I. Background
Since the new century, the development of vocational education has made great achievements. With the rapid development of secondary and higher vocational education, the basic ability of vocational colleges to run schools has been significantly improved, the combination of production and education and the cooperation between schools and enterprises have been deepened, and the policy guarantee system has been further improved. Vocational education has played a more prominent supporting role in the transformation of economic development mode and the adjustment of industrial structure, and has made great contributions to improving people's livelihood and promoting economic and social development. In 20 10, the National Education Work Conference convened and promulgated the Outline of the National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020). According to the central strategic plan, the whole country puts the development of vocational education in a more prominent strategic position, takes improving the quality of personnel training as an important part of deepening the reform of vocational education, comprehensively promotes the construction of modern vocational education system, and the development of vocational education has entered a new historical period.
At present, the construction of modern vocational education system has entered the initial stage. The construction of vocational education system has been carried out in an all-round way, the level and professional structure of vocational education have been continuously improved, and the pattern of coordinated development of secondary and higher vocational education has basically taken shape. However, as the key link and important foundation of modern vocational education system, secondary vocational education and higher vocational education, as the same type, different stages and different levels of education, have not been effectively linked. The systematic concept of talent training has not yet been formed, the channels for students in vocational schools to continue their further studies are still not smooth, and there are problems such as disconnection, fault or repetition in the specialty setting, curriculum textbook system, teaching and examination evaluation of secondary and higher vocational schools, which have become the primary factors restricting the construction of modern vocational education system and the outstanding obstacles affecting the accelerated development of modern vocational education, and must be solved as soon as possible.
The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the objectives and tasks of building a well-off society in an all-round way and deepening reform and opening up in an all-round way, and made overall arrangements for promoting the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. To achieve the goal and task of building a well-off society in an all-round way as scheduled, vocational education has a great mission, and it is urgent to develop modern vocational education. Realizing the effective connection and all-round development of secondary and higher vocational education is a tough battle to accelerate the development of modern vocational education. In accordance with the requirements of scientific development, we should start with solving outstanding problems, take reform and innovation as a powerful driving force, grasp key points, make overall plans, gather strength, overcome difficulties, strive to push the construction of modern vocational education system to a new height, and lay a solid foundation for realizing the goals of building a well-off society in an all-round way, accelerating the transformation of development mode, narrowing the income distribution gap and improving people's livelihood.
Second, the guiding ideology, overall objectives and guiding principles
(A) the guiding ideology
Thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, adhere to the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development, comprehensively implement the Party's education policy, comprehensively promote quality education, conscientiously implement the outline of education planning, take service as the purpose, take employment as the guidance, take reform and innovation as the driving force, take the idea of systematically cultivating talents as the guidance, take the reform of academic system and enrollment system as the basis, take the innovation of talent training mode as the core, and focus on the construction of curriculum connection system. We will comprehensively promote the convergence of personnel training in secondary and higher vocational schools, speed up the construction of a modern vocational education system, meet the urgent requirements of the country to transform its economic development mode and improve people's livelihood, and systematically train high-quality technical and skilled personnel according to the growth law of technical and skilled personnel.
(2) the overall goal
Analyze and study the demand of economic and social development for technical and skilled talents, and systematically design the training objectives of middle and higher vocational talents; Reform the academic system and entrance examination system of vocational education; Taking the market as the leading factor, coordinating the specialty setting of secondary and higher vocational schools; Constructing the curriculum and teaching material system connecting secondary and higher vocational education; Promote the reform of comprehensive talent training mode in secondary and higher vocational colleges; Establish and improve the enrollment, management, teaching and evaluation system of the connection between secondary and higher vocational schools, and form a long-term mechanism of cooperative education, employment and development between secondary and higher vocational schools.
By 20 15, we will realize the effective connection of the entrance examination system, academic system, curriculum system, specialty setting, teaching mode, inter-school cooperation, teacher training, quality evaluation, industry guidance, training equipment, etc., build an effective system guarantee system, and initially form a modern vocational education pattern that meets the needs of economic structure layout and industrial development, complements each other, and forms a modern vocational education.
