Analysis of Factors Affecting the Quality of Higher Education Abstract: This paper discusses the influence of higher education from three aspects: the higher education system, the learning objectives and attitudes of college students, and the status of primary education. The higher education system leads to the imperceptible influence of teachers' quality, the benefit of education and the indifference of educational responsibility; College students' learning objectives and attitudes have undergone fundamental changes, with poor self-control ability and emphasis on diplomas over knowledge; The "whole person" training mode of primary education, the lack and imbalance of educational resources and the present situation of "cramming" teaching have had an essential impact on the quality of higher education.
Keywords: higher education system, education quality
At present, the overall quality of college students is not high, and the quality of higher education is declining year by year. Many researchers have studied its influencing factors, and think that the state's insufficient investment in education, the expansion of schools, the university's own operating mechanism, the imperfect construction and management of teachers, and the lax management of students' education have led to the decline of the quality of higher education {1}. As a higher education worker, the author has been engaged in the front-line teaching of general higher education for 18 years. Judging from his own learning style, the current primary education reform, and the ideological and psychological changes of college students in the past, I think the above factors are not entirely true, but perhaps the following reasons can better reflect its essence.
First, the education system in colleges and universities leads to the subtle influence of teachers' quality.
At present, the salary of some college teachers has little to do with the teaching level and quality. Teaching well is the same as teaching badly, and there is no effective evaluation and reward and punishment system in colleges and universities. Education is just a kind of work. Without a sense of responsibility, it becomes a conscience. Everyone pays more attention to the economy and ignores the responsibility of education. The teaching concepts of "promoting teaching by scientific research" and "promoting teaching by scientific research" are understandable, but teachers need to accurately grasp the balance between teaching and scientific research. The scientific research level is high, but the teaching level is not necessarily high. A person's energy is limited, and it is difficult for most teachers to take care of it. At present, teachers in colleges and universities are busy with scientific research, projects and funds. The reason why this happens is that for the sake of fame and fortune, good scientific research, large projects and large funds will have a high status in colleges and universities, because the evaluation criteria of teachers' teaching level in colleges and universities are biased towards academic research and overemphasize teachers' academic level and scientific research achievements, especially in teachers' promotion, evaluation and annual assessment. As long as the scientific research is done well, all the benefits and interests come, the interpersonal relationship is wide, and the leaders value it. No one will look at your teaching quality and the completion of teaching tasks, because he is an expert in scientific research and has too many auras, and no one dares to question it. For teachers who devote themselves to education and teaching, they can't get any affirmation and evaluation, because there is no evaluation index of teaching quality and no reward system. Even if there are rewards, the assessment is still projects, papers, awards and teaching materials.
Teachers are engaged in scientific research and compiling books, so how much energy is there to study teaching methods and prepare lessons, enrich teaching content and improve teaching level and quality? Therefore, some "celebrities" in colleges and universities are not pure educators, and it is impossible to rely on them to improve teaching quality. However, they are the "stars" in the front line of higher education and everyone will learn from them. Therefore, in the past ten years, the education in some schools has changed, and the quality of university teachers has undergone fundamental changes. Education has become a way and tool for some people to "get rich" and lost their original features {4}.
10 years ago, if a young teacher wanted to go to the podium, he had to help two old teachers for more than a year, and he had to try many times before he could go to the podium, and he could only teach one course in the first round. Nowadays, young teachers have no such experience, and they can walk onto the podium just after graduation. Without solid teaching basic skills and rich teaching experience, how can they improve their teaching level and teaching quality cannot be improved.
Second, college students' learning objectives and attitudes have undergone fundamental changes.
Due to the influence of college enrollment expansion, the overall quality of college students has declined. But this is not the main reason, and the change of college students' learning goals and learning mentality is the fundamental reason for their quality declining year by year.
At present, from primary school to high school in China, students have been studying under the comprehensive supervision of schools and parents. It can be said that they get up early and get greedy for the dark, and spend most of their time studying. After going to college, I lost my supervision and my time was free. College students' learning mentality has changed. They think their study task has been completed, and it's time to relax and play. So I play computer, mobile phone and friends every day, and all my thoughts and energy are not in my study. In this environment, there are too few students who can really resist the temptation. These conditions of college students make the quality of higher education decline year by year.
