Nourish students' hearts with the clear spring of appreciation —— Tao Summary of Xinyi Middle School: Ms. Wei, a famous psychologist, said: "The deepest desire of human nature is to gain the appreciation of others, which is everyone's psychological need." Teenagers, in particular, are in a critical period of psychological development, and they are easily influenced by emotional factors when dealing with problems, and the appreciation of others can directly affect or even determine their attitude towards things. Therefore, the new curriculum standard puts forward that teachers should not only respect students, but also learn to appreciate them. In response to this requirement, the author, based on personal teaching experience and related education and teaching theories, talks about the scientific and artistic nature of appreciating students and the psychological basis for teachers to appreciate students: love and tolerance. Key words: learn to appreciate, be willing to appreciate, love and tolerate that a glass of water is not full. In the eyes of some people, what they usually see is "half empty"; But in the eyes of others, what they see is always "half full". Duanmu, who has always opposed the separation of arts and sciences and advocated the education of generalists, told such a story in the article "I guarantee her with my life": Duanmu believed that his daughter Stephen was a sane person. However, in China, my daughter was described by the teacher as "without a mathematical mind", which led to the deterioration of her science performance and almost lost her confidence in learning. Later, his daughter had the opportunity to study in the United States. When she first arrived in the United States, Stephen also encountered unexpected difficulties in her study, but she quickly established her confidence in learning and made incredible achievements in all subjects. What caused her academic performance to be completely different before and after going abroad? Let's look at the letters of recommendation from several American teachers. Math teacher: "… Stephen often solves problems in his elegant and creative way …"; French teacher: "... Stephen is a very clever student, and I believe Stephen will continue to make progress and success in his personal study at the university"; English teacher: "... can she adapt to high-level university study?" I swear on my life that she can do it in this respect, and you shouldn't doubt it for a second! ..... "Obviously, students are like a glass of water that is not full when they are studying outside. In the eyes of teacher China, it is usually "half empty"; In the eyes of American teachers, what they see is always "half full". Therefore, teachers' evaluation criteria for students are different, and the results are different. The expectation and appreciation of American teachers, like a clear spring, moistened her heart and revived the seedlings of her withered learning belief. Ms. Wei, a famous psychologist, said: "The deepest desire of human nature is to gain the appreciation of others, which is everyone's psychological need." Suhomzewski also said: Education is the most subtle mutual contact between man and mind. As a teacher, an encouragement, a simple love, and a casual hint that may inadvertently understate students will leave unforgettable marks on students. Teachers' emotional strength is an important factor for the success of education. Teachers should understand the knowledge and spiritual needs of students and meet their needs in the most appropriate way, so that the educational effect is ideal. Especially junior and senior high school students are in a critical period of psychological development and are easily influenced by emotional factors when dealing with problems. Teachers' appreciation of students can directly affect or even determine students' attitudes, so teachers should learn to appreciate students and be willing to appreciate them. Learning to appreciate and being willing to appreciate is the embodiment of every teacher's comprehensive quality, and it is also the requirement of the times for every teacher. The core idea of the new curriculum is "for the development of every student". In order to realize this brand-new concept, the new curriculum not only emphasizes respecting the dignity and value of every student, but also learns to appreciate every student: "Appreciate the uniqueness, interests, hobbies and specialties of every student; Appreciate every student's even the smallest achievement; Appreciate the efforts and goodwill of every student; Appreciate every student's questioning of textbooks and transcendence of self. " Therefore, teachers should renew their ideas, change their roles, be good at appreciating and be willing to appreciate. Appreciating students is not only a science, but also an art. As the saying goes, one hundred people have one hundred tempers. Students with different personalities have different attitudes and adaptive behaviors towards things, thus affecting the effect of dealing with things. In order to explain this problem, let's first identify several common personality types. In educational psychology, according to the performance in interpersonal relationship, people's personality can be divided into submissive type and independent type; Personality is divided into introversion and extroversion according to the different ways of responding to things; Other personality characteristics besides the above two characteristics. Such as careful and earnest character, careless character, etc. In the process of education and teaching, teachers should be familiar with the different personality characteristics of different students and be good at using the positive factors in students' personality characteristics to promote their physical and mental development. For example, obedient students think that their learning quality mainly depends on teachers, parents and external environmental factors. Such students do not strive for academic success by proving their ability, but strive for good grades to meet the expectations of teachers, parents or schools. Therefore, this kind of students passively accept the learning contents and tasks taught by teachers in their learning methods, and are used to seeking solutions to problems according to the requirements of books or ready-made answers, showing the same thinking style. Therefore, in the process