of the topic selection is mainly manifested in: the topic selection should be scientific, the guiding ideology and purpose should be clear, and the argument basis should be substantial and reasonable. The scientific nature of the topic selection lies in the fact that there must be some basis, which is the practical basis of the topic selection. The research topic comes from practice and has strong pertinence; At the same time, practical experience provides a certain and definite foundation for the formation of the discipline. The scientific nature of the topic selection also lies in that it is based on the basic principles of educational science.
The theory of educational science will play a role in guiding, standardizing, selecting and explaining the topic. Without a certain scientific theoretical basis, it is inevitable that the topic selection will have a low starting point and be blind. The practical and theoretical basis of topic selection restricts the whole process of topic selection and affects the direction and level of topic selection. In order to ensure the scientific authenticity of the topic, it is necessary to fully demonstrate the topic.
Third, the question must be specific and clear.
The selected questions must be specific, the boundaries should be clear, the scope should be small and not too general. That kind of big, empty, vague and aimless topic often lacks science. Only a clear and thorough understanding of the problem can provide an important basis for determining the research direction.
The question should be novel and novel. The selected problems should be unsolved or not completely solved by predecessors, and should be innovative, innovative and contemporary through research. In order to make the topic novel, we should choose the research topic on the basis of summarizing and developing the previous practical achievements and theoretical ideas of related disciplines. Through extensive and in-depth literature review and investigation, we can understand the level and achievements of the research topic at home and abroad and whether anyone has studied or is studying similar problems. If we want to choose the same problem as the research topic, we should carefully examine the existing work, make a critical analysis from the completeness of the theory itself and the scientific height of the research method, and re-determine our research focus on this basis.
This problem should be feasible. Feasibility means that the problem can be studied and has realistic possibilities. Specific analysis, the feasibility includes the following three situations. First, objective conditions, in addition to the necessary information, equipment, time, funds, technology, manpower, theoretical preparation and other conditions, there are scientific possibilities. Secondly, subjective conditions refer to the original knowledge, ability, foundation, experience, expertise, information related to the subject and interest in the subject. In other words, we should combine our own conditions, find a combination point, and choose a topic that can give full play to our own advantages and specialties. Some people are good at practical operation and can choose experimental research topics; Some people are good at theoretical thinking and can choose theoretical research topics. Third, the timing problem, the topic selection must grasp the critical period, and when to propose the research topic depends on the mature procedures of relevant theories, research tools and conditions. If you put it forward too early, the problem will be broken; If it is put forward too late, it will become nothing new. In educational science research, the following inappropriate topics often appear. First, the scope is too large to start; Second, the main goal is not very clear; Third, the problem is too small, the scope is too narrow, and the significance is not great; Fourth, under the existing conditions, the topic is too difficult and there is a lack of information; Fifth, the discussion of experience and feelings is not a scientific research topic. We say that the correct topic selection is not achieved overnight. It requires researchers not only to have the guidance of scientific educational theory, but also to adhere to the materialistic point of view, proceed from reality, and be good at finding and grasping important issues through the analysis and comparison of factual materials. We should not only deeply understand the educational reality, but also grasp the overall situation of the theory in this field; We should not only have a sense of problems, but also understand and master the relevant knowledge and methods of topic selection, and constantly improve our ability of topic selection and comprehensive ability of innovation, judgment and evaluation. Fourth, the main sources of research topics The sources of educational research topics are very extensive and can be summarized as the following aspects.
(1) Put forward topics according to the needs of social development, that is, those major problems that need to be solved urgently in current social practice.
Problems to be solved urgently in education.
(2) The problems that need to be solved in discipline construction are often put forward from the perspective of educational theory. It is necessary to explain not only the contradiction between the existing theory and the factual experience, but also the logical contradiction within the theory; It includes not only some unknown research topics in the planning and construction of discipline system, but also critical questions about the traditional concepts and conclusions of existing educational theories and questions raised in academic debates.
(3) Practical problems raised in educational practice, especially various contradictions reflected in educational reform. On the one hand, it is necessary to find the internal relationship between rich educational and teaching experiences and facts and reveal their internal regularity; The second is to find problems from the debate.
(4) The problems found in daily observation are an important way for primary and secondary school teachers to put forward research topics.
(5) Finding problems from the intersection between different disciplines is a blank field between disciplines. Under the trend of comprehensive development of modern science, a large number of new problems worth exploring have appeared in interdisciplinary fields.
(6) Propose the topic from the analysis and summary of the current domestic and international educational information, including the analysis of the development trend and trend of the world educational science, and the introduction of foreign advanced educational thoughts and theories.
In addition to the above main ways, you can also choose the topic from the topic guide or plan designated by the national leading institutions.
Scientific and novel topic selection has actually gone through a process from generating research motivation to research outline, and it is also a process of constantly testing the preliminary research hypothesis put forward. At first, it is often in reading and learning related literature, such as educational journals, research reports, indexes of educational papers, and important journals in related disciplines, or in the process of education and teaching practice, it is inspired by a certain point to form an association, thus forming a preliminary research hypothesis, and then consulting relevant materials extensively with this rough idea to understand the research results, research methods and procedures of predecessors in this field. With the deepening of thinking, the original vague ideas gradually become concentrated, clear and definite, which not only has a rough grasp of the general situation of this problem, but also forms a preliminary idea on how to further study this problem, and then can determine the subject.
Several points for attention of verb (abbreviation of verb)
The methods of selecting topics are flexible and diverse. Different research topics have different properties and directions, and researchers themselves are different, so the method of selecting topics has no certain rules. But to choose a good topic, we should pay attention to the following points.
(1) should have a clear and relatively stable research direction. Beginners are always interested in several research directions at first. If you want to achieve real results in one aspect, you must focus on one or two aspects.
(2) Be good at decomposing a problem, and decompose a big problem into many interrelated problems according to the internal logic system, so as to find the steps and related networks to solve this problem. That is, the problem to be studied is expanded into a problem network with a certain hierarchical structure, so that the topic can be selected on the basis of the concretization of the problem. The correct decomposition of the problem is actually what kind of ways and steps the project should solve, thus providing a basis for the project demonstration. Being good at decomposing problems is also an important basic skill in scientific research.
(3) To demonstrate the selected topic. Project demonstration is to analyze, predict and evaluate the selected problems. The purpose is to avoid the blindness of topic selection. This argument is also a kind of research, which must be based on detailed information, complete references and detailed analysis to support my own proposition on this subject. Through project demonstration, further improve the project plan and create conditions for implementation. The subject demonstration mainly answers the following questions: 1. The nature and types of research questions; Secondly, the urgency and pertinence of this study have theoretical value and practical significance; Third, the research level and trend of predecessors on this subject, including the basis of previous research and others' research, existing conclusions and disputes. And then explain what innovations and breakthroughs have been made in the research of this topic; Fourthly, the theoretical and factual basis and limitations of this topic, the possibility of research, the basic conditions of research and whether substantive progress can be made; Fifth, research strategies, steps and results.