Engaged in family education research for a long time. At present, he is in charge of the national social science fund education key project (AHA 1800 15), "Research on international experience and localization practice of home-school cooperation".
Family, school, government and society all have the responsibility to run education well.
In particular, family is the first school in life, and parents are the first teachers of children. It is necessary to teach children the "first lesson of life" and help them button the first button of life.
Education, women's federations and other departments should co-ordinate social resources to support family education.
The current level of family education in China is not in direct proportion to the demand of more than 400 million families and the vast number of families for high-quality education. The specific manifestations are: family education is not included in the government management system, education funds are short of family education budget, family education legislation takes the road of investigation, there are few researchers in family education discipline, and their professional status is not high.
Therefore, the benign interaction of education has been hindered, and it has also made education managers reflect that there are more and more thorny problems brought by parents and family education. Moreover, many parents have a deviation in the orientation of school education and regard school education as the whole of education. Schools should not only undertake the responsibility of all children's education, but also because of the lack of professional and standardized management of family education, many off-campus educational institutions and their staff have played a leading role in promoting family education, further distorting the original meaning of family education and interfering with the normal educational order.
Today's theme aims to explore what kind of family education we really need.
Modern education system needs family education.
The role of family in a person's quality of life is self-evident.
Especially before entering school, the role will become greater.
To this, China people say "three years old, six years old".
There is a book in Germany called Little Head and Big World. Two of the words are very vivid. 1~7 years old may be less than 10% of life, but it determines 70% of life. Only by exploring the first eight years of life can we spend the eighty years of life.
Many parents define their children's education as school study, extra-curricular counseling and special training, and regard school examination results as the standard of their children's Excellence and academic qualifications as the standard of their success in life. This is a big misunderstanding in the field of family education.
In my speeches again and again, what I said about good, suitable and even successful family education is to see whether the child can live and work independently after entering the society, and must have a so-called "decent" job.
In China, the fathers and ancestors of the first generation and the second generation of only children received career-oriented production education, but they lacked the life education of establishing a family.
The problems caused by this lack of education are fully exposed in the growth and marriage of their children and grandchildren. Picturesque: "If you don't know marriage, you will enter the family; if you don't know education, you will have children; if you don't know health, you will have a life; if you don't know the world, you will enter the society."
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Only when we enter the environment where we learn and grow up can we manage happiness.
Learning can't change the starting point of your life, but it can definitely change the end point of your life.
It is good for a person to be a parent by instinct, but being a good parent requires skills and professional parenting knowledge.
Nowadays, family fertility has changed from the traditional pursuit of quantity to the requirement of children's quality, which provides the development soil and demand market for family education specialization.
The specialization of family education is related to the quality of citizens, social harmony and even the future development of the country.
Parents' educational ability is closely related to the professional construction level of family education discipline.
The establishment of modern school system puts forward the specialization of teacher development. Do parents who are the first teachers in their children's lives also need specialization? This is worth thinking about.
Experts usually refer to "people who are engaged in occupations that require professional skills, and these occupations require special intelligence in order to provide professional social services".
Specialization refers to the process that ordinary professional groups gradually reach professional standards, become professional professional groups and obtain corresponding professional status in a certain period of time.
With the rapid development of science and technology, the social division of labor is becoming more and more detailed, and various new occupations emerge one after another. Professionalization has become an important trend of social professional development, and professional accomplishment has also become an important standard to measure the maturity of professional development.
Family education is the basic project of human education system.
Raising children and being parents is a professional process, which requires the specialization of parents' qualifications.
Imagine that an unscientific and unprofessional education building will become solid with basic education projects.
In addition, this is also a common demand in the new era.
With the advent of the information age, the renewal of educational concepts and the enhancement of children's personality awareness, today's family education is no longer a paternalistic era of "severe punishment", but an era of equality, openness and interaction.
Parents should stand at the forefront of the times, provide scientific, healthy and effective educational guidance and companionship for their children, "lead by example", patiently wake up their children and convince them with professional skills.
