American vocational and technical education management
The management of vocational and technical education in the United States is mainly the responsibility of state governments and local governments at all levels. Eight of them have established vocational and technical education committees, while others have entrusted them to higher education committees. The school adjusts the curriculum according to the social needs, while students choose the major direction according to the changes in the labor market.
Curriculum design of British vocational education
Britain has attached importance to vocational education since middle school, and students have been exposed to work-related courses, such as office software training, since the age of 13. The curriculum of British vocational education pays attention to practicality and pertinence to ensure that students can quickly integrate into the workplace after graduation.
Short-term Vocational Education in France
The short-term vocational education of French high school graduates is unique. After graduating from high school, students can receive 2-3 years of professional training, and then they can directly find jobs. This kind of education is similar to China's junior college and higher vocational education, but the specialty division is more detailed. Its teaching plan and content are designed by professionals, closely combined with the needs of enterprises, and students need to practice in enterprises every year. Short-term vocational education in France has successfully trained many senior technicians.
German vocational education fund
German vocational education funds are mainly borne by enterprises, accounting for 85%, and the state government bears 15%. Students receive education here without paying tuition and fees. When the unemployed attend the training, the government will also provide a subsidy of DM 7- 12 per hour, which can reach DM15,000-20,000 per year.
Vocational education funds and policy support
Britain, the United States, France and other countries and their local governments have given financial and policy support to vocational education colleges involving pillar industries. The modes and characteristics of vocational education in these countries provide us with valuable reference and enlightenment.