College students and graduate students trained by institutions of higher learning should have a firm and correct political orientation, love the motherland and socialism, support the leadership of * * *, and study Marxism hard; We should love reform and opening up, have the spirit of hard struggle, strive to serve the people, and strive to realize socialist modernization with China characteristics; Should consciously abide by the law and discipline, with good moral quality; We should study hard and master modern scientific and cultural knowledge. We should also train a group of advanced elements with communist consciousness from them. Whether the people trained in colleges and universities have such qualities, have both ability and political integrity, and can meet the actual needs of socialist construction is the basic symbol to measure the effectiveness of running schools, and it is also the direction that education reform must follow.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), institutions of higher learning inherited and carried forward the fine traditions of the Party. Under the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, they have educated and helped teachers and students to adhere to the correct political orientation, keep in touch with the masses and integrate theory with practice, thus cultivating a large number of talents with both ability and political integrity, many of whom have become the backbone of all fronts of socialist construction. There have also been "Left" mistakes in school work in history. We should thoroughly correct and avoid repeating these "Left" mistakes, and at the same time, we should uphold and carry forward the good experience that has been proved by practice.
Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, colleges and universities have made great efforts in exploring, improving and strengthening ideological and political work and achieved results. However, in recent years, from the central government to many places, the political and ideological front has been weak and lax, and many colleges and universities have weakened the party's ideological and political work to varying degrees. The contents, forms and methods of ideological and political education do not meet the requirements of the new situation. At the end of 1986, the tide of students in a few colleges and universities exposed the seriousness of the bourgeois liberalization trend invading colleges and universities. This is a profound lesson.
The continuous development of socialist construction has created favorable conditions for personnel training. Reform and opening up have broadened students' horizons and enabled them to get more exercise than in the past. However, we should also see that the negative impact of the "Cultural Revolution" has not been completely eliminated; In the process of reform, people's thoughts will be reflected in colleges and universities; The bourgeois world outlook and the remnants of feudalism will inevitably affect teachers and students in colleges and universities; People at home and abroad who try to liberate the bourgeoisie in China always regard colleges and universities as the main places for their ideological infiltration, hoping to find and train representatives who oppose the socialist system from here. These will be long-standing phenomena. Under the conditions of reform and opening up, it is impossible to keep young students in a "greenhouse" and keep them away from decadent and ugly things. This increases the complexity and arduousness of ideological and political education. In order to make the students we train adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles, persist in reform and opening up, enhance their understanding of bourgeois decadent ideas and various erroneous ideological trends, and fundamentally improve their ideological and political quality, we must seriously study the new situation in the new period and the characteristics of young students, earnestly improve the content, form and working methods of ideological and political education, and raise ideological and political work to a new level.
Education departments and institutions of higher learning at all levels should conscientiously sum up historical experience and lessons, further clarify the guiding ideology for running schools, overcome and prevent the tendency of attaching importance to intellectual education over moral education, fully understand the extreme importance of strengthening ideological and political work, deepen the reform in all aspects of education from enrollment, training to graduation, and ensure the training of qualified talents needed by society.
Two, strive to improve the content, form and method of ideological and political work in schools.
In the new era, ideological and political work in colleges and universities should fully implement the line since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, adhere to the four cardinal principles, adhere to the general principles and policies of reform, opening up and invigorating, ensure that education serves the construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, ensure the socialist direction of the school, ensure the all-round development of students' morality, intelligence and physique, mobilize and unite all teachers, students and staff, and complete the task of cultivating talents entrusted by the state.
Continue to educate students on Marxist theory, the party's line, principles and policies, patriotism, internationalism and revolutionary traditions, ideals, morality and discipline, socialist democracy and the legal system.
If ideological and political education really goes deep into students' minds and achieves practical results, it is necessary to constantly investigate and analyze their ideological situation and enhance foresight and pertinence. China has made great achievements in socialist construction and reform on all fronts. The theory and practice of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a scientific socialism full of vitality. We should be good at using these vivid and powerful teaching materials to educate teachers and students. We should persistently and comprehensively expound the two basic points of the line of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party. Only by organically unifying these two basic points can ideological and political work advance along a healthy track.
The ideological and political work in colleges and universities should be improved from the following aspects.
1. Carry out targeted education on Marxist theory and situation and policy. Students should master the basic principles of Marxism, understand the history of China Revolution, correctly understand the theory and practice of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics, establish a world outlook of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, and establish lofty ideals and a correct outlook on life. Only by reforming teaching content and teaching methods, seriously studying major issues in China's socialist construction and reform, studying the economic and political development of the contemporary world, and analyzing and criticizing influential erroneous ideas can we answer students' questions correctly and convincingly. It is necessary to advocate heuristic teaching methods, carry out classroom discussions under the guidance of teachers, and guide students to master Marxism and solve ideological and cognitive problems through study, thinking and lively discussions.
