Bach was born in a musical family in Eisenach, Germany on March 2 1685. Since16th century, some famous musicians have appeared in Bach family. Among more than 20 generations of musicians produced by this family, johann sebastian bach has the highest achievement. Bach's father is a viola player and his brother is an organist. After his early death, he studied music under the guidance of his brother. As a child, Bach was very interested in music and studied it very hard. He quickly mastered the playing methods of organ, violin and other musical instruments, and at the same time began to show his edge in composition. He began to take part in a wide range of music activities from middle school, and later became a singer of Lombok. During this period, he read a lot of famous music works in Longbo Library, which greatly broadened his horizons. He learned a lot of knowledge. After graduating from high school, Bach began his arduous career as a musician in palaces and churches in Weimar, Arnstad and Murhausen from 1708. At that time, his status and position were very low and his life was difficult. In this case, he still created many valuable works.
Bach never left his motherland in his life, so his works can best reflect the style and characteristics of German society and people's life at that time. In this respect, he is very different from Handel, another baroque music master. Handel has been living abroad, and his works are deeply influenced by the music styles of Italy and other countries, and his creation is mainly based on theme music. Bach's music is entirely German-style. He is a famous master of polyphony. His works are solemn and rigorous, pure and pious. Bach has superb skills and profound works. He made important innovations in many musical forms, such as concerto, orchestral music and piano music.
Bach created a large number of works in his life, and his genre forms are also very diverse, including organ music, piano music, violin music, cello music, flute music, oratorios, orchestral music and many religious acoustic and instrumental works. The most famous of these works are (Tocata and fugue in D minor), piano music collection with average rhythm, French suite, English suite and so on. Six violin sonatas and suites, six cello sonatas and suites, Brandenburg Concerto, peasant chorus, coffee chorus, Matthew's Passion and Mass in B minor, etc.
Bach made great contributions to the art of music all his life. He inherited and developed the previous creative techniques, raised polyphonic music to a new stage, and made great contributions to the perfection of violin concerto form. His Brandenburg Concerto greatly promoted the production of symphonic music. His piano music is also excellent, which laid the foundation for the appearance of Beethoven's piano music later. Bach is not only a great composer, but also an outstanding performer and educator. He lived in poverty before his death and no one asked about his works. It took decades after his death to attract people's attention and he was regarded as the greatest classical music master. On February 28th, 20750, Bach died in Leipzig at the age of 65.
Johann sebastian bach was born in Eisenacher on March 26th, 65438. His family is a musical family. Some family members are organists or choir leaders in nearby towns or cities, and some are musicians or musicians in the municipal government or courts. Over the past 300 years, after seven or eight generations, there are more than 60 musicians in this family. Today, there are many musicians in this family.
Many Bach people have many children. Bach's father has six men and two women, but only three men live long, and Sebastian is his youngest son. By the way, Bach himself had two wives before and after. His first wife gave birth to thirteen children, while his later wife gave birth to seven, giving birth to twenty children, but when he died, there were only nine, less than half.
Bach had a happy childhood as the youngest son, but he lost his mother at the age of 9 and his father the next year. He was raised by his brother and received a general education in Oregon. At the age of fifteen, he found a way to make a living, went to work in Lueneburg, and later worked in Arnstadt, Weimar, Mirgozen and other places. Five years in Keteng and twenty-seven years in Lai Jingxi in his later years are the most important periods in his creation. His most famous masterpiece is. His works are collected in 59 volumes, including 200 oratorios (actually more than 300) written for Sunday worship, and one song can be played every Sunday for five years.
In his later years, Bach was generally happy except that his art was not understood. He loves his children more than most people. Young children are good at playing one or two musical instruments and can play with the whole family at any time. Moreover, many of his disciples respect him very much.
1747, Bach went to Berlin for the last time. His son, karl philip Emanuel Bach, played the clavichord of King Frederick. He praised his son's happy family. He is an interesting figure, who shows his skills by composing music and playing the flute at the gathering in the palace. He got to know Bach when he was playing in Sansi Palace. A carriage was sent to the hotel to meet him at once, and Bach went in in his traveling clothes at once. At the request of the king, he improvised a six-part fugue and improvised music according to the theme set by the king. After he returned to Leipzig, he composed a new composition according to the theme of the king, copied it clearly and presented it to the king. This is the famous "dedication music". This is a piece for flute, violin and clavichord.
Just take a look at Bach's music catalogue, and its weight and variety will be amazing. Although he didn't write opera, he left behind various genres of vocal music and instrumental music, both in church and secular aspects.
Polyphonic music was finished by Bach and ended by him. Among them, there are two sets of 48 piano pieces with equal rhythm, Goldberg Variations, music dedication in his later years, fugue art and so on. "Equal Rhythm Piano Music" proved the tonality of 24 kinds of equal rhymes with works for the first time. Although the theory of homonym with different meanings has been produced for a long time, there has never been an example of key signature who used seven flat or sharp tones as the main theme. Every song in this episode is a prelude and fugue to fantasy. The first song is in C major, the second song is in C minor, and then arranged in the order of C major and C minor until the 24th song in B minor. This assumption later became the model of Beethoven's Prelude (Op.29) and Chopin's Prelude. The peak of using counterpoint can be seen from his previous life. The art of fugue: we can see that he handled the wonderful skills beyond the human brain very simply and vividly, and the counterpoint skills were extremely complex and exquisite, which could not be understood by ears alone.
Almost all his concertos and sonatas are influenced by Italian instrumental music. The popular Italian concerto is a piano solo (clavichord), which completely imitates Vivaldi's ensemble concerto. Although the Brandenburg Concerto is the same as all other instrumental concertos, many of his works are adapted from Vivaldi's violin concertos into piano concertos. His sonatas have nothing to do with classical sonatas, but they are all based on Italian church sonatas.
Matthew passion is not only Bach's most famous masterpiece, but also an unparalleled masterpiece in the same kind of music because of its rich baroque expression. When this passionate song 1729 was first staged in Leipzig, it was like an Italian opera, and the excessive expression made people feel tired. So this masterpiece was completely forgotten in the next century, almost lost, and it took a whole hundred years to reach 100.
In a word, Bach's baroque art came to an end in his generation, and even most of his children went to the neoclassical direction. Emanuel, the second son who works in Berlin, and Christian, known as London Bach, are musicians who paved the way for Haydn, Mozart and others to move towards the main melody music.