of education and teaching, teachers should pay attention to discovering this kind of students' learning attitude and the initiative to seek the opposite sex, and appreciate them, so as to overcome the negative factors in students' personality. For example, when an obedient student completes several learning tasks on his own initiative, the teacher can say, "I appreciate your practice"; When he answers questions insightful, the teacher can say "you are not ordinary", while other independent students and obedient students behave the opposite. Students with independent personality believe that their academic performance is entirely based on their interests, abilities and diligence. Therefore, such students are unwilling to accept external forces from their parents or teachers and try to succeed through their own efforts. In the attitude towards things, independent students show more inconsistency with teachers and parents than obedient students. When his or her views are unusual and correct, praise him or her for being "unconventional", "you are so happy" and "I am proud of you"; When his or her views are incorrect and opinionated, such compliments may be more effective: "You are serious", "You will succeed", "I know you will think about this problem from another angle", "You are the winner in the end" and so on. For students who are introverted to things, they should appreciate more in order to establish confidence in overcoming difficulties; For students who are extroverted to things, when their thoughts and behaviors do not conform to the norms, their advantages can be fully affirmed, and their shortcomings can be transformed into criticism and appreciation. Giving up the basics is the full embodiment of appreciating the scientific nature. Praise students and pay attention to artistry. The artistry of appreciation is embodied in the right angle, flexible way and suitable situation. To achieve the best appreciation effect, we must first choose a suitable appreciation angle, and some can appreciate his behavior, such as "You are advancing", "You are doing well", "Your work is excellent" and "Your innovative spirit makes me admire …"; Some can focus on thoughts, such as "I admire you very much", "your thoughts have laid the foundation for success" and "you always think of others"; Even if you put forward hope for students, you can put forward "I think you can do it" and "I know you will succeed" in the form of appreciation. Secondly, the way of appreciation should be flexible. In addition to inspiring language, appreciation can be supplemented by expressions and actions. For example, nodding your head means praising, touching your head, patting your shoulder, etc. Another example is holding a monograph and listening to students' speeches with a smile. Students ask or answer questions well, which makes them surprised and happy. Sometimes it can be supplemented by appropriate small prizes, such as a candy, a brochure and so on. , will achieve unexpected results. The scene to be enjoyed again should be appropriate. When, where and how to appreciate it should be just right. Those who show outstanding advantages to students and have the function of educating others should be praised immediately, or verbally praised or awarded certificates; For general encouraging appreciation, it is suggested to use verbal appreciation or facial expressions. It is worth noting that appreciation is based on the premise that it will not cause resentment to yourself or others. For example, when students misunderstand you, improper praise will make them feel disgusted before the misunderstanding is eliminated; Appreciation of some students is too frequent, and improper methods may cause dissatisfaction of other students. All these will make the appreciation lose its due effectiveness. Love and tolerance are the basis of appreciation. Teachers should regard friendship with students as an indispensable part of their own education and teaching. In the process of communication, we should have a heart and try to see the bright spots of students, and we should not decide the relationship between relatives and friends by personal likes and dislikes. We should look at our students from a developmental perspective, especially those who are different from ourselves in behavior and thought. As long as they work hard, even the smallest achievements will be appreciated. 1975 On Mother's Day, Bill Gates sent his mother a card, which read: "I love you! Mom, you never said I was worse than other children; You always look for something commendable in what I do; I miss all the time with you. " Love is the best education, and the best way to express love is appreciation. Only when teachers learn to be tolerant can they discover more advantages of students. There is a famous saying that the ocean is the widest in the world, the sky is wider than the ocean, and people's minds are wider than the sky. You should be more tolerant of those students who have made mistakes, even those who have a negative attitude towards teachers. Tolerance is a great sentiment. Jean Valjean in Les Miserables was taken in by the priest, but his bad habits were hard to change and he stole from the priest. However, when the police investigated the priest, the priest said that these things were given to him by himself, so that Jean Valjean escaped the bad luck of going to prison once. Inspired by this, Jean Valjean turned over a new leaf. Even if students make mistakes, experienced teachers will appreciate their criticism. An art class student carved a tiger on the desk, and the class teacher who taught Chinese saw it and said that your tiger was carved vividly, but it was not carved in the right place. Go home and carve it on the board to see me off. The students accepted it gladly, and there was no more graffiti. Longing for appreciation is the most essential demand of human beings, and appreciation is especially important for growing teenagers. As an educator, you should learn to appreciate students and be willing to appreciate them. The only successful education is to actively mobilize students' positive factors and make them believe in their own strength. Refer to Korean Educational Psychology People's Education Press to appreciate your students. Hainan Press, the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education, entered the new curriculum Beijing Normal University Press.