Zhu Jingnong (1887 ~ 195 1) was born in Pujiang, Zhejiang. Educators, scholars, university presidents, poets, senior officials of education administration departments, publishers and patriots. 1903 was admitted to Changde fu middle school, and the following year he entered the Japanese Academy of Literature and Chengcheng College. 1905 join the league; In the same year, he returned to China and participated in the establishment of China Public School. 19 12 Editor-in-Chief of Beijing Democratic Daily and Yadong News. 19 16 went to Washington university for 2 years and got a master's degree. 1920 Transfer to Teachers College of Columbia University. 192 1 After returning to China, he became a professor in the Department of Education of Peking University. From 65438 to 0923, he edited primary and secondary school textbooks in Shanghai Commercial Press, and co-edited with Tao Xingzhi the first set of thousands-word Chinese textbooks for civilians in China. 1925 as the director of liberal arts of Hujiang University; In the same year, he participated in the establishment of Shanghai Guanghua University (now East China Normal University), and served as the provost, and later served as the director of education bureau of shanghai. After 1928, he served as director of the General Education Department of the Ministry of Education of the Kuomintang government, executive vice minister of the Ministry of Education, acting president of China Public School, president cheeloo university, director of the Hunan Provincial Education Department, director of education of Central University, minister of government affairs of the Ministry of Education of the Kuomintang government, general manager of Shanghai Commercial Press and president of Guanghua University. 1948 and stay in the United States. 1950, worked in Fortuna College, Germany, USA. He is the author of modern educational thought.
Chinese name: Zhu Jingnong.
Place of birth: Pujiang, Zhejiang
Date of birth: 1887
Date of death: 195 1 year.
Occupation: educator, scholar, poet, publisher
Graduate school: Columbia University
Masterpiece: Modern Educational Thought
biographical notes
1904 went to Japan to study, and entered the Japanese Academy of Literature and Chengcheng College.
/kloc-joined the league in Japan in 0/905 and participated in revolutionary activities. 19 12 years to join the Kuomintang.
/kloc-in the winter of 0/905, he returned to Shanghai from Japan and participated in the establishment of China Public School. 19 10 was employed as a teacher in Hunan higher industrial school, teaching English and concurrently serving as an agricultural translator. 19 12 Editor-in-Chief of Beijing Democratic Daily and Yadong News.
19 16 went to the United States, first entered the University of Washington, and then transferred to the Teachers College of Columbia University to study pedagogy and obtain a master's degree.
192 1 After returning to China, he became a professor in the Department of Education of Peking University.
Editors of the Commercial Press ranged from 65438 to 0923.
1925 After the May 30th tragedy, all the teachers and students of China in St. John's University observed a moment of silence, and flags were flown at half mast at the school. The President of the United States, Francis Liszt Hawkes Porter, ordered the meeting to be dissolved to disperse the teachers and students. More than 500 students from universities and affiliated middle schools in China and 65,438+09 teachers left the school angrily and vowed to sever ties with St. John forever. With the support of some famous patriots, President Zhang Shouyong founded Guanghua University (now East China Normal University) to support these patriotic teachers and students who left St. John's University. At this time, Zhu Jingnong became President Zhang Shouyong's right-hand man when he founded Guanghua University, and served as vice president and provost of Guanghua University, presiding over educational affairs. Since then, he has been re-elected as a member of the board of directors of Guanghua University.
1930 In the spring, when Mr. Cai Yuanpei was the Minister of Education of the National Government, he was also the Executive Vice Minister.
193 1 year President cheeloo university.
1932, director of Hunan provincial education department.
1943 Director of Education of Central University (with Chiang Kai-shek as the principal).
From 65438 to 0944, he served as Minister of State Affairs of the Ministry of Education of the National Government.
1945 President of Guanghua University, 1946 General Manager of Commercial Press.
1948165438+10 served as the chief representative of China to the United Nations conference on culture and education, and then stayed in the United States.
195 1 died of a stroke in a foreign country at the beginning of the year. At age 64.
The life of the character
After losing his father at the age of 8, he moved to Hunan with his uncle. In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903), he was admitted to Changde Fu Middle School. In the second year, I studied at Hongwen College and Chengcheng College in Japan. Guangxu joined the League in thirty-one years. Xuan returned to China for opposing the Japanese government's "Regulations on the Prohibition of International Students in China", and founded a Chinese public school in Shanghai with students studying in Japan, and then moved to Wusong. Zhu Jingnong is one of the three directors of China College. After the Revolution of 1911, he went to Beijing at the invitation of Song, Qin Gui, and successively served as editor-in-chief of Democracy Daily and Yadong News. Wanted by Yuan Shikai in the "Second Revolution". In 5 years (19 16), I went to the United States to study at the University of Washington. In 7 years, he got a master's degree. In 9 years, he transferred to Teachers College of Columbia University to participate in literary revolution activities.
10, Zhu Jingnong was hired as a professor in the Department of Education of Peking University, and published articles on education, which enjoyed a high reputation for a time. /kloc-edited primary and secondary school textbooks in Shanghai Commercial Press in 0/2 years, and co-edited the first set of thousands-word civilian textbooks in China with Tao Xingzhi, which was first adopted by the county civilian education promotion association and achieved good results in rural literacy. During this period, he served as the dean of Guanghua University and the director of education in Shanghai. 17, he served as the director of general education of the National Government Academy, the director of general education of the Ministry of Education, the acting executive vice minister of the Ministry of Education, and the full-time executive vice minister.