It is necessary to carry out regular situation and policy education in a targeted manner to help students correctly understand the party's line, principles and policies, strengthen their socialist beliefs, support reform and opening up, and better unite around the party. Situation and policy education should be included in the teaching plan. We should organize some model figures and comrades who are familiar with the reality of China's construction and reform to give lectures and answer questions in schools.
2. Actively guide students to participate in socialist practice. Only by learning scientific and cultural knowledge, actively participating in social practice, knowing more about the national conditions, understanding the reality of socialist construction and reform, and understanding the people's thoughts and feelings can young students establish the belief of devoting themselves to building the socialist motherland and gradually become useful talents. Make students understand that China is still in the primary stage of socialism, and to build a highly democratic and civilized socialist modern country, we must rely on the long-term hard struggle of all the people. Young students should learn from practice and the masses with an open mind and serve the masses and society with what they have learned. Only by combining theory with practice, combining mental work with manual work, and combining intellectuals with the masses is the only correct way for young intellectuals to grow up.
According to the characteristics of different subjects and grades, students are organized to participate in social practice in different contents and ways. Enterprise practice, military training, public welfare labor and productive labor should all be included in the teaching plan, and students should be encouraged to use their holidays to carry out various beneficial social practice activities. Conditional institutions of higher learning will gradually establish commercial practice and social practice bases.
3. The combination of ideological and political education and professional teaching. According to the characteristics of each subject, we should guide students to correctly understand the relationship between school study and future work and solve the problem of who to serve. We should learn from foreign advanced science and technology, management experience and beneficial culture, and at the same time resist all negative things. The courses of philosophy and social sciences and literature and art should adhere to the guidance of Marxism, try to connect with the reality of China's reform and construction, and run ideological and political education through the teaching process. The teaching of natural science courses should pay attention to the achievements made by this major in China's socialist construction and the major problems that need to be solved at present. It is necessary to scientifically combine the education of dialectical materialism and historical materialism with the interpretation of theoretical methods of this major, and unify the rigorous learning attitude and innovative spirit.
4. Combine promoting democracy with strengthening legal education. Schools should expand and institutionalize socialist democracy and form a democratic, United and lively political situation. School leaders should communicate through democratic channels, listen carefully to students' opinions, and attract student representatives to participate in the democratic management of student affairs. It is necessary to strengthen the work of student unions and graduate students' associations, making them a bridge between schools and students, a channel for strengthening democratic management and a place for students to carry out democratic activities.
It is necessary to educate students to establish the concept that the Constitution is sacred and inviolable, to realize the essential difference between socialist democracy and bourgeois democracy, to realize the harmfulness of "speaking loudly, speaking out loud, writing big-character posters and debating", and to consciously safeguard stability and unity.
We should be serious about school discipline, formulate and improve the necessary school rules, and change the current phenomenon of lax discipline. Students must strictly abide by school rules and discipline, abide by social public morality, establish a good school spirit, and oppose all kinds of behaviors that disrupt social and school order. Schools should strengthen the leadership and management of student associations and school publications. The main task of students at school is to study, and it is not recommended to establish cross-school and cross-regional groups among students to publish publications.
5. Be strict with students and actively guide them. It is necessary to guide students to fully understand their own advantages and disadvantages and overcome the idea of belittling practice and the masses. In commending outstanding students, evaluating scholarships, selecting graduate students and studying abroad, we should adhere to the standard of excellent academic performance and pay attention to overcoming the tendency of valuing talents over morality. Students should be welcomed and correctly guided to put forward their own thinking and understanding questions to organizations and teachers. Only by putting facts, reasoning and equal discussion can we solve the problem of ideological understanding. Leaders and teachers should enthusiastically educate and guide students' vague or wrong understanding of political direction and principles, take a clear-cut stand and pay attention to methods. They can neither let themselves drift nor let them "be silent". Students should also have a process of repeated thinking and understanding. They have made progress and should be affirmed and encouraged.
Improving students' study and living conditions is an important task of the school. Reasonable opinions put forward by students, which can be solved, should be solved in time; What can't be solved temporarily should be explained clearly. For unreasonable demands, we should persuade education and not accommodate it.
It is necessary to advocate thrift, care for public property, support students to carry out work-study programs and self-help activities, improve their study and living environment, and develop a hard and simple style.
7. Seriously cultivate the backbone of students. Amateur party schools, youth league schools and reading clubs for Marxist works should be held to encourage them to take part in some social work and constantly improve their ideological level and working ability. Encourage and support students to carry out healthy, beneficial and colorful academic, cultural and sports activities, and infiltrate ideological and political education into all aspects of students' lives.
