How to implement mental health education in schools? Is there a general operating mode? These are the questions that this topic tries to answer. It is not a purely rational framework, but an understanding and knowledge of experience refined on the basis of practice. In the previous textbooks of pedagogy and psychology, I am afraid there is no content about psychological counseling. The introduction of psychological counseling in schools is a new thing, at least in Chinese mainland.

At present, with more and more schools carrying out mental health education, it is undoubtedly of great significance to seek a universally applicable model to guide educators' practice. Psychological counseling, as a model that pays attention to the development of all students, plays an increasingly important role in school psychological education. Looking back on the exploration process of more than ten years, we have a deeper understanding of the following points:

1. Psychological consultation is the basic project of quality education.

Psychological consultation is an organic part of modern school education and the basic project of quality education, which has gradually become the consensus of people. People's quality includes physical quality, psychological quality and social and cultural quality (or moral quality and cultural quality). These three qualities are interrelated and interdependent, forming a whole to improve personality. Among them, psychological quality is at the intermediary level of human quality structure. Without the cultivation of psychological quality, the cultivation of moral and cultural quality is like a castle in the air. For example, the disadvantages of school education, students' words and deeds are different, students' duplicity, high scores and low energy are the products of this flawed quality education.

The relationship between counseling and current education can be expressed in four words: "All roads lead to the same goal". The so-called "finding another way" is to teach the younger generation social moral norms, ethical standards and cultural knowledge based on moral, intellectual and physical education and social needs, so that they can become social people from natural persons. This is a process of teaching and standardization. Psychological counseling is mainly based on the needs of children's growth, solving the problems of children's growth and promoting children's socialization. This is a process of self-exploration and guidance. The so-called "unification" means that the ultimate goal is the same, which is to promote the sound development of students. Because of the particularity of psychological counseling, its ideas, methods and techniques are different from traditional school education, and they must complement and combine with each other.

2. The basic way of school psychological counseling should adhere to the principle of "walking on two legs"

The so-called "walking on two legs" refers to the combination of psychological education and psychological counseling. We can't emphasize one way unilaterally and ignore the other. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the tendency of "curriculum" and "consultation".

First of all, we should prevent the tendency of "curriculum" in psychological counseling. Psychological counseling is a form of mental health education for all students, centering on the goal of developmental counseling, taking the problems encountered in students' growth as the theme and students' self-exploration as the main line. It is a real self-education activity for students. Psychological counseling course is different from traditional subject courses, mainly not to impart psychological knowledge, but to enable students to obtain experience and experience in solving problems encountered in their growth through consulting activities. Practice in recent years shows that psychological counseling is very popular with students. For schools that have just started, we can take this as a starting point to carry out psychological counseling. However, it must be noted that this is not the only way, nor is it the whole work of school psychological counseling. Even there are many forms of psychological counseling for all students, such as class counseling activities and team counseling activities.

Second, we should prevent the tendency of psychological counseling. School psychological counseling should not only improve the psychological quality of all students, but also solve the psychological problems of individual students, which requires full-time staff to use the professional skills of psychological counseling. This is the weakest place in domestic schools, and it is also the focus that needs to be strengthened urgently in the future. However, if we only regard psychological counseling as a psychologist's "sitting in the classroom" or just a full-time tutor, then we will go to the other extreme. Taiwan Province Province has accumulated 40 years of experience in primary and secondary schools, one of which is the holistic principle of school psychological consultation, that is, every teacher should understand and care about the spiritual growth of students. School psychological counseling is different from specialized psychological counseling and treatment, and cannot be divorced from the reality of the school. It needs to combine psychological counseling theory with educational theory. "Counseling" is easy to introduce psychological counseling into isolation, and ultimately it is difficult to carry out in schools.

3. Psychological counseling is a change of educational concept.

Years of exploration have made us deeply realize that psychological counseling is a modern educational movement that truly embodies "student-centered, student-oriented development", and its far-reaching influence on the school far exceeds itself.

