1. Special education: education specially provided for students with disabilities, mental retardation and abnormal behavior. , designed to help them overcome learning disabilities and develop their personal potential.
2. Behavior correction education: aiming at students' bad behaviors, through correction, guidance and education. To promote positive changes in their behavior.
3. Psychological correction education: through psychotherapy, consultation and other methods, help students solve psychological problems, improve psychological quality and promote personal development.
4. Social correction education: aiming at students' crimes and social morality, through education, punishment and other means, to promote the improvement of their behavior and social adaptability.
5. Special education correction: aiming at students' special needs, such as autism, ADHD, emotional disorders, etc. Through special educational environment, teaching content and teaching methods, help them overcome obstacles and integrate into normal study and life.
The difference between specialized corrective education and punishment;
1. First of all, specialized corrective education is the implementation of the principle of "education first, punishment second". Minors are immature and malleable. If all criminal acts committed by young minors are punished, it will not only violate the criminal policy of "education, probation and salvation", but also make them cross-infect in prison, produce rebellious psychology and eventually go to the opposite side of society.
Therefore, the fifth paragraph of article 17 of the criminal law stipulates that "if a person is under the age of 16 and is not given criminal punishment, his parents or other guardians shall be ordered to discipline him; If necessary, carry out special correction education according to law. " This provision replaces re-education with "special corrective education", which is an important embodiment of scientific management of juvenile delinquency and also embodies the concept of combining education with protection to prevent juvenile delinquency.
2. Secondly, specialized correction education is an important part of the social support system for minors' procuratorial work, and it is a practical measure to correct illegal crimes in a way that is "most conducive to the healthy growth of minors". In 20 19, the construction of special schools was vigorously carried out throughout the country to explore the social support path for juvenile delinquency correction.
The Criminal Law Amendment (XI) and the Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency adopted by the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) on February 26th, 2020 clearly stipulate that special corrective and educational measures should be applied to juvenile offenders. Chapter IV of the Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency stipulates the scope of application, admission procedures, educational content and other provisions of special school education. Specialized schools have sufficient legal basis and clear applicable norms, and will make steady progress in the social support system for juvenile prosecution.
3. Finally, specialized corrective education is not the content of China's penal system. Special corrective education does not belong to the content of the main penalty and supplementary penalty in China's criminal law, nor does it conform to the provisions of the non-penalty measures in Article 37 of the Criminal Law, so it does not belong to the criminal system in China. In addition, there are obvious differences in the applicable objects and procedures between specialized corrective education and punishment.
The applicable objects of special corrective education include not only minors under the age of 16 who have not been subjected to criminal punishment, but also minors with serious bad behavior as stipulated in the Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency.
In the application procedure, the penalty is decided by the court and executed by the prison, and the special corrective education is evaluated by the special education steering Committee. There are significant differences between them in evaluation subjects, evaluation standards and decision-making procedures.