8. Strengthen and improve the ideological and political work of graduate students. Graduate students are the highest level of higher education, and their ideological and political situation has an important impact on the school and society. It is necessary to increase graduate enrollment. Whether a unit can recruit graduate students depends not only on academic level and scientific research conditions, but also on ideological and political conditions. When recruiting students, we should not only attach importance to business, but also assess political and ideological performance. It is necessary to gradually increase the proportion of graduate students admitted from candidates with practical experience. The contents and methods of ideological and political work for graduate students should be suitable for their characteristics. Tutors should not only give professional guidance to graduate students, but also care about their healthy ideological and political growth.
In recent years, the ideological and political work in colleges and universities has gained some new experiences, but it still needs to be explored and explored in practice, and the contents and methods of ideological and political work should be summarized and gradually improved to adapt to the new situation.
Third, strengthen the ideological construction of teachers, and vigorously advocate teaching and educating people.
Teachers play a decisive role in running socialist universities well and cultivating students with both ability and political integrity. Teachers' ideology and morality have a subtle influence on students. The combination of teachers' ideological and political education and teaching work is more acceptable to students. This requires teachers to adhere to the correct political direction, be loyal to people's education, fully care about students' growth, work hard to teach and educate people, and be a model for others.
The teaching staff in colleges and universities, after a long-term test, has proved to be a good team worthy of people's respect. However, many teachers don't know enough about construction and reform, and a few teachers are influenced by wrong ideas. In order to make them better shoulder the glorious task of cultivating talents, we should continue to work hard to improve teachers' working and living conditions, and at the same time enthusiastically care for and help them improve their ideological and political level. Schools should introduce the national conditions to teachers, organize the study of the Party's principles and policies, actively provide opportunities to participate in social practice, get to know the society and get in touch with the masses, so that they can support the reform and correctly understand and treat the contradictions and problems arising in the reform. Help teachers to establish correct educational ideas and learning attitudes, and correctly handle the relationship between politics and business, teaching and educating people, theory and practice, teaching and scientific research, and individuals and collectives. Teachers should be encouraged and promoted to keep in touch with students and get to know them. We should conscientiously organize teachers' political study and encourage teachers to choose some Marxist works voluntarily in combination with their own work and ideological reality. Young teachers are the hope of colleges and universities in the future, but many of them lack practical training. We should be strict with them and enthusiastically help them improve their political and professional levels and do their jobs well. All young teachers who lack practical training should arrange certain time to participate in social practice.
The key to do a good job in teachers' ideological and political work is to give play to the core role of the Party organization and the vanguard and exemplary role of teachers in party member. Every teacher, expert and professor in party member should conscientiously fulfill the obligations of being a party member and strive to do a good job in teaching and educating people.
In order for teachers to truly teach and educate people, corresponding policies and systems are needed as a guarantee. To comprehensively assess teachers, we should not only assess the quality of teaching, but also assess the situation of teaching and educating people. Teachers with good teaching effect and outstanding achievements in teaching and educating people should be commended vigorously. Teachers can introduce different academic viewpoints in teaching, but they can't spread false statements that violate the four cardinal principles and the general policy of reform, opening up and invigorating the country. The teacher qualification evaluation committee should be mainly composed of teachers with high academic ethics and good teaching and educating people.
College staff and workers play an important role in cultivating students. It is also an important aspect of ideological and political work in colleges and universities to strengthen the ideological and political work of employees and help them further establish the idea of serving the people, teaching and scientific research, working diligently and educating people.
It is necessary to give full play to the positive role of the education trade union, hold a good staff congress, and strive to create a democratic, United and positive atmosphere so that the majority of staff can contribute to the cause of socialist education with peace of mind.
Four, build a strong team of Marxist theory and ideological and political work.
Marxist theory teachers and ideological and political workers are the backbone of ideological and political education in colleges and universities. We must attach great importance to the cultivation and construction of this backbone team. The school party Committee and the headmaster should do this work together. The State Education Commission should select a number of qualified colleges and universities, establish a training base for teachers of Marxist theory courses, and improve and expand this team as soon as possible.
The ideological and political work team in colleges and universities should be composed of capable full-time staff and more part-time staff.
Ideological and political education is a comprehensive practical science based on Marxist theory, and it is necessary to have full-time personnel as the backbone to train and bring up a group of experts, professors and theorists in ideological and political education. Therefore, we must select some teachers and graduates with excellent academic performance to join the ideological and political work team. Full-time ideological and political workers should focus on ideological and political work and undertake certain teaching tasks. Full-time staff engaged in students' ideological and political education is an integral part of the teaching staff, which should be included in the teacher establishment and implement the teacher appointment system. Relevant colleges and universities should conscientiously run the ideological and political education major, run the second bachelor's degree class well, create conditions to train master's and doctoral students in this major, and open up a new way for training professionals engaged in ideological and political education.
