The spread of Tibetan Buddhism can be divided into pre-flood period and post-flood period. During the period of Hong Qian, Buddhism was introduced into Tibet from the mainland and India from the 7th century to the middle of the 9th century. However, the extinction of Dharma Buddhism in Ye Lang in the 9th century made Buddhism lost in Tibet for more than 100 years, which was called the "dark age". Then Buddhism was introduced from India at the beginning of 10 century, which is called "Hou Hong period" in history until now.

Tibetan Buddhism is characterized by both Ming Sect and tantric Sect, and tantric Sect is its essence. Now it is spread in Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Gansu and other places.