1, with clear observation purpose.

Observation in educational research is different from unconscious observation or unsystematic observation in daily life. It is aimed at the question to be answered or the research hypothesis, and has a clear direction and selectivity to the question of what to observe and what to do with the observed information and materials.

2. The observed object is not subject to any interference and control.

Educational investigation is carried out in a natural state, that is, it does not change the natural conditions and development process of the observed object, so that researchers can examine the general and typical behaviors of the observed object in daily life and learning activities. In the process of observation, there is generally no need to have a special environment or use complex tools, and first-hand information can be collected objectively and truly.

3, there are detailed observation records

Compared with observation in daily life, observation in educational research is systematically recorded. Observation activities should not only aim at certain purposes. Follow certain procedures, that is, what to observe, where to observe, when to observe and how to observe are clearly defined in advance, and the results of observation should be recorded in detail.

What to record, how to record it, and what to do after recording are also clear in advance. Only by observing according to the observation plan and making detailed observation records can the observation results be used as research materials to avoid subjectivity and prejudice.

Implementation procedures of educational research

1, clearly study the problem and clarify the purpose and significance of observation.

The observer should first know what to know, what materials to collect, determine the object, time, place, content and method of observation, and answer questions such as why and how to observe.

2. Prepare the observation outline and enter the research situation.

The observer should clearly classify the observation object units and determine the most important observation direction. The observation outline should be flexible to prevent the omission of effective materials.

3. Observe, collect and record data.

Observers should make planned, step-by-step, comprehensive and systematic observations, and collect and record relevant information. Record should be accurate, observation and recording can be carried out at the same time, or observation can be made before recording. Observation and recording are the core links of the whole observation and research. Observation is the premise of record, and record is the preservation of observation results. Observers should strive to be attentive, keen and objective when observing, and pay attention to being timely, detailed and clear when recording.

4. Analyze the data and draw the research conclusion.

The analysis of data mainly includes qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis is descriptive analysis, and general conclusions are drawn from the special through induction; Quantitative analysis refers to the statistical analysis and conclusion of the data obtained in the study.