Supply-side structural reform is to promote structural adjustment, correct the distortion of factor allocation, expand effective supply, improve the adaptability and flexibility of supply structure to demand changes, improve total factor productivity, better meet the needs of the broad masses of the people, and promote sustained and healthy economic and social development.

Supply-side structural reform is to promote stock adjustment by incremental reform, optimize investment structure and industrial structure in the process of increasing investment, and realize sustainable economic development and continuous improvement of people's living standards on the basis of sustained and high-speed economic growth; It is to optimize the property right structure, and the promotion of the state and democracy, the macro-control of the government and the vitality of the people promote each other; It is to optimize the investment and financing structure, promote the integration of resources and realize the optimal allocation and regeneration of resources; It is to optimize industrial structure, improve industrial quality, optimize product structure and improve product quality; It is to optimize the distribution structure, realize fair distribution, and make consumption become productive forces; It is to optimize the circulation structure, save transaction costs and improve the effective economic aggregate; It is to optimize the consumption structure, realize the continuous upgrading of consumer goods, continuously improve people's quality of life and realize the development of innovation-coordination-green-openness-sharing.

Second, the purpose of reform (supply-side reform):

The fundamental purpose of supply-side structural reform is to improve the level of social productive forces and implement the people-centered development thought. While moderately expanding the total demand, we should de-capacity, de-stock, de-leverage, reduce costs and make up shortcomings, strengthen high-quality supply from the production field, reduce ineffective supply, expand effective supply, improve the adaptability and flexibility of the supply structure, and improve the total factor productivity, so that the supply system can better adapt to the changes in the demand structure.

Third, reform measures:

1, macroeconomic policies should be stable and a stable macroeconomic environment should be created:

We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, so that they can cooperate with each other and work together. The specific requirements put forward by the Central Economic Work Conference on 20 15 for the macro-policy in 20 16 released an important signal to create a stable macro-economic environment for the supply-side structural reform.

At present, the downturn in world economy and trade and the turmoil in the international market have deepened the influence on China, which is superimposed with the prominent deep-seated contradictions in China, increasing the difficulties of the real economy and the difficulties faced by macro-control. Since 20 15, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, through strengthening directional control and camera control, we have promoted structural adjustment through structural reform, implemented effective measures to stabilize the market, accelerated the formation of new kinetic energy, and brought many benefits to the masses through employment expansion, income growth and environmental improvement. In this process, a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy are indispensable.

2, the industrial policy should be accurate, accurate orientation of the direction of structural reform:

The overall economic structure of China has been continuously optimized, and the economic development is accelerating to the form of tertiary industry. However, while the industrial structure has improved significantly, structural contradictions remain outstanding.

On the one hand, the upgrading potential of the tertiary industry is still great. Compared with more than 70% of the tertiary industry in developed countries such as Europe and America, the proportion of the tertiary industry in China's total economic output is still low, less than 50%.

On the other hand, there are many traditional industries in China's industrial system, and the growth of emerging industries is difficult to make up for the decline of traditional industries, and the internal structural contradictions are very obvious. The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that efforts should be made to strengthen supply-side structural reform, improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, and enhance the momentum of sustained economic growth. This has pointed out the direction for China's future industrial structure adjustment policy.

The internal structure of the tertiary industry has been improved obviously, the overall level has been improved obviously, and the service field has been continuously expanded, which has gradually become one of the main driving forces for China's economic growth. Financial industry and real estate industry have become the main forces to promote the development of the tertiary industry; The proportion of traditional service industry in the tertiary industry has declined, and modern service industries such as finance and insurance, computer services and logistics and distribution have developed rapidly. New service industries such as socialized pension, leisure tourism and community service have attracted more and more attention.

3. Micro-policies should be active to stimulate the vitality and consumption potential of enterprises;

20 15 central economic work conference clearly put forward that "micro-policy should be alive" To realize flexible micro-policies, we need to improve the market environment, stimulate market vitality and consumption potential, activate policies and micro-economy, fully release production and consumption vitality and internal growth potential, and create a new situation of economic development. Microeconomics is a "barometer" of economic situation and a "propeller" of development. It is a realistic need to activate microeconomic policies to cope with the downward pressure on the economy and accumulate new kinetic energy for development. Doing a good job in micro-work, improving quality and increasing efficiency is very important for accelerating supply-side structural reform and realizing the transformation and upgrading of China's economic development.