In this warm and equal professional environment, only when children's psychological needs and personality needs are fully met can their personality, imagination, creativity, emotion, will, talents and values grow healthily.
Facts have proved that teaching and educating people requires self-cultivation.
To achieve a good family education effect, parents should first have a sense of self-growth and become scientific and professional "good parents", and replace "skill love" and "professional education ability" with "emotional education model"
In today's international era, it is the practical needs of the broad masses of the people in the new era and the needs of all walks of life to finally establish a professional family education system with China characteristics by learning from and reflecting on the successful experiences and failures of other countries.
This is also a successful experience proved by the educational development in developed countries.
Parenting education in developed countries (also called "parent education" in China, sometimes called "elder education" and "parent education") has a history of nearly a hundred years. In recent years, there have been many educational projects set up by the competent departments of parenting education and government organizations, all of which are national parenting education.
Countries that have successfully developed parenting education usually lead the educational practice in research, development, evaluation and guidance through the effective integration of various resources.
At present, countries with relatively mature development in this field include the United States, Australia, Britain and France.
The specialization of parenting education and family education in the United States has entered a mature stage after a century of cultivation and integration.
PAT National Center (literally translated as "Let Parents Become Teachers") is a national professional education program for parents set up by the US government, providing services for families of children aged 0-5.
The core idea of the project is that children's early life experiences are very important for their future development, and parents' education as the first teacher needs special attention.
All parents' educational plans, family support courses, education and training, information content and service measures must fully understand and take care of the customs and differences of different cultures in the process of providing services for families that must be based on scientific research.
PAT National Center of the United States has organized various technical resources and funding channels and developed various forms of parent training programs.
The typical representative of parenting education in Australia is "ParentEmpowermentProgram".
The project aims to improve parents' educational efficiency and help them master the skills of effectively disciplining their children.
In addition, another feature of parenting education in Australia is to cooperate with universities and research institutions to assist in systematic evaluation when implementing the plan, so as to make the implementation of parenting education more scientific and systematic.
The National Institute for Parenting Guidance, which was established by the British government with an investment of 30 million pounds, is led by the Department of Children, Family and Schools of the British government, with the participation of the British parent education organization and undertaken by a third-party British university. Is a "every parent's business" professional who designs new courses to improve the college's parenting skills.
Courses include strengthening parent-child relationship, encouraging fathers to get in touch with their children, and improving parents' ability to help them "recharge" their reading, writing and arithmetic problems, so that parents can participate in their children's school education as much as possible.
Problems faced by family education specialization
There are more than 400 million families in China, which has formed many unique educational phenomena and problems. Most families have the desire to solve these problems, but the existing professional level of family education in China can not meet the requirements of the people.
Every industry in society has industry standards and professional requirements. As a special "profession" of students' parents, the society has raised the question of whether to receive education and "work with certificates".
This is a problem worthy of study, and it is a problem of parents' re-understanding, re-improvement and professional development.
From the perspective of raising children, parenting is a professional process.
At present, parenting education (education for the aged) and parenting education (parent-child relationship education) have become a worldwide topic.
Relevant research shows that 80% of families have different degrees of educational problems.
Specifically, in the context of rising divorce rate, single parents and reorganized families are increasing. Due to the improvement of the living conditions of children with educational problems (the popularization of computers and televisions), the communication time between children and parents is reduced, and peer communication is reduced. The influence of blind comparison consumption on children's physical and mental health, the influence of superior material conditions on children's self-reliance ability, the pressure problem brought by the increase of parents' expectations, the conflict, confusion and trouble brought by online family technology to education, the large amount of information interleaving in the information age, and the difference in children's acceptance and resolution.
In addition, there are still problems such as uneven quality of parents, lack of family education knowledge, inadequate family education, dislocation, abdication and improper behavior.
