(A) the principle of unity of science and ideology
Also known as the principle of combining science with education, it means that in teaching, teachers should not only impart modern advanced scientific basic knowledge and basic skills to students, but also combine the inherent moral education factors in knowledge and skills to educate students on political, ideological and moral qualities.
Requirements for implementing this principle:
Ensure the scientific nature of teaching.
Explore the ideological content of teaching materials and carry out moral education for students.
Teachers should constantly improve their professional level and ideological quality.
(B) the principle of intuition
Teachers should make full use of students' various senses and existing experience, enrich students' direct experience and perceptual knowledge through various forms of perception, so that students can obtain vivid representations and master knowledge comprehensively and profoundly.
Requirements for implementing this principle:
We should correctly choose intuitive teaching AIDS and teaching methods.
The demonstration of visual AIDS should be combined with language explanation.
Attach importance to the use of language sense
(3) Heuristic principle
Teachers should take the initiative to admit that students are the main body of learning, pay attention to mobilizing their learning initiative, guide them to think independently, actively explore, study lively, consciously master scientific knowledge, and improve their ability to analyze and solve problems.
Requirements for implementing this principle:
Arouse students' initiative in learning. This is the first question of enlightenment.
Inspire students to think independently and develop logical thinking ability.
Encourage students to start work and cultivate their independent thinking ability.
Carry forward teaching democracy
(D) the principle of merger
In teaching, teachers should guide students to firmly grasp knowledge and basic skills on the basis of understanding, so that they can be kept in memory for a long time and accurately extracted when necessary, which is convenient for the application of knowledge and skills.
Requirements for implementing this principle:
Consolidate knowledge on the basis of understanding
Organize students' review work well
Actively consolidate knowledge in expanding, reorganizing and applying knowledge.
(5) the principle of gradual progress
Teachers should teach in strict accordance with the internal logical system of scientific knowledge and the development order of students' cognitive ability, so that students can master basic knowledge and skills systematically and form strict logical thinking ability.
Requirements for implementing this principle:
Teaching according to the systematization of teaching materials
Pay attention to the main contradictions and solve the key and difficult points in teaching.
From shallow to deep, from easy to difficult, from simple to complex.
(six) the principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude
It is necessary to proceed from the unified requirements of curriculum plan and subject curriculum standards, face all students, and at the same time carry out targeted teaching according to the individual differences of students, so that each student can make full use of its strengths and avoid its weaknesses and obtain the best development.
Requirements for implementing this principle:
We should adhere to the unified requirements of curriculum plan and subject curriculum standards
Understand the students and proceed from reality to teach.
Be good at discovering each student's interests and hobbies, and create conditions for each student's different specialties to be brought into play as much as possible.
(7) the principle of integrating theory with practice
Teaching should focus on learning basic knowledge. Teachers should guide students to understand knowledge from the connection between theory and practice, pay attention to using knowledge to analyze and solve problems, and achieve the purpose of applying what they have learned and applying what they have learned.
Requirements for implementing this principle:
The teaching of book knowledge should be combined with practice.
Pay attention to cultivating students' ability to use knowledge
Correctly handle the relationship between knowledge teaching and skill training
Supplement the necessary local teaching materials.
(eight) the principle of ability
The principle of ability, also known as the principle of acceptability, means that teaching activities should be suitable for students' development level. This principle is put forward to prevent the teaching difficulty from being lower than or higher than the actual level of students' mastery of knowledge.
Requirements for implementing this principle:
Pay attention to the age characteristics of students
Understand the specific characteristics of students' development
Properly grasp the teaching difficulties