(3) Guiding principles
1. Adhere to overall planning and pay attention to top-level design. Standing on the height of the overall economic and social development, we should focus on changing the multi-level and diversified demand of economic development mode for technical and skilled talents, focusing on the organic connection and close communication of economic structure, social structure and educational structure, coordinating the development of secondary and higher vocational education, paying attention to top-level design and systematic guidance, and providing the correct direction and strong guarantee for the connection of secondary and higher vocational personnel training.
2. Stick to the problem and grasp the key links. In-depth investigation and study of the actual development of various places, identify the main problems that restrict the effective convergence and coordinated development of secondary and higher vocational schools, and study ways and means to solve them. Grasp the key links and major contradictions, treat both the symptoms and the root causes, focus on breakthroughs, and strive for new changes in one year and overall changes in three years.
3. Adhere to reform and innovation, and highlight the construction of characteristics. Guided by the concept of modern vocational education, we will vigorously promote the innovation of system and mechanism around the construction of talent training convergence system in secondary and higher vocational colleges. Give full play to the enthusiasm of governments at all levels, industrial enterprises, vocational colleges and social forces, boldly learn from foreign advanced experience, and combine with the reality of regional development to establish a convergence model and system with China characteristics, regional characteristics and industry characteristics.
4. Adhere to classified guidance and promote coordinated development. All localities should formulate construction plans according to local conditions according to the actual economic, social and educational development, and implement classified guidance to avoid "one size fits all" and "big help". Encourage all localities to start from the national conditions, provincial conditions and regional conditions, explore specific modes of connecting secondary and higher vocational schools, and realize diversified and multi-form development. Give support to the western, rural and ethnic minority areas, and promote the coordinated development of secondary and higher vocational education between regions and between urban and rural areas.
Three. Key tasks and main contents
Focusing on the needs of economic and social development and people's all-round development, we will focus on implementing the "Ten Major Plans", promote the construction process of modern vocational education system, and enhance the ability of vocational education system to cultivate technical and skilled talents and serve economic and social development.
(A) higher vocational education enrollment and examination system reform program
In accordance with the principles of top-level design, classified guidance, encouraging exploration and steady progress, we will continue to improve the diversified enrollment and selection mode, vigorously promote the assessment and evaluation method of "knowledge plus skills", and gradually form a modern higher vocational education examination enrollment system with unified enrollment, counterpart enrollment and individual enrollment as the main part, supplemented by skill enrollment and through enrollment in secondary and higher vocational schools, with overall management by provincial governments, services provided by professional institutions, diverse choices of students, independent choices of schools and effective social supervision.
1. Popularize the "knowledge plus skills" assessment and evaluation of enrollment methods.
Provincial education administrative departments should combine the needs of local economic and social development for the selection and training of technical and skilled personnel and the implementation of the new curriculum reform in ordinary high schools, increase the content of vocational education in ordinary high schools, and promote the diversified development of ordinary high schools. In the unified examination subject setting or evaluation system of higher vocational schools, the examination of candidates' ability to solve problems by using technical skills should be increased, and the weight of skill subjects should be gradually increased in the admission requirements. Higher vocational schools conduct comprehensive evaluation according to candidates' cultural examinations and skill subjects, and select the best candidates. The part of cultural examination focuses on the cultural knowledge that candidates should have in receiving higher vocational education. Some subjects of the college entrance examination can be adopted or organized by the provincial entrance examination institutions. The skill subject examination is organized by all provinces, and can be tested many times a year, with the highest score.
2. Explore the enrollment method of combining vocational skills assessment with high school level examination.
The provincial education administrative departments should further improve the high school level examination and students' comprehensive quality evaluation system, approve some pilot higher vocational schools, and select the best candidates according to the examination results of candidates' professional skills organized by the school before the college entrance examination, combined with the students' high school level examination results and comprehensive quality evaluation. The weight of vocational skills assessment scores and high school academic level test scores in the admission requirements shall be determined by the pilot schools according to the training requirements of each major.
3. Improve counterpart enrollment in secondary vocational schools based on skill assessment.
The provincial education administrative departments, entrance examination institutions and relevant higher vocational schools should comprehensively consider the number of graduates from local secondary vocational schools and ordinary high schools, the needs of economic, social and vocational education development, improve the relevant examinations focusing on vocational skills and professional foundation in the entrance examination for secondary vocational graduates, and gradually establish an examination admission method based on professional skills assessment results. Provincial education administrative departments should expand the scale of counterpart recruitment for secondary vocational school graduates.