Nuclear fusion, also known as nuclear fusion, fusion reaction or fusion reaction, is a form of nuclear reaction in which two lighter nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus and a very light nucleus (or particle). Due to the great gravity of the sun, the center is constantly compressed, and the core temperature is as high as 15 million degrees. In this way, nuclear fusion is produced, that is, a thermonuclear reaction in which four hydrogen atoms are polymerized into one helium atom.
In the nuclear fusion of the sun, 4 million tons of matter will be converted into energy every second, and the generated energy will take 6.5438+million years to reach the surface. Because the mass is too large, it is almost negligible for the sun, which is why it has existed for so long.
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Nuclear fission was discovered in 1938. Due to the needs of World War II at that time, nuclear fission was first used to make a powerful atomic weapon-the atomic bomb.
The great power of the atomic bomb comes from the great energy produced by nuclear fission (see explanation below). After the war, people not only used nuclear fission to make atomic bombs, but also worked harder to study and use the huge energy generated by nuclear fission to benefit mankind, so that nuclear fission was always under people's control. Nuclear power plants use nuclear fission to generate electricity.
Atomic bomb is a kind of nuclear weapon, which uses photothermal radiation, shock wave and induced radioactivity of nuclear reaction to cause killing and destruction, as well as large-scale radioactive pollution, and prevents the other side from taking military action to achieve strategic goals.
It mainly includes fission weapons (first generation nuclear weapons, usually called atomic bombs) and fusion weapons (also called hydrogen bombs, which are divided into two levels and three levels). Some also put light elements with induced radiation into weapons to increase radiation intensity, expand pollution, or strengthen neutron radiation to kill people (such as neutron bombs).
Nuclear weapon refers to a weapon that uses the energy released by self-sustaining nuclear fission or fusion reaction to produce explosion and has a large-scale killing effect. Among them, fission weapons are mainly made by using the fission chain reaction principle of heavy nuclei such as uranium 235 (U) or plutonium 239 (Pu), and are usually called atomic bombs. Thermonuclear weapons or fusion weapons are mainly made by using the thermonuclear reaction principle of light nuclei such as heavy hydrogen (deuterium) or overweight hydrogen (tritium), and are usually called hydrogen bombs.