Frankly speaking, the emergence of these problems has brought opportunities and goals to the specialization of family education, as well as unprecedented difficulties and challenges.
Here, I want to emphasize that we ask questions not to emphasize difficulties, but to call for facing up to problems, keeping a clear head, taking more rational and effective measures to deal with difficulties and challenges, and speeding up the pace of family education specialization.
The family education management service system needs to be improved.
On the one hand, China's family education needs professional guidance, on the other hand, there are still some problems in the field of professional guidance of family education, which are embodied in the need to strengthen the role of the government and improve the ability of coordination mechanism. There are not enough "specialized and innovative" personnel with imperfect institutional configuration, and there are more "novices"; The training system is not perfect; The research team and theoretical system have not yet formed; The funds for family education guidance services are insufficient, and there are few special policies based on self-raised funds. There is still a gap between the reality of guidance services with insufficient safety policies and parents' expectations.
The establishment of modern education system and people's demand for high-quality education urgently require the construction of family education management service system, which is also the embodiment of national education development and planning level.
I think we can start with the following points.
First, build a top-down guidance service system.
Among them, the first is the top-level design, family education is a part of education, and the professionalization of family education instructors is the career of educators. There must be government command and a unified design of "a national chess game", and it is impossible to fight alone.
The national education administrative department should bear corresponding responsibilities, do a good job in overall planning to realize the professional development of tutoring, clarify the main tasks, straighten out the relationship between government and enterprises and their respective responsibilities, and strictly enforce the system and mechanism of personnel training, as well as the standards, training, selection, certification, management and use of experts.
The second is to build a standardized system training platform with innovative thinking.
Education informatization will surely become an important measure for national education reform and improving the overall education level.
It is necessary to incorporate the construction of professional distance education platform for family education instructors into the overall planning of "Internet" education informatization, provide policy support and material guarantee by the government, and comprehensively promote the professional training of family education instructors in combination with online education.
The third is to effectively implement the plan of offering family education courses for related majors in colleges and universities.
Whether online or online, tutor training must have basic guarantees such as teaching materials and teachers, which is the basis of tutor professional training.
Using the existing talent training system in colleges and universities, the administrative department of education should stipulate that normal colleges, related vocational colleges and social work majors in colleges and universities should incorporate "family education" into their curriculum system to ensure the successors of family education research and education.
Fourth, relying on social organizations to build professional teams.
In the top-level design, relevant social organizations give full play to their professional advantages, maximize the integration of social education resources, set up a stable national and local family education supervision and service professional team, consolidate the training results, cultivate professional talents, and recommend teachers, teaching materials and activities to various parent schools and other institutions.
Secondly, we should gradually improve the management system.
Among them, the most important thing is to strengthen organizational management.
There is no doubt about the necessity and importance of family education guidance for parents, but there will be many problems that cannot be solved by themselves in the development of spontaneous family education guidance. Grass-roots leading organs directly face the leadership of parents. In the process of family education guidance, many problems need the help of grass-roots leaders and superior departments, such as the start, organization and inspection of leadership work, the guarantee of leadership venues, equipment and funds, and the guidance, exchange and improvement of leadership work. Provide guides, teaching materials and reference materials, evaluate and encourage leaders' requirements for the quality and efficiency of leadership work, study practical problems, causes and solutions in leadership, as well as coordination, cooperation and unity among leaders, between grass-roots units and superior departments and between different departments, determine long-term development plans, short-term work plans and specific work requirements for leadership work, and lead institutions, competent departments and coordination institutions for leadership work.
While strengthening organizational management, we should also establish a sound management system. At present, the specific guidance of family education for grassroots parents has formed a preliminary organizational management system.
This organizational management system is divided into three levels: top, middle and bottom.
Among them, the national level is responsible for establishing laws and regulations, making plans and making guiding decisions on the national family education guidance service. Including three family education laws and regulations being formulated, three children's development programs and four five-year family education plans, the National Family Education Guidance Program promulgated on 20 12, and other relevant policy documents on the national family education guidance service, including the meeting of the Joint Committee and the national family education work conference.