2 1 served as Hunan provincial department of education 10 years from 32 years of the Republic of China. He did a lot of work in promoting compulsory primary education, adding middle and primary schools, and establishing institutions of higher learning, which made Hunan education develop unprecedentedly during the Republic of China. Since 32 years of the Republic of China, he has served as Director of Education of Central University, Deputy Minister of Government Affairs of the Ministry of Education of the National Government, General Manager of the Commercial Press and President of Guanghua University. 35 years, participated in the National Congress. In 37 years, 165438+ 10 served as the chief representative of China to the United Nations conference on culture and education. Then I worked as a translator in America. Zhu Jingnong died in 195 1. The main translated works are Tomorrow's School (Dewey), Educational Dictionary, Modern Educational Thoughts, Educational Thoughts, Poems and Notes Recorded by Aishan, etc.
1923, together with Zhu, Yan, Tao Xingzhi, Huang Yanpei, etc., founded the China Association for the Promotion of Civilian Education. Co-edited with Tao Xingzhi, The Thousand-word Textbook for Common People.
192365438+In February, Yadong Library assembled articles on the debate between science and outlook on life and published the book Science and Outlook on Life. In addition to Ding Wenjiang, the authors of the article include Hu Shi, Chen Duxiu, Liang Qichao, Zhang, Wu Zhihui, Fan, Lin Zaiping, Sun Fuyuan, Zhu Jingnong, Ren Shuyong and other scholars and celebrities. The argument continued until the end of 1924.
Educational thought
First, pay special attention to building a strong team of first-class teachers. From 1925 to 1937, before and after the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, the three academies of China, Science and Commerce were full of talents and famous teachers, which were colorful and spectacular. Hu Shi, Meng Xiancheng, Wu Mei, Liao Shicheng, Xu Zhimo, Pan Guangdan, Luo Longji, Zhang Naiqi, Wang Zaoshi, Zhang, Li Shicen, Quan Zengqi, Zhu, Jiang Weiqiao, Qian Zhongshu, Yu Shangyuan, Rong Zhao Qi, Guo Shaoyu and Jin.
Second, advocate and encourage academic freedom. Respect for academic freedom is the soul of a national cheng kung university, and Guanghua University has attached great importance to it since its establishment. The famous teachers listed above all have various academic ideological tendencies. They all fully display their academic views in class. Since 1927, the school has also invited famous scholars from all walks of life to give lectures at the school every week. According to incomplete records, there are: (Yang Quan), Lu Xun, Zeng Mengpu, Lin Yutang, Huang Yanpei, Jiang Wenyu, Ma Yinchu, Wang, Chen Lifu, Xu Beihong, Tao Xingzhi, Chen Cheng, Mao Dun, Chen Heqin, Sun Hanshui, He Bingsong, Zhang Jingjiang, Lin Chongyuan, Wang and Guo Tai. There are also different ideological tendencies. Thus enlivened the academic atmosphere and promoted the ideological openness and academic prosperity of Guanghua University.
Third, attach importance to the role of talents. This came to me after I saw an essay by Shi Zhecun, an old writer, "Know Your Feelings".
Firstly, the article quotes the words in Ye Shengtao's diary "Three Years in Shanghai" in the section of new literature history. "Zhu Jingnong, plans to run Guanghua University, invites Yu Yu to teach with (Zhou Yutong), and entrusts Euler Shizhecun as the head of the Chinese Department. Yu Yan himself is not a university teacher, but La Shi Jun can work because of this book. " Another day's diary: "Shi Zhecun has come, and Qu has promised to resign from Jinan Guanghua."
Shi Zhecun read these two diaries and was deeply moved. Because he and Zhu are only sixteen years apart, Zhu served as the vice president of Zhonghua College, where he got to know the history. Unexpectedly, Zhu noticed him. Later, in Selected Letters between Hu Shi and Hu Shi, someone saw a letter from Zhu to Hu Shi, reporting the situation of Chinese academies, and mentioned that Zheng Zhenduo, Sun Gonggong, Li Shicen and Shi Zhecun were all acceptable for "teaching", so after 16 years, they can still. Someone told Mr. Shi the words in Selected Works. Shi was deeply moved, so he felt "bosom friend".
It can be seen that Zhu Jingnong attaches great importance to talents, does not employ private individuals, and does not engage in cronyism. It is even more valuable to think about things based entirely on running a university well.
Personality influence
1905 abolishing the imperial examination means the death of traditional education at the institutional level; The May 4th Movement introduced new ideological and cultural resources in spirit and value, and greatly updated the face of school education in the subsequent educational practice. A large number of intellectuals returning from the west devoted themselves to the construction of new education. At that time, the progressive education movement in the world was in the ascendant, and Dewey's theory had a great influence on China's new education. At that time, active educators such as Tao Xingzhi and Chen Heqin all came from Dewey School in Columbia University. Dewey and his disciples visited China many times to give lectures. Hu Shi, Jiang Menglin, Zhu Jingnong and Guo Bingwen all studied at Columbia University, the center of progressive thought.
Personality assessment
Zhu Jingnong is an erudite scholar, who is well versed in Chinese and Western learning. Although he floated in politics for a while, he was not a successful politician. He is an upright, selfless, loyal and brave patriot and a sincere, hardworking and self-reliant educator.
main work
Tomorrow's school (by Dewey), educational dictionary, modern educational thought, educational thought, notes on Ai Shanlu's poems.