Each class in colleges and universities should be equipped with a part-time class teacher, tutor or counselor, who can be selected from teachers, graduate students and college students with excellent academic performance. This is conducive to close contact with the masses and to combining ideological and political work with professional work. Many of them can grow up to be experts and professors who can do both teaching and scientific research and ideological and political work. Practice has proved that this kind of "double shoulders" is an important way to train and bring up cadres who meet the requirements of "four modernizations". Part-time workers' achievements in ideological and political work should be regarded as one of the important bases for praise, reward and promotion. After they have worked for a period of time, they should be given a certain amount of full-time study time as appropriate. Students engaged in ideological and political work on a part-time basis may extend their study years appropriately, and graduate according to the original graduation time after they have completed all the courses and passed the examination.
Ideological and political workers should obey the needs of the party and the people, play an exemplary role everywhere, carry forward the spirit of dedication, strive to improve their ideological and professional level, improve their work, and win the trust and respect of students with practical actions.
Five, improve the ideological and political level of university leaders, strengthen and improve the leadership of ideological and political work.
Carry out the educational policy of the party and the state, and improve and strengthen the leadership of schools and departments. Leading cadres in colleges and universities should not only have a high level of professional knowledge, but also have a high level of ideological and political education, strong leadership and management skills, be able to correctly understand and implement the party's line, principles and policies, and know how to run schools well and train talents. Party committee secretaries and principals should strive to become socialist educators. At present, the leading bodies of some schools can not meet this requirement, and all competent departments should improve, enrich or rectify it on the basis of investigation and study.
The Party committee of the school bears the leadership responsibility for ideological and political work. It is necessary to strengthen the party's ideological and organizational construction; Cooperate with the administrative coordination of trade unions, the Communist Youth League, student unions and other forces to do a good job in ideological and political work for students and faculty; Ensure and supervise the implementation of the party's line, principles and policies. Principals should be responsible for the all-round development of students' morality, intelligence and physique, do ideological and political work well in combination with various businesses, and promote teaching and educating people.
We should continue to promote the pilot work of the principal responsibility system and conscientiously sum up the existing pilot experience. No matter what kind of leadership system is implemented in colleges and universities, the administration and party committees should do a good job of unity, close cooperation and joint work.
From Party committees to grass-roots branches, we should strictly manage the Party, earnestly do a good job in inner-party education, improve and perfect the Party's organizational life, carry out criticism and self-criticism, and make party member consciously implement the Party's line, principles and policies, strictly abide by the Party's discipline, and enhance party spirit. Party organizations should always analyze the ideological situation inside and outside the Party, mobilize party member to do a good job in the ideological and political work of the surrounding people, and help them solve various ideological problems in time. Attention should be paid to actively and steadily developing the New party member among college students, and those with party member conditions should be developed in time to prevent lowering the standards.
Strengthen the Party Committee's leadership over the Communist Youth League organizations. The Communist Youth League should unify mass and advanced nature, integrate ideological and political education into various activities that young people like, and strive to improve the advanced nature of its members. We should attach great importance to the selection and training of cadres at school level and department level, and strive to improve their ideological consciousness and working ability.
There are many democratic parties and independents in colleges and universities. They are an important force in running education well. Party committees should attach importance to the United front work and give full play to its positive role in teaching, scientific research and educating people.
Party and government leading cadres must study Marxism hard and deepen their understanding of the party's line, principles and policies; Always understand and study the influence of various ideological trends at home and abroad on teachers and students, and improve the ability to identify and criticize wrong ideological trends; Only in this way can we keep a clear head and stick to the correct political direction under complicated circumstances.
Six, the whole party and society should be concerned about the healthy growth of young students.
Party committees of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and relevant departments of the Central Committee and the State Council should earnestly strengthen their leadership over institutions of higher learning, coordinate all relevant parties, and jointly do a good job in ideological and political work in institutions of higher learning. Local party committees should take the main leadership responsibility for ideological and political work in colleges and universities, discuss the ideological and political situation of teachers and students once or twice a year and put forward corresponding policies and measures. Leading comrades should often go deep into schools, talk directly with students, explain some issues they care about, especially those that need to be answered by leading organs, form a system and stick to it for a long time. The Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and the committees of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government should take strengthening the ideological and organizational construction of colleges and universities as their important tasks. Propaganda, theory, literature and art, publishing and press should always listen to the opinions of educators, understand the reflection of youth schools, strive to improve the quality of spiritual products, and take social benefits as the highest standard. The central and local industrial, agricultural and commercial departments, the People's Liberation Army, and all relevant industries and units in society should take it as their social obligation to support and accept teachers and students to participate in social practice, business practice and military training, and actively provide necessary conditions. Colleges and universities should strengthen contact with all walks of life and parents of students, listen to their opinions, get their cooperation and help, and work together to cultivate a new generation of intellectuals with both ability and political integrity.