Micro-market subject is the creator of social wealth and an inexhaustible endogenous driving force for economic development. Judging from the current actual situation in China, a key factor that the market vitality has not been fully stimulated is that the government intervenes too much in market subjects. Therefore, the important way to realize the policy goal of "micro-policy should be alive" is to speed up the decentralization and promote the transformation of government functions. According to the deployment requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the transformation of government functions should follow the basic idea of "simple administration and decentralization, combination of decentralization and management, and optimization of services", so as to let go, manage the management well, and provide the service in place, so as to truly "release water and raise fish" and activate the micro-economy.

(1) Strengthen decentralization in the economic field;

Decentralization should avoid "one size fits all" in all departments and be moderately inclined to the economic field. In addition, decentralization should pay more attention to the overall deployment from the perspective of the whole process of enterprise production and operation, loosen the enterprise in all directions, avoid all kinds of behaviors such as grasping the big and letting go of the small, grasping the real and letting go of the imaginary, and grasping others to offset the reform dividend, and effectively improve the "gold content" of decentralization.

(2) Decentralization should be tilted towards small and micro enterprises and service industries;

The government should strengthen its support for small and micro enterprises from two aspects.

First, lower the threshold, speed up the cleanup of unnecessary licenses and qualifications, and give small and micro enterprises more "birth certificates";

Second, excellent service, which favors small and micro enterprises in finance, finance, personnel training and information construction. And appropriately "feed some milk powder" to small and micro enterprises, so as to effectively make the newly registered 8 million small and micro enterprises survive as much as possible, and then drive a new round of "mass entrepreneurship" and "grassroots entrepreneurship".

(3) Reduce the market access threshold by simplifying administration and decentralizing power in the social field;

Simple administration and decentralization in the social field should not stop, but should go hand in hand.

First, further relax the access restrictions of private capital, encourage private capital to make up for the lack of government, and increase investment in social fields such as education and old-age care;

The second is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of all kinds of identification, standards, certification and fees in the social field. The reserved or decentralized projects should be retained or decentralized, and the cancellation should be cancelled as much as possible to "loosen" the enterprises to the greatest extent and effectively lower the market threshold;

Third, the reform of the transfer payment system should be kept up, so that local governments have the ability and enthusiasm to keep up with the pace of decentralization by the central government and provide strong support for avoiding "middle obstruction" and opening up the "last mile" in the social field.

4. Reform policies should be practical and realistic, and efforts should be intensified to promote reform;

To adapt to and lead the new economic normal, we need to maintain and strengthen our strategic strength, thoroughly implement the important exposition of the General Secretary on comprehensively deepening reform in accordance with the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, accelerate the implementation of the overall plan of the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee on comprehensively deepening reform, dare to bite hard bones and venture into dangerous beaches, train a large number of reform promoters with unprecedented determination and strength, unswervingly promote reform, and release new dividends for reform to the maximum extent.

At present, the global economy is still in a period of deep adjustment after the international financial crisis, and there are many unstable factors. China, which has entered the new normal, is facing many unprecedented new contradictions, problems and challenges. Under the influence of cyclical and structural factors, economic growth tends to slow down, entering a special period of growth rate shift period, structural adjustment pain period and early stimulus policy digestion period, and reaching a critical juncture of climbing the hill and crossing the hurdle.

At the same time, the imbalance, uncoordinated, intolerant and unsustainable contradictions in economic development are still very prominent. Every task of coordinating steady growth, promoting reform, adjusting structure, benefiting people's livelihood and preventing risks is not light, and the reform task is very arduous. Key issues such as resolving the risk of overcapacity, enhancing the kinetic energy of structural adjustment, releasing the driving potential of innovation, and safeguarding people's livelihood expectations still need to be promoted through practical reforms.

Without deepening reform, development will be difficult to be dynamic, effective and sustainable; Without deepening the reform, the existing problems may be more serious, and even the risk of falling into the "middle income trap" cannot be completely ruled out. Reform was and is China's biggest dividend, and it is still the biggest driving force and key measure for China's development. In order to promote China's economic development, we must cultivate Qian Qian's reform promoters, unswervingly push forward the reform, resolutely break down the barriers of various interests and the drawbacks of institutional mechanisms, and fully release the new dividends of the reform.