-Guided by a positive outlook on human nature, we should have a positive belief in every student. We must believe that every child has positive resources in his heart, every child can change and develop, and every child has his own specialties and talents. Only based on this belief, teachers can be full of love and enthusiasm for students in education and guidance, and full of positive expectations, thus successfully helping students grow.

-centering on the growth and development of students. This is mainly reflected in helping students solve a series of growth problems in childhood, adolescence, such as school life adaptation, study, communication, self-awareness, Emotional adjustment, adolescence troubles, career prospects, etc. The solution of these problems mainly depends on the process of teachers helping students explore themselves, not on the preaching of educators and the indoctrination of social norms.

-Focusing on the development of peer group counseling resources with the help, mutual assistance and self-help of others as the mechanism. Since psychological counseling is a self-education activity, it is necessary to actively mobilize students' own educational resources. Conservative educational ideas always regard students as the object of education, while psychological counseling regards students as the main body of education. Class counseling is a positive interpersonal interaction process among students' peer groups, and this social interaction is a positive counseling resource. Companions have common hobbies, values and cultural identity, and it is easy for them to communicate and understand each other. Under certain collective goals, they can form a consensus that they can accept. The role of students in group counseling activities is twofold, both as recipients and helpers. This kind of help and mutual assistance can enhance students' experience of self-confidence and self-esteem and promote the development of self-help ability.

-Experience and perception are important links in individual experience and mentality change. In the past, we emphasized the influence of environment on individuals, but ignored the influence of individual's internal psychological process. This often makes education lack pertinence, and often makes it difficult for our educational requirements to be internalized into students' conscious behavior. Psychological counseling emphasizes one's own experience and sentiment, because the task of psychological counseling is to solve one's own problems and needs to take one's own experience as the carrier. According to Dewey's point of view, children's growth is the process from bad to good. Since this experience is personal, personal self-experience is particularly important. We believe that students' meaningful self-experience should include emotional experience, value experience and action experience. These self-experiences can be realized by creating certain situations and creating certain atmosphere in psychological counseling activities. Students get meaningful things from experience, which is sentiment. It can be seen that psychological counseling is a kind of self-education activity, which has no obvious traces of education, but it can subtly influence students' growth through their own experiences and feelings.

4. Construct an integrated model of school, family and society to implement mental health education.

Students do not live in a vacuum. Their thoughts, ideas, emotions and behaviors are all influenced by the people around them and the environment. If schools and families are regarded as an ecosystem closely related to students, then teachers, parents and students are the elements of this system, and the elements are closely related. Sometimes the problem is manifested in students, but the root cause is teachers and parents. Whether the psychology and behavior of teachers and parents are healthy will directly affect the psychological and behavioral health of students. Therefore, teachers learn psychological adjustment and maintain a good psychological state; Parents know some common sense of mental health care, the characteristics and laws of children's psychological development, and give their children a good behavior demonstration, which is an important guarantee for schools to implement mental health education.

5. Psychological consultation has opened up a broad world for the application of pedagogy and psychology in the school field.

For many years, it has been difficult for pedagogy and psychological theories to enter schools, teachers and the public. Many teachers have taken psychology courses in normal universities and then studied psychology in continuing education, but in educational practice, they don't know how to use psychological knowledge to solve practical problems. One of the important reasons is that the applied research of pedagogy and psychology is relatively weak, and there is a gap between theory and practice. There is a famous saying that "theory is gray and the tree of life is evergreen". If you just stay in the "ivory tower" and the laboratory, there will be no vitality. Therefore, the great mission of pedagogy and psychology in the field of education is to pay attention to and solve the problems in the development of education, and turn the theory into the actions of thousands of educational practitioners in Qian Qian and Qian Qian. It is in this sense that psychological counseling has opened up a vast world for realizing the theoretical value and cultural mission of pedagogy and psychology, and built a bridge between educational theory and educational practice.