The learning objectives of college students have also undergone fundamental changes. In China, diplomas still play a decisive role. University is still the best springboard for students to succeed, and diploma is more important than knowledge {1}. Going to college is not to learn knowledge and skills, but to become a mixed degree and diploma. There are fewer students who study hard in class, and more students who read electronic novels and play games. Although it is not absolute, this phenomenon has become commonplace, and teachers, students, even teaching supervisors and school leaders acquiesce. This has also led to front-line teachers losing confidence in education, fewer and fewer students attending classes, less and less interaction with teachers, fewer and fewer people asking questions to teachers, less and less attention of students in class, and teachers will not prepare lessons slowly and seriously, and strive to improve their knowledge level and teaching skills. Some students take postgraduate entrance examination as their goal and study for postgraduate entrance examination. They only study postgraduate subjects, not normal courses or even classes. They go to the library to study foreign languages and advanced mathematics every day. Whether such students can be admitted to graduate school or not, their professional knowledge and skills are lacking. In this way, it is impossible to improve the quality of higher education.
Thirdly, the influence of the current situation of primary education on the quality of higher education.
Primary education is the foundation of higher education. Without a good and open primary education, the quality of higher education will be directly affected. Primary education in China is a kind of "cramming" education, and the educational reform has not changed fundamentally for many years, and it is getting worse. The formulation of educational reform measures, without the participation of teachers, students and parents who are engaged in the front line of education, can not deeply understand the current situation and confusion of primary education, and reform measures may be counterproductive. Although the purpose and desire of the reform are good, some measures are unrealistic, difficult to implement or the effect of implementation is inconsistent with the original intention. At present, parents and students spend more and more on educational resources and educational costs. As far as the current college entrance examination is concerned, if 20 17 is not divided into arts and sciences, parents and students will invest more in education in the future. Whether economically or spiritually, I feel that the current educational concept has become to cultivate children into all-round students with both arts and sciences. Junior high school students' learning subjects at this stage have reached more than 10, totaling dozens of books, almost regardless of primary and secondary. The subjects in the senior high school entrance examination account for a large proportion, and even the subjects that have been tested account for more than 50 points. Therefore, students spend a lot of time and energy to study and make up lessons every day, and the burden on students can only be formal, and the burden on students is getting heavier and heavier. If we don't change this phenomenon from the essence of education, the more the education system changes, the more tired the students will be and the worse the effect will be, and it will be impossible to fundamentally eliminate the phenomenon of teachers charging for make-up lessons. The reason is that parents now ask teachers to make up lessons, and there are too many courses for children to digest at school. If you don't make up, you won't be admitted to a good high school or a good university. In short, educational resources are still lacking and unbalanced. Nowadays, junior and senior high school students have become learning machines and recipients. They can only learn, and their practical ability and innovative thinking ability are getting worse and worse. They have really become high-scoring and low-minded. It's too difficult to train innovative talents when you go to college. Thinking is the same, and innovative thinking is limited. The best period of developing innovative thinking in primary and secondary schools has passed. How creative can such students be? Moreover, students who have been oppressed by 12 are weak in self-control, psychological endurance and ability to deal with problems and affairs when they go to college, and some parents accompany them in college.
Fourth, summary.
To change the quality of higher education in China, we must fundamentally solve the current situation of higher education system and primary education. Respect teachers and attach importance to teaching, improve the treatment of front-line teachers, change the promotion conditions of teachers, implement the initial promotion education system, and gradually cultivate students with special skills. Develop thinking, cultivate innovative ideas, encourage middle and high school students to practice innovation, cultivate and develop students' innovative ideas and innovative consciousness from an early age, so that students can truly develop in an all-round way, gradually improve the quality of higher education and cultivate innovative and applied talents.
References:
Xing Xing, Zhang Zhonghua. On the factors influencing the quality of higher education [J]. Heilongjiang Higher Education Research, 20 10(6)
[2] Zheng Jingyun. Analysis of Factors Affecting the Quality of Higher Education [J]. Adult Education in China, 20 14( 1)
[3] Wang Xinye. Analysis of Factors Affecting the Quality of Higher Education under the Background of Popularization [J]. Economist, 20 10(4)
[4] Sun Fahao, Heng Xuhui. On the factors affecting the quality of higher education in China and its improvement strategies [J]. Journal of Zaozhuang University, 2008( 12)