The purpose of education is different in different historical development years and different social development stages, so it will be different in types. The following are common types of educational purposes:
First, distinguish from the characteristics of function: value purpose and functional purpose.
The purpose of value refers to the development direction and requirements of people's values, outlook on life, morality, aesthetics and world outlook, and is fundamentally to solve people's social feelings and individual feelings. Therefore, the purpose of value education is to guide and require practical education to pay attention to the development of people's spiritual world, value orientation, emotional attitude, aesthetic taste and personality, so that people can rely on their inner world in their survival, that is, "the heart belongs."
Functional purpose refers to solving the development and promotion of people's practical ability and function in various activities, and developing and promoting the usefulness and efficacy of people's behavior in activities. Therefore, the purpose of functional education requires that practical education activities should cultivate students' intelligent literacy and problem-solving skills.
Second, from the characteristics of the requirements: the ultimate purpose of sex education and the purpose of developmental education.
The ultimate goal of sex education, also known as the ideal education goal, refers to the most important achievements of various kinds of education and its activities in human cultivation, which contains the ideal requirements for human development. The ultimate goal of sex education has a macro impact on educational activities, and has the significance of guiding principles and directions.
The purpose of developmental education, also known as the purpose of realistic education, refers to the various results that educational activities have to achieve at different stages, indicating that different stages and periods have various requirements for the cultivation of people. The purpose of developmental education has a concrete impact on the educational stage and its activities, and has a direct evaluation and identification significance for the results of solving various practical educational problems.
Third, from its scope: internal educational purpose and external educational purpose.
Dewey, an American educator, divided educational purposes into internal educational purposes and external educational purposes. He regards the "intrinsic" in educational activities and the current "specific purpose" as the intrinsic educational purpose. Take "general education and final education" as the external educational purpose.
The purpose of internal education is the direct purpose achieved through curriculum construction, the direct direction of the expected results of educational activities, and the expectation of students' thoughts, behaviors and emotions.
External educational purpose refers to the educational purpose that ranks higher in the field of educational purpose, which embodies the expected results that a country's education will achieve in the process of cultivating people. The expression of external educational purpose is relatively macroscopic and abstract, while the internal educational purpose is microscopic, concrete and easy to practice.
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