How to improve rural kindergarten education?
First, change traditional ideas.
The present situation of rural preschool education is largely caused by backward ideas. Therefore, changing ideas is the basis of changing the status quo. Teachers should change the traditional situation of self-directing, self-acting and hard indoctrination, fully respect the laws of children's physical and mental development, realize that children are the main body of learning, truly realize the interaction between teachers and students, and help children become active explorers.
In addition, it is particularly important to change the concept of parents. Due to the low income of farmers, the phenomenon of intergenerational education of rural parents is serious. The educational level is low, the educational concept is backward, and preschool education is not valued. Rural parents pay more attention to their children's physical health, but ignore their psychological and social health. Or pay attention to the cultivation of intelligence and ignore the cultivation of other abilities. So we often see that some children are smart, but their self-care ability is poor, and some children have strong memory but lack creativity.
There is also a lack of parents' understanding of preschool education and their ignorance of the rules of preschool education. Many parents think that children can read more words, do more math problems, ask their children to do a lot of homework, and limit their play. Therefore, in order to cater to parents' psychology, several small workshop-style private kindergartens have been set up in our town. Nominally, preschool classes are the main ones, but in fact, they mainly teach children to write, count and do addition and subtraction.
This kind? Elementary school? Our teaching is very popular with parents. Many parents of children in public kindergartens also ask us to teach their children to write and do arithmetic problems, and evaluate their development according to how many words they can know and how many problems they can do. This not only affects the normal teaching order of kindergartens, but also seriously violates the law of children's physical and mental development.
It is pointed out in the "Guidelines for Kindergarten Education"? Kindergarten education should respect children's personality and strength, respect children's physical and mental development laws and learning characteristics, take games as the basic activities, attach equal importance to individual differences, and promote the personality development of each child. In order to make children get more comprehensive development, it is necessary to change this misconception of parents.
First of all, kindergartens should set up parent schools, establish family interaction manuals, let parents know the new educational concepts in time, introduce the recent educational contents of kindergartens to parents, and report the children's performance in the class. Solicit parents' opinions, make the education of kindergartens and parents consistent, and jointly promote the all-round and harmonious development of children.
Invite parents to visit their children's one-day life in kindergarten, participate in class holiday celebrations, and deepen their comprehensive understanding of children. Let parents see how children live and study happily in kindergarten and learn knowledge in fun games. Completely change the old idea that parents think education is reading and literacy, fundamentally understand the importance of game activities, liberate children's nature, and let children grow up healthily and happily.
Second, make full use of the natural advantages of rural areas.
People often think that the most unfavorable factor of rural preschool education is the lack of funds and equipment. In fact, on the contrary, rural preschool education is rich in natural resources and community resources. Fully understanding the influence of nature on children and letting rural children return to nature is an important way to give full play to the advantages of rural preschool education.
For example, for children in rural areas, the field is a good playground. Playing with mud, flying kites, catching loaches, catching grasshoppers, fighting soil battles, running on the ridges and so on in the fields are very helpful for children to develop their movements and form a lively and cheerful personality. Teachers can also fix several wooden posts on the open space so that children can practice climbing. Pedals can be set at first, but with the development of ability, they can be gradually cancelled, similar to climbing trees. This kind of exercise is beneficial to the development of children's physical quality.
Teachers can also let children take part in simple labor, such as picking wheat ears, breaking corn, picking apples, picking cotton, watering vegetables, catching insects and so on. This can not only cultivate children's awareness and ability to participate in the labor within their power, but also let children know that food is hard to come by. In addition, children in rural areas can raise small animals by themselves, such as chickens, rabbits, kittens and puppies. And learn to care for small animals and promote emotional development in practice.
Third, optimize the environment and promote the healthy and harmonious development of children.
Kindergarten environment is closely related to children's all-round development. Whether it is the external material environment or the internal psychological atmosphere, its quality directly affects children's physical and mental health, and it is not clearly pointed out in the organization and implementation of the Guiding Outline of Early Childhood Education; ? Environment is an important educational resource. It is necessary to effectively promote children's development through the creation and utilization of environment, make full use of natural environment and community educational resources, and expand children's living and learning space. ? Rural kindergartens are rich in natural resources. If we can make full use of them and tap the advantages of rural preschool education, it will play a positive role in promoting children's development.
When setting up the environment in rural kindergartens, we should pay attention to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, give full play to the advantages of good natural conditions and large activity venues in rural areas, and at the same time, we should also pay attention to simplifying the complex, doing more with less money, and not blindly synchronizing with the city. Teachers can make more use of leaves, seeds, various wastes and other natural objects to make various patterns, decorate the activity room with toys, assemble various birds and beasts with wild fruits and vegetables, and form various landscapes with leaves and weeds. Grass forms various landscapes, etc.
Fourth, give play to the value of traditional games.
There is no positive correlation between poor equipment and teaching quality, and the lack of game equipment in rural kindergartens cannot be the reason why games cannot be played. Facing the reality, adapting to local conditions and making full use of traditional games are feasible ways to solve the problem.
Traditional games such as big pockets, hopscotch, crowded people, hide and seek, throwing handkerchiefs, throwing sandbags, playing marbles and playing cards are excellent ways to cultivate children's multiple intelligences, and children can also play them? Play house? Such as role games, there is no need to play games with realistic toys. In addition, teachers can also make children's homemade toys with branches, pieces of cloth and other materials, give full play to the role of homemade toys, and let children develop their imagination and hands-on ability in the process of making and using homemade toys, and experience the joy of creation. As long as we make active use of rural natural resources, environment and community resources, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, the present situation of rural preschool education will definitely change.