He believes that the process of learning is the process of establishing a connection between stimulus and response, which is formed by blindly trying and gradually reducing mistakes (trial and error), so he calls his own point of view trial and error theory. According to his own experimental research, Thorndike got three main learning rules: preparation rule, practice rule and effect rule. The effect rule is the most important learning rule.

Second, Pavlov's classical conditioning theory

1. Gain and attenuation

The acquisition of conditioned reflex refers to the process of matching conditioned stimulus (such as bell) with unconditional stimulus (such as food) repeatedly, so that conditioned stimulus can obtain signal meaning, that is, the process of establishing conditioned reflex. The regression of conditioned reflex means that after conditioned reflex is formed, if there is no unconditional stimulus, conditioned stimulus will appear repeatedly, and conditioned response will become weaker and weaker and eventually disappear.

2. Stimulate generalization and differentiation

Stimulation generalization means that once people and animals learn to make conditioned responses to specific conditioned stimuli, other stimuli similar to conditioned stimuli can also induce their conditioned responses. Stimulation differentiation refers to making organisms learn to respond differently to conditioned stimuli and stimuli similar to conditioned stimuli through selective reinforcement and regression.

Three, Skinner's theory of operating conditions.

1. Basic viewpoint Skinner thinks that there are two kinds of behaviors of human and animals: reaction behavior and operation behavior. Reaction behavior, that is, classical conditioned reflex behavior, is a passive response of organisms to known stimuli. Operational behavior is the spontaneous behavior of an organism, which is reinforced by the results and becomes a random or purposeful operation in a specific situation. In daily life, most people's behavior is manipulation, and the operation behavior is mainly restricted by the reinforcement law.

2. Strengthen the principle

This article was published by "Yuanxin Education Book" on March 27th, 20th17th.