5. Social policies should be supported, and the bottom line of people's livelihood security should be maintained:

The general idea of promoting supply-side structural reform is to implement five policy pillars that cooperate with each other, and social policies should be matched. Supply-side structural reform, especially the elimination of excess capacity, will inevitably affect the employment and income of some groups, but this is a hurdle that must be overcome and a pain that must be experienced. Therefore, we should give full play to the role of social policy stabilizer and keep the bottom line of people's livelihood. In particular, we should focus on the bottom, ensure the people's basic livelihood and basic public services, and create a stable and good social environment for structural reform.

Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood, so we should attach great importance to the employment problem from the overall situation. It is necessary to thoroughly implement the employment priority strategy, truly regard employment promotion as the priority goal of economic and social development, and choose an economic and social development strategy that is conducive to expanding employment and creating more employment opportunities.

① Implement a more active employment policy:

Implement a financial security policy that is conducive to promoting employment. Public finance should be inclined to small and micro enterprises and labor-intensive industries that conform to the national industrial policy orientation, fiscal expenditure should be gradually inclined to people's livelihood, and support for difficult groups should be increased; Implement preferential tax policies to support and promote employment. Promote the development of the real economy, especially small and micro enterprises, reduce corporate tax burden, and give full play to its role in absorbing urban and rural labor employment.

Improve and implement preferential policies to promote the employment of key groups such as college students, migrant workers and people with employment difficulties; Implement financial support policies that are more conducive to promoting employment. It is necessary to encourage and guide financial institutions to support the development of labor-intensive industries, service industries and small and micro enterprises in line with national industrial policies, and increase support for self-employment; Implement support policies to encourage workers to find jobs in multiple channels and forms. Through preferential policies and employment services, support workers to choose their own jobs and start their own businesses.

② Strive to promote the employment of key difficult groups;

Do a good job in the employment of youth groups with emphasis on college graduates. Continue to put the employment of college graduates in the first place in employment work. Encourage and support college graduates to find jobs flexibly through various forms. Continue to do a good job in the employment of retired military personnel; Promote the transfer of rural surplus labor to employment. Accelerate the development of new urbanization and create more employment opportunities for rural labor. It is necessary to step up the elimination of institutional obstacles to floating employment and further improve the "trinity" working mechanism of vocational training, employment services and labor rights protection.

At the same time, we should actively support migrant workers to return home to start businesses; Strengthen employment assistance for vulnerable groups. Establish and improve the employment assistance system and the occupational security system, and ensure that groups with employment difficulties will be assisted in employment as soon as they appear. Promote all types of employers to arrange employment for disabled people in proportion, and support self-employment and flexible employment for disabled people. Do a good job in women's employment.

③ Strengthen the reform of supporting measures:

First, we must comprehensively improve our employability. To strengthen the training of professional and technical personnel. Strengthen vocational and technical education and the construction of demonstration schools in technical colleges, and build a modern vocational education and modern technical education and training system with China characteristics. Focus on supporting the urgently needed industry technician training and strengthening the construction of high-skilled personnel training bases. Improve the vocational skills training system for all workers. Strengthen employment training, speed up the construction of a lifelong vocational training system for workers, and improve the socialized vocational training network.

Second, we must improve the ability of employment services. It is necessary to strengthen public employment and talent service and form a public employment and talent service system covering urban and rural areas. We will fully implement the identification system of employment and unemployment registration ID cards and build a basic database of urban and rural human resources. It is necessary to speed up the formation of a unified, standardized and flexible human resources market and give full play to the basic role of market mechanism in promoting employment and allocating human resources. Strengthen the construction of human resources market information network and promote the sharing of information resources.

Third, we should strengthen the construction of workers' protective measures. Improve the labor standard system and labor relations coordination mechanism, and promote enterprises to improve working conditions. We will fully implement the labor contract system and improve the signing rate and performance quality of labor contracts between small and micro enterprises and migrant workers. Expand the coverage of the collective contract system and improve the effectiveness of collective bargaining. Strengthen labor security supervision, strengthen the supervision of employers and human resources market, and comprehensively promote "grid and network" management. Prevention and early warning of all kinds of illegal acts and multi-sectoral comprehensive management mechanism can effectively deal with mass incidents caused by labor security violations. In particular, efforts should be made to realize that the wages of enterprise employees, especially migrant workers, are basically not in arrears.