The middle level includes education, women's federations, health system and local counties in various provinces. , start, promote and guarantee the grassroots family education guidance service.
The middle level is responsible for top-down leadership, and must make plans and systems for local work according to the design and requirements of the top level, so as to provide protection for family education and guidance services at the grassroots level.
Grassroots units are schools, communities, enterprises and institutions, and social professional guidance institutions, which implement specific organization and management of family education guidance services of their own units.
Home-school cooperation and parent-teacher cooperation are inevitable trends.
Home-school cooperation refers to the cooperative and coordinated mutual assistance activities carried out by two relatively independent social organizations, aiming at promoting the healthy development of teenagers and children.
Home-school cooperation not only greatly promotes the development of teenagers and children, but also has great significance for improving the education level of parents and educators and realizing the modernization of primary and secondary school management.
Without the help of parents and the guidance of isolated schools and relevant departments, school education is very difficult.
Faced with the impact of the one-child generation and various social influences, the education of families and schools is facing unprecedented difficulties and challenges, and it is difficult for families and schools to improve the educational effect on their own.
Therefore, families need the help of schools more than ever, and schools need the support of parents more than ever.
There is a natural connection between school education and family education, and the cooperation between home and school is pleasant, and the students benefit the most. If there are contradictions within the family, it will not only hurt the students, but also hurt the family, others and even society.
If school education is compared to one wheel of a small train, then family education is another wheel.
Only two-wheel drive can let children enter the future smoothly.
The core of home-school cooperation is the cooperation of parents, which is the cooperation between parents and teachers.
Parents and teachers connect educational resources to form a supplement, so that children can grow up more healthily and study better.
The common starting point of parental cooperation is the sincere care of parents and teachers for their children.
The basic requirement of parents' cooperation is mutual support at work.
If you don't support it, it will not only be cooperation, but also have bad results.
The relationship among family, school and students can be likened to an isosceles triangle. Students are at the top, and family and school are at the bottom.
The longer the base of a proposition, the lower the vertex, the shorter the base and the higher the vertex.
Conclusion The farther the distance between home and school, the lower the development of students, and the closer the distance between home and school, the higher the development of students.
In fact, after children go to school, families and schools form an alliance, and training and success are the common goals of both sides, which makes them unite as one, unite as one, have the same direction, be the same as their peers and have the same education.
This common vision forms the basis of home-school cooperation and parent-teacher cooperation.
With the accelerated development of society, integration has become a problem that the whole world must take seriously.
In education, the cooperation between home and school and parents is an irresistible trend.
The Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020) puts forward that "providing adequate education for every student" is a strategic choice for the country to cultivate talents adapted to the 2 1 century and promote the development of educational connotation. It directly embodies the educational concept of "educating people-oriented" and is an educational administrator, teacher and parent at all levels.
Proper education is personalized education.
After the industrial revolution, school education centered on classroom teaching often pays attention to commonness and ignores individuality.
Universality is essentially the essential basic quality of social people, individuality is the uniqueness of self-development, and family has an absolute advantage in personalized education.
Unfortunately, many families do not give full play to the advantages of personalized education, do not teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and some schools do not attach importance to cultivating students' personality.
It should be said that no parents want their children's talent and potential to be buried, and everyone wants to explore their own advantages and develop all their professional knowledge. But in normal education, parents are most concerned about "key universities" and children's ".
Every life has spiritual and innate achievements, and the key is how to cultivate and develop.
Our school and family should cooperate, pay attention to the education of "prolonging life" instead of "making up for short life", and strive to tap children's potential and intellectual advantages. The combination of "short life to make up for short life" needed by general education in schools and "prolonging life" persisted by family personality education is the best cooperation.
It is the success of education to let children become the "best self".
Improving the professional level of family education and the quality of parents' education is the only way